Browsing Faculty of Medicine by Title

Now showing items 2300-2319 of 8826

    • Early Behavioral Interventions for Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Routine Clinical Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 

      Wergeland, Gro Janne Henningsen; Posserud, Maj-Britt Rocio; Fjermestad, Krister Westlye; Njardvik, Urdur; Öst, Lars Gøran (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      The current paper systematically reviews and meta-analyses the effectiveness of early behavioral interventions (BI) for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in routine clinical care. The effectiveness of BI, ...

    • Early cessation of breastfeeding amongst women inSouth Africa: an area needing urgent attention toi mprove child health 

      Doherty, Tanya Mark; Sanders, David; Jackson, Debra; Swanevelder, Sonja; Lombard, Carl; Zembe, Wanga; Chopra, Mickey; Goga, Ameena; Colvin, Mark; Fadnes, Lars Thore; Engebretsen, Ingunn Marie S.; Ekström, Eva-Charlotte; Tylleskär, Thorkild; For the PROMISE EBF study group (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-07-24)
      Background: Breastfeeding is a critical component of interventions to reduce child mortality. Exclusive breastfeeding practice is extremely low in South Africa and there has been no improvement in this over the past ten ...

    • Early child stimulation, linear growth and neurodevelopment in low birth weight infants 

      Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash; Taneja, Sunita; Strand, Tor Arne; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Hysing, Mari; Mazumder, Sarmila; Bhandari, Nita; Martines, Jose Carlos; Dua, Tarun; Kariger, Patricia; Bahl, Rajiv (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background Children with low birth weight (LBW) are at risk of linear growth faltering and developmental deficits. Evidence suggests that early child stimulation and care reflected as responsive caregiving and opportunities ...

    • Early childhood head circumference: Reference ranges for Ethiopian population 

      Amare, Ephrem Bililigne (Master thesis, 2014-05-25)
      Background: Hydrocephalus is a condition of increased volume of cerebrospinal fluid commonly associated with impaired brain function. It is more common in developing countries and mostly frequently in children. One can ...

    • Early constipation predicts faster dementia onset in Parkinson's disease 

      Camacho, Marta; Macleod, Angus D.; Grødem, Jodi Maple; Evans, Jonathan R.; Breen, David P.; Cummins, G; Wijeyekoon, Ruwani; Greenland, Julia; Alves, Guido Werner; Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn; Lawson, Rachel A.; Barker, Roger A.; Williams-Gray, Caroline H. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Constipation is a common but not a universal feature in early PD, suggesting that gut involvement is heterogeneous and may be part of a distinct PD subtype with prognostic implications. We analysed data from the Parkinson’s ...

    • Early diagnosis is associated with improved clinical outcomes in benign esophageal perforation: an individual patient data meta‑analysis 

      Vermeulen, Bram D.; van der Leeden, Britt; Ali, Jawad T.; Gudbjartsson, Tomas; Hermansson, Michael; Low, Donald E.; Adler, Douglas G.; Botha, Abraham J.; D’Journo, Xavier B.; Eroglu, Atila; Ferri, Lorenzo E.; Gubler, Christoph; Haveman, Jan Willem; Kaman, Lileswar; Kozarek, Richard A.; Law, Simon; Loske, Gunnar; Lindenmann, Joerg; Park, Jung-Hoon; Richardson, J. David; Salminen, Paulina; Song, Ho-Yong; Søreide, Jon Arne; Spaander, Manon; Tarascio, Jeffrey N.; Tsai, Jon A.; Vanuytsel, Tim; Rosman, Camiel; Siersema, Peter D.; van der Bogt, Ruben D.; Birch, Madeleine; Dubose, Joseph J.; Fox, Sam; Jaklitsch, Michael T.; Kuppusamy, Madhan K.; Persson, Saga; Rice, Robert D.; Smolle, Josef; Smolle-Juettner, Freyja M.; Sudarshan, Monisha; Sutcliffe, Robert P.; Vidarsdottir, Halla; Viste, Asgaut (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Background Time of diagnosis (TOD) of benign esophageal perforation is regarded as an important risk factor for clinical outcome, although convincing evidence is lacking. The aim of this study is to assess whether time ...

    • Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: Clinical Premonitions, Timely Precursor Detection and Increased Curative-Intent Surgery 

      Søreide, Kjetil; Ismail, Warsan; Roalsø, Marcus Thomas Thor; Ghotbi, Jacob; Zaharia, Claudia (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Background: The overall poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer is related to late clinical detection. Early diagnosis remains a considerable challenge in pancreatic cancer. Unfortunately, the onset of clinical symptoms in ...

    • Early diagnosis of sepsis in emergency departments, time to treatment, and association with mortality: An observational study 

      Husabø, Gunnar; Nilsen, Roy Miodini; Flaatten, Hans; Solligård, Erik; Frich, Jan C; Bondevik, Gunnar Tschudi; Braut, Geir Sverre; Walshe, Kieran; Harthug, Stig; Hovlid, Einar (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020-01-22)
      Background: Early recognition of sepsis is critical for timely initiation of treatment. The first objective of this study was to assess the timeliness of diagnostic procedures for recognizing sepsis in emergency departments. ...

    • Early empirical antibiotics and adverse clinical outcomes in infants born very preterm: A population-based cohort 

      Vatne, Anlaug; Hapnes, Nina; Stensvold, Hans Jørgen; Dalen, Ingvild; Guthe, Hans Jørgen Timm; Støen, Ragnhild; Brigtsen, Anne Karin; Rønnestad, Arild Erland; Klingenberg, Claus Andreas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between empirical antibiotic therapy in the first postnatal week in uninfected infants born very preterm and the risk of adverse outcomes until ...

    • Early Evolutionary Selection of NAD Biosynthesis Pathway in Bacteria 

      Sharma, Suraj; Hsieh, Yin-Chen; Dietze, Jørn; Bockwoldt, Mathias; Strømland, Øyvind; Ziegler, Mathias; Heiland, Ines (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Bacteria use two alternative pathways to synthesize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinamide (Nam). A short, two-step route proceeds through nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) formation, whereas the other ...

    • Early Forms of α-Synuclein Pathology Are Associated with Neuronal Complex I Deficiency in the Substantia Nigra of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease 

      Flønes, Irene Hana; Nyland, Harald Inge; Sandnes, Dagny Ann; Alves, Guido Werner; Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn; Tzoulis, Charalampos (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (iPD) is characterized by degeneration of the dopaminergic substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), typically in the presence of Lewy pathology (LP) and mitochondrial respiratory complex I (CI) ...

    • Early Gut Fungal and Bacterial Microbiota and Childhood Growth 

      Schei, Kasper; Simpson, Melanie Rae; Avershina, Ekaterina; Rudi, Knut; Øien, Torbjørn; Juliusson, Petur Benedikt; Underhill, David; Salamati, Saideh; Ødegård, Rønnaug (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Introduction: Childhood growth is a sensitive marker of health. Animal studies show increased height and weight velocity in the presence of fungal as well as antibiotic supplement in feed. Human studies on early gut ...

    • Early identification of treatment non-response in first-episode psychosis 

      Wold, Kristin Fjelnseth; Ottesen, Akiah; Flaaten, Camilla Bärthel; Johnsen, Erik; Lagerberg, Trine Vik; Romm, Kristin Lie; Simonsen, Carmen; Ueland, Torill; Widing, Line Hustad; Åsbø, Gina; Melle, Ingrid (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Background Approximately one-third of patients with psychotic disorders does not respond to standard antipsychotic treatments. Consensus criteria for treatment resistance (TR) may aid the identification of non-response ...

    • Early indicators of disease progression in Fabry disease that may indicate the need for disease-specific treatment initiation: Findings from the opinion-based PREDICT-FD modified Delphi consensus initiative 

      Hughes, Derralynn A.; Aguiar, Patricio; Deegan, Patrick B; Ezgu, Fatih; Frustaci, Andrea; Lidove, Olivier; Linhart, Aleš; Lubanda, Jean-Claude; Moon, James C; Nicholls, Kathleen; Niu, Dau-Ming; Nowak, Albina; Ramaswami, Uma; Reisin, Ricardo; Rozenfeld, Paula; Schiffmann, Raphael; Svarstad, Einar; Thomas, Mark; Torra, Roser; Vujkovac, Bojan; Warnock, David G.; West, Michael L; Johnson, Jack; Rolfe, Mark J; Feriozzi, Sandro (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Objectives The PRoposing Early Disease Indicators for Clinical Tracking in Fabry Disease (PREDICT-FD) initiative aimed to reach consensus among a panel of global experts on early indicators of disease progression that may ...

    • Early Induction of Cross-Reactive CD8+ T-Cell Responses in Tonsils After Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccination in Children 

      Mohn, Kristin Greve-Isdahl; Brokstad, Karl Albert; Islam, Shahinul; Oftung, Fredrik; Tøndel, Camilla; Aarstad, Hans Jørgen; Cox, Rebecca Jane (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Background Live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) was licensed for prophylaxis of children 2–17 years old in Europe in 2012 and is administered as a nasal spray. Live-attenuated influenza vaccine induces both mucosal ...

    • Early infant feeding practices in three African countries: the PROMISE-EBF trial promoting exclusive breastfeeding by peer counsellors 

      Engebretsen, Ingunn Marie S.; Nankabirwa, Victoria; Doherty, Tanya Mark; Diallo, Abdoulaye Hama; Nankunda, Jolly; Fadnes, Lars Thore; Ekström, Eva-Charlotte; Ramokolo, Vundli; Meda, Nicolas; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Jackson, Debra; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Tumwine, James K.; For the PROMISE-EBF study group (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-11-18)
      Background: Immediate and exclusive initiation of breastfeeding after delivery has been associated with better neonatal survival and child health and are recommended by the WHO. We report its impact on early infant feeding ...

    • Early interruption of exclusive breastfeeding: results from the eight-country MAL-ED study 

      Patil, Crystal L.; Turab, Ali; Ambikapathi, Ramya; Nesamvuni, Cebisa; Chandyo, Ram K.; Bose, Anuradha; Islam, M. Munirul; Ahmed, A. M. Shamsir; Olortegui, Maribel Paredes; de Moraes, Milena Lima; Caulfield, Laura E. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-05-01)
      We report the infant feeding experiences in the first month of life for 2,053 infants participating in “Malnutrition and Enteric Infections: Consequences for Child Health and Development” (MAL-ED). Eight sites (in Bangladesh, ...

    • Early life course factors, early childhood caries and oral health related quality of life among five-year-olds – a prospective and intergenerational study from eastern Uganda 

      Birungi, Nancy (Doctoral thesis, 2016-11-11)
      Background: The Early childhood caries, ECC, literature considering children in low income countries is limited to a few cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal studies using causal diagrams (DAGs) with intergenerational ...

    • Early life environment and snoring in adulthood 

      Franklin, Karl A.; Janson, Christer; Gíslason, Thórarinn; Gulsvik, Amund; Gunnbjörnsdottir, Maria; Lærum, Birger Norderud; Lindberg, Eva; Norrman, Eva; Nyström, Lennarth; Omenaas, Ernst; Torén, Kjell; Svanes, Cecilie (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2008-08-22)
      Background: To our knowledge, no studies of the possible association of early life environment with snoring in adulthood have been published. We aimed to investigate whether early life environment is associated with snoring ...

    • Early life exposures contributing to accelerated lung function decline in adulthood – a follow-up study of 11,000 adults from the general population 

      Kirkeleit, Jorunn; Riise, Trond; Wielscher, Mathias; Accordini, Simone; Carsin, Anne-Elie; Dratva, Julie; Franklin, Karl A.; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Jarvis, Deborah; Leynaert, Benedicte; Lodge, Caroline J.; Gomez Real, Francisco; Schlünssen, Vivi; Corsico, Angelo Guido; Heinrich, Joachim; Holm, Matthias; Janson, Christer; Benediktsdóttir, Bryndís; Jogi, Rain; Dharmage, Shyamali C.; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Svanes, Cecilie (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Background We aimed to assess whether exposure to risk factors in early life from conception to puberty continue to contribute to lung function decline later in life by using a pooled cohort comprising approx. 11,000 adults ...