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dc.contributor.authorSveen, Lene Rydal
dc.contributor.authorTimmerhaus, Gerrit
dc.contributor.authorTorgersen, Jacob Seilø
dc.contributor.authorYtteborg, Elisabeth
dc.contributor.authorJørgensen, Sven Martin
dc.contributor.authorHandeland, Sigurd Olav
dc.contributor.authorStefansson, Sigurd Olav
dc.contributor.authorNilsen, Tom Ole
dc.contributor.authorCalabrese, Sara
dc.contributor.authorEbbesson, Lars O.E.
dc.contributor.authorTerjesen, Bendik Fyhn
dc.contributor.authorTakle, Harald Rune
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-08T12:48:38Z
dc.date.available2018-02-08T12:48:38Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.PublishedSveen L, Timmerhaus GF, Torgersen J, Ytteborg E, Jørgensen SM, Handeland SO, Stefansson SO, Nilsen TO, Calabrese, Ebbesson L, Terjesen Bf, Takle HR. Impact of fish density and specific water flow on skin properties in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts. Aquaculture. 2016;464:629-637eng
dc.identifier.issn1873-5622en_US
dc.identifier.issn0044-8486en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/17352
dc.description.abstractProlonged production of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolts in closed-containment systems has prompted research into biological requirements under higher production intensities. This study examined the effect of fish density and specific water flow on skin health in post post-smolts particularly focusing on epithelial cell morphology and gene expression. In the density experiment, post-smolts were kept at five different fish densities (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg/m3) at a specific water flow rate of 0.6 l/kg/min. Microscopic examination of fluorescence stained whole-mount skin samples demonstrated differences in epithelial cell morphology with increased spacing between epithelial cells at 50 kg/m3 and 125 kg/m3. Gene expression analysis revealed increased transcription of mucin-like 2, cathepsins B, -D, -L, matrix metalloproteinase 9 and claudin 10 in fish reared at a density of 125 kg/m3, while only matrix metalloproteinase 9 and claudin 10 had increased transcription at a density of 100 kg/m3. Together, these results suggest structural alterations in the skin epithelium at densities ≥ 100 kg/m3. In the specific water flow experiment, four different water flow levels were established (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 l/kg/min) while the fish density was kept constant at 75 kg/m3. After eight weeks, transcription of mucin-like 2 and -5ac, inducible nitric oxide synthase, lysozyme and cathepsin B and -L increased in skin samples from fish reared in tanks with a specific water flow of ≤ 0.3 l/kg/min. Increased transcription of these genes implies activation of stress and immune responses in skin at low specific water flow. Results from this study suggests that skin is a sensitive organ for environmental changes, and suggests several molecular indicators that may be valuable in predicting the effects of varying rearing conditions on skin health. Further validation through long-term studies, combined with other health parameters is required for practical recommendations regarding critical fish density and water flow for optimal fish health and performance in semi-closed production systems.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsAttribution CC BY-NC-NDeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/eng
dc.subjectClosed-containment systemseng
dc.subjectSkin healtheng
dc.subjectFish densityeng
dc.subjectSpecific water floweng
dc.subjectFish welfareeng
dc.titleImpact of fish density and specific water flow on skin properties in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smoltsen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.date.updated2017-09-29T13:04:52Z
dc.description.versionacceptedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2016 Elsevieren_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.08.012
dc.identifier.cristin1389265
dc.source.journalAquaculture
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 217502
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 233870
dc.relation.projectFiskeri- og havbruksnæringens forskningsfond: 900816


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