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dc.contributor.authorLauvset, Siv Kari
dc.contributor.authorGruber, Nicolas
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-04T10:51:46Z
dc.date.available2018-01-04T10:51:46Z
dc.date.issued2014-05
dc.PublishedLauvset SK, Gruber N. Long-term trends in surface ocean pH in the North Atlantic. Marine Chemistry. 2014;162:71-76eng
dc.identifier.issn0304-4203en_US
dc.identifier.issn1872-7581en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/17114
dc.description.abstractPresently available direct pH measurements do not have a sufficient data density in space or time in order to determine long-term trends across wider geographic regions, limiting our ability to assess the magnitude and impacts of ocean acidification. We overcome this limitation by using the much more frequently measured fugacity of CO2 (fCO2), as synthesized in the SOCAT data product, from which we calculate pH using algorithms for alkalinity based on temperature and salinity. The estimated pH at 25 °C, i.e., pHsws25 °C has a calculation error of 0.0033 ± 0.0003, and evaluation using co-located pH observations yields a RMSE of 0.010 and a non-significant bias of 0.004. The estimated pHsws25 °C is rather sensitive to uncertainties and biases in fCO2, while uncertainties in alkalinity, temperature, and salinity matter much less. The high precision and low bias of the computed pH permit us to apply this method to data from the North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre, for which we find a statistically significant trend in surface ocean pHswsinsitu of − 0.0022 ± 0.0004 yr− 1 over the period 1981 to 2007. This long-term trend in pH is nearly entirely driven by the long-term trend in surface ocean fCO2, while the impact of temperature is negligible. This pH trend is very close to that expected based on the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium of CO2 between the atmosphere and the surface ocean.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsAttribution CC BY-NC-NDeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/eng
dc.subjectpHeng
dc.subjectOcean acidificationeng
dc.subjectTrend analysiseng
dc.subjectCarbon cycleeng
dc.subjectNorth Atlanticeng
dc.titleLong-term trends in surface ocean pH in the North Atlanticen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.date.updated2017-12-02T14:03:54Z
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2014 Elsevier B.V.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2014.03.009
dc.identifier.cristin1150477
dc.source.journalMarine Chemistry
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 214513
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452


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