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dc.contributor.authorBekkouche, Nicolaseng
dc.contributor.authorKristensen, Reinhardt M.eng
dc.contributor.authorHejnol, Andreaseng
dc.contributor.authorSørensen, Martin V.eng
dc.contributor.authorWorsaae, Katrineeng
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-22T12:08:21Z
dc.date.available2014-10-22T12:08:21Z
dc.date.issued2014-10-01eng
dc.identifier.issn1742-9994
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/8661
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Limnognathia maerski is the single species of the recently described taxon, Micrognathozoa. The most conspicuous character of this animal is the complex set of jaws, which resembles an even more intricate version of the trophi of Rotifera and the jaws of Gnathostomulida. Whereas the jaws of Limnognathia maerski previously have been subject to close examinations, the related musculature and other organ systems are far less studied. Here we provide a detailed study of the body and jaw musculature of Limnognathia maerski, employing confocal laser scanning microscopy of phalloidin stained musculature as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: This study reveals a complex body wall musculature, comprising six pairs of main longitudinal muscles and 13 pairs of trunk dorso-ventral muscles. Most longitudinal muscles span the length of the body and some fibers even branch off and continue anteriorly into the head and posteriorly into the abdomen, forming a complex musculature. The musculature of the jaw apparatus shows several pairs of striated muscles largely related to the fibularium and the main jaws. The jaw articulation and function of major and minor muscle pairs are discussed. No circular muscles or intestinal musculature have been found, but some newly discovered muscles may supply the anal opening. Conclusions: The organization in Limnognathia maerski of the longitudinal and dorso-ventral muscle bundles in a loose grid is more similar to the organization found in rotifers rather than gnathostomulids. Although the dorso-ventral musculature is probably not homologous to the circular muscles of rotifers, a similar function in body extension is suggested. Additionally, a functional comparison between the jaw musculature of Limnognathia maerski, Rotifera and Gnathostomulida, emphasizes the important role of the fibularium in Limnognathia maerski, and suggests a closer functional resemblance to the jaw organization in Rotifera.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherBioMed Centraleng
dc.rightsAttribution CC BYeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0eng
dc.subjectCLSMeng
dc.subject3D reconstructionseng
dc.subjectJaw apparatuseng
dc.subjectF-actineng
dc.subjectTrophieng
dc.subjectMastaxeng
dc.titleDetailed reconstruction of the musculature in Limnognathia maerski (Micrognathozoa) and comparison with other Gnathiferaeng
dc.typeJournal articleeng
dc.typePeer reviewedeng
dc.date.updated2014-10-21T15:04:43Z
dc.description.versionpublishedVersion
dc.description.versionPeer Reviewed
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2014 Bekkouche et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
dc.rights.holderNicolas Bekkouche et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.eng
dc.source.articlenumber71
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-014-0071-z
dc.source.journalFrontiers in Zoology
dc.source.4011


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