• Meter-scale spark X-ray spectrum statistics 

      Carlson, Brant Edward; Østgaard, Nikolai; Kochkin, Pavlo; Grøndahl, Øystein; Nisi, Ragnhild Schrøder; Weber, Kristian; Scherrer, Zack; LeCaptain, Kristian (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-11-13)
      X-ray emission by sparks implies bremsstrahlung from a population of energetic electrons, but the details of this process remain a mystery. We present detailed statistical analysis of X-ray spectra detected by multiple ...
    • Modeling the relativistic runaway electron avalanche and the feedback mechanism with GEANT4 

      Skeltved, Alexander Broberg; Østgaard, Nikolai; Gjesteland, Thomas; Celestin, Sebastien; Carlson, Brant Edward (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-11)
      This paper presents the first study that uses the GEometry ANd Tracking 4 (GEANT4) toolkit to do quantitative comparisons with other modeling results related to the production of terrestrial gamma ray flashes and high-energy ...