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dc.contributor.authorHallam, Steven J.eng
dc.contributor.authorMincer, Tracy J.eng
dc.contributor.authorSchleper, Christa Mariaeng
dc.contributor.authorPreston, Christina M.eng
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, Katieeng
dc.contributor.authorRichardson, Paul M.eng
dc.contributor.authorDeLong, Edward F.eng
dc.date.accessioned2006-11-27T17:44:44Z
dc.date.available2006-11-27T17:44:44Z
dc.date.issued2006-03-21eng
dc.PublishedPLoS Biology 4(4): e95
dc.identifier.issn1544-9173en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1956/1990
dc.description.abstractMarine Crenarchaeota represent an abundant component of oceanic microbiota with potential to significantly influence biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems. Prior studies using specific archaeal lipid biomarkers and isotopic analyses indicated that planktonic Crenarchaeota have the capacity for autotrophic growth, and more recent cultivation studies support an ammonia-based chemolithoautotrophic energy metabolism. We report here analysis of fosmid sequences derived from the uncultivated marine crenarchaeote, Cenarchaeum symbiosum, focused on the reconstruction of carbon and energy metabolism. Genes predicted to encode multiple components of a modified 3-hydroxypropionate cycle of autotrophic carbon assimilation were identified, consistent with utilization of carbon dioxide as a carbon source. Additionally, genes predicted to encode a near complete oxidative tricarboxylic acid cycle were also identified, consistent with the consumption of organic carbon and in the production of intermediates for amino acid and cofactor biosynthesis. Therefore, C. symbiosum has the potential to function either as a strict autotroph, or as a mixotroph utilizing both carbon dioxide and organic material as carbon sources. From the standpoint of energy metabolism, genes predicted to encode ammonia monooxygenase subunits, ammonia permease, urease, and urea transporters were identified, consistent with the use of reduced nitrogen compounds as energy sources fueling autotrophic metabolism. Homologues of these genes, recovered from ocean waters worldwide, demonstrate the conservation and ubiquity of crenarchaeal pathways for carbon assimilation and ammonia oxidation. These findings further substantiate the likely global metabolic importance of Crenarchaeota with respect to key steps in the biogeochemical transformation of carbon and nitrogen in marine ecosystems.en_US
dc.format.extent1238186 byteseng
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfeng
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.titlePathways of Carbon Assimilation and Ammonia Oxidation Suggested by Environmental Genomic Analyses of Marine Crenarchaeotaen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040095
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470nob


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