• 25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentration is not affected by severe or non-severe pneumonia, or inflammation, in young children 

      Haugen, Johanne; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Ulak, Manjeswori; Mathisen, Maria; Basnet, Sudha; Brokstad, Karl Albert; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Shrestha, Prakash S.; Strand, Tor A (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-01-17)
      Poor vitamin D status has been associated with increased risk and severity of respiratory tract infections. Whether or not inflammation and infection affects 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration is controversial ...
    • Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Childhood and Household Fuel Use in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Bates, Michael N.; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Pokhrel, Amod K.; Mathisen, Maria; Basnet, Sudha; Shrestha, Prakash S.; Strand, Tor A.; Smith, Kirk R. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013-05)
      Background: Globally, solid fuels are used by about 3 billion people for cooking. These fuels have been associated with many health effects, including acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in young children. Nepal has ...
    • The association between biomass fuel use for cooking and linear growth in young children in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Schwinger, Catherine; Kvestad, Ingrid; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Chandyo, Manjeswori Ulak; Shrestha, Merina; Ranjitkar, Suman; Strand, Tor Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background There are still many people in the world who prepare their meals on open fires or stoves using solid fuels from biomass, especially in low-and middle-income countries. Although biomass cooking fuels have been ...
    • The association between household biomass fuel use and leukocyte telomere length among toddlers in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Schwinger, Catherine Monika; Kvestad, Ingrid; Chandyo, Manjeswori Ulak; Ranjitkar, Suman; Shrestha, Merina; Nguyen, Linda Vy; Corona-Perez, Diana; DeVivo, Immaculata; Shrestha, Laxman; Strand, Tor Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background Biomass fuels are still in use for cooking by many households in resource poor countries such as Nepal and is a major source of household air pollution (HAP). Chronic exposure to HAP has been shown to be associated ...
    • Biomass fuel use for cooking in Nepalese families and child cognitive abilities, results from a community-based study 

      Kvestad, Ingrid; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Schwinger, Catherine; Ranjitkar, Suman; Hysing, Mari; Chandyo, Manjeswori Ulak; Shrestha, Merina; Shrestha, Laxman P.; Strand, Tor Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background Biomass fuel use for cooking is widespread in low to middle income countries. Studies on the association between biomass fuel use and cognitive abilities in children are limited. Objective To examine the association ...
    • Cobalamin and folate status in 6 to 35 months old children presenting with acute diarrhea in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Ulak, Manjeswori; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Adhikari, Ramesh K.; Sharma, Pushpa R.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Refsum, Helga; Strand, Tor A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-03-03)
      Background: Cobalamin and folate are essential micronutrients and are important in DNA and RNA synthesis, cell proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and cognitive function. However, data on cobalamin and folate status are ...
    • Determinants of Cognitive Development in the Early Life of Children in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Ranjitkar, Suman; Hysing, Mari; Kvestad, Ingrid; Shrestha, Merina; Ulak, Manjeswori; Shilpakar, Jaya Shree; Sintakala, Roshan; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Shrestha, Laxman; Strand, Tor A (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-12-06)
      Background: Children in low and middle income countries may have many risk factors for poor cognitive development, and are accordingly at a high risk of not reaching their developmental potential. Determinants for cognitive ...
    • The effect of infant vitamin B12 supplementation on neurodevelopment: A follow-up of a randomized placebo-controlled trial in Nepal 

      Chandyo, Manjeswori Ulak; Kvestad, Ingrid; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Ranjitkar, Suman; Hysing, Mari; Schwinger, Catherine; Shrestha, Merina; Basnet, Sudha; Shrestha, Laxman; Strand, Tor Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      The most critical period for brain development is before a child’s second birthday. Standardised tests measuring neurodevelopment are more reliable when administered after this period. Severe vitamin B12 deficiency affects ...
    • The effects of vitamin B12 supplementation in pregnancy and postpartum on growth and neurodevelopment in early childhood: Study Protocol for a Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial 

      Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Ulak, Manjeswori; Kvestad, Ingrid; Shrestha, Merina; Ranjitkar, Suman; Basnet, Sudha; Hysing, Mari; Shrestha, Laxman; Strand, Tor A (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)
      Introduction: Vitamin B12 is crucial for normal cell division and differentiation, and necessary for the development and myelination of the central nervous system. Pregnant mothers in resource poor settings are at risk for ...
    • Engagement in agriculture protects againstfood insecurity and malnutrition in peri-urban Nepal 

      Moucheraud, Corrina; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Henjum, Sigrun; Strand, Tor A; Ulak, Manjeswori; Fawzi, Wafaie W.; Locks, Lindsey; Webb, Patrick; Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      Background: Urbanization is occurring rapidly in many low- and middle-income countries, which may affect households’ livelihoods, diet, and food security and nutritional outcomes. Objective: The main objective of our study ...
    • Full breastfeeding protection against common enteric bacteria and viruses: Results from the MAL-ED cohort study 

      Mccormick, Benjamin J. J; Richard, Stephanie A; Murray-Kolb, Laura E; Kang, Gagandeep; Lima, Aldo A. M; Mduma, Estomih; Kosek, Margaret N; Rogawski Mcquade, Elizabeth T; Houpt, Eric R; Bessong, Pascal; Shrestha, Sanjaya; Bhutta, Zulfiqar; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Caulfield, Laura E; Acosta, Angel Mendez; De Burga, Rosa Rios; Chavez, Cesar Banda; Flores, Julian Torres; Olotegui, Maribel Paredes; Pinedo, Silvia Rengifo; Salas, Mery Siguas; Trigoso, Dixner Rengifo; Vasquez, Angel Orbe; Ahmed, Imran; Alam, Didar; Ali, Asad; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Qureshi, Shahida; Rasheed, Muneera Abdul; Soofi, Sajid; Turab, Ali; Yousafzai, Aisha; Zaidi, Anita K. M.; Bodhidatta, Ladaporn; Ammu, Geetha; Babji, Sudhir; Bose, Anuradha; George, Ajila T.; Hariraju, Dinesh; Jennifer, M Steffi; John, Sushil; Kaki, Shiny; Karunakaran, Priyadarshani; Koshy, Beena; Lazarus, Robin P.; Muliyil, Jayaprakash; Ragasudha, Preethi; Raghava, Mohan Venkata; Raju, Sophy; Ramachandran, Anup; Ramadas, Rakhi; Ramanujam, Karthikeyan; Rose, Anuradha; Roshan, Reeba; Sharma, Srujan L.; Shanmuga Sundaram, Sundaram; Thomas, Rahul J.; Pan, William K.; Ambikapathi, Ramya; Carreon, J. Daniel; Doan, Viyada; Hoest, Christel; Knobler, Stacey; McCormick, Benjamin J. J.; McGrath, Monica; Miller, Mark A.; Psaki, Stephanie; Rasmussen, Zeba; Seidman, Jessica C.; Gottlieb, Michael; Lang, Dennis R.; Tountas, Karen H.; Svensen, Erling; Amour, Caroline; Bayyo, Eliwaza; Mduma, Estomih R.; Mvungi, Regisiana; Nshama, Rosemary; Pascal, John; Swema, Buliga Mujaga; Yarrot, Ladislaus; Mason, Carl J.; Shamsir Ahmed, Ahmed; Alam, Md Ashraful; Haque, Rashidul; Haque, Umma; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Islam, Munirul; Mahfuz, Mustafa; Mondal, Dinesh; Nahar, Baitun; Tofail, Fahmida; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Shrestha, Prakash Sunder; Shrestha, Rita; Chandyo, Manjeswori Ulak; Bauck, Aubrey; Black, Robert E.; Checkley, William; Lee, Gwenyth O.; Schulze, Kerry; Yori, Pablo Peñataro; Ross, A. Catharine; Schaefer, Barbara; Simons, Suzanne; Pendergast, Laura; Abreu, Cláudia B.; Costa, Hilda; Di Moura, Alessandra; Filho, José Quirino; Havt, Alexandre; Leite, Álvaro M.; Lima, Noélia L.; Lima, Ila F.; Maciel, Bruna L. L.; Medeiros, Pedro H. Q. S.; Moraes, Milena; Mota, Francisco S.; Oriá, Reinaldo B.; Quetz, Josiane; Soares, Alberto M.; Mota, Rosa M. S.; Patil, Crystal L.; Mahopo, Cloupas; Maphula, Angelina; Nyathi, Emanuel; Samie, Amidou; Barrett, Leah; Dillingham, Rebecca; Gratz, Jean; Guerrant, Richard L.; Houpt, Eric; Petri, William A.; Platts-Mills, James; Rogawski, Elizabeth; Scharf, Rebecca; Rogawski, Elizabeth T.; Shrestha, Binob; Rayamajhi, Bishnu Bahadur; Strand, Tor Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background Breastfeeding is known to reduce the risk of enteropathogen infections, but protection from specific enteropathogens is not well characterized. Objective The aim was to estimate the association between full ...
    • Infant feeding practices in Bhaktapur, Nepal: a cross-sectional, health facility based survey 

      Ulak, Manjeswori; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Mellander, Lotta; Shrestha, Prakash S.; Strand, Tor A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-01-10)
      Background: Promotion of proper breastfeeding practices for the first six months of life is the most cost-effective intervention for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. However, the adherence to breastfeeding ...
    • Iodine concentration in breastmilk and urine among lactating women of Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Henjum, Sigrun; Malde, Marian Kjellevold; Ulak, Manjeswori; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Shrestha, Prakash Sunder; Frøyland, Livar; Strydom, Emmerentia E.; Dhansay, Muhammed A.; Strand, Tor A (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016-04-28)
      Adequate iodine concentration in breastmilk (BMIC) is essential for optimal neonatal thyroid hormone synthesis and neurological development in breastfed infants. For many decades, iodine deficiency has been a public health ...
    • Low Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency among Nepalese Infants Despite High Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency among Their Mothers 

      Haugen, Johanne; Ulak, Manjeswori; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Henjum, Sigrun; Thorne-Lyman, Andrew; Ueland, Per Magne; Midtun, Øivind; Shrestha, Prakash Sunder; Strand, Tor A (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016-12-21)
      Background: Describing vitamin D status and its predictors in various populations is important in order to target public health measures. Objectives: To describe the status and predictors of vitamin D status in healthy ...
    • Predicting undernutrition at age 2 years with early attained weight and length compared with weight and length velocity 

      Schwinger, Catherine; Fadnes, Lars Thore; Shrestha, Sanjaya Kumar; Shrestha, Prakash Sunder; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Shrestha, Binob; Ulak, Manjeswori; Bodhidatta, Ladaporn; Mason, Carl J.; Strand, Tor A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)
      Objective: To estimate the abilities of weight and length velocities vs attained growth measures to predict stunting, wasting, and underweight at age 2 years. Study design: We analyzed data from a community-based cohort ...
    • The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency is more common in breastfed infants than their mothers in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Henjum, Sigrun; Ulak, Manjeswori; Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L; Ulvik, Rune Johan; Shrestha, Prakash Sunder; Locks, Lindsey; Fawzi, Wafaie W.; Strand, Tor A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015)
      Background/Objectives: Iron deficiency anemia is a widespread public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Maternal iron status around and during pregnancy may influence infant iron status. We ...
    • Prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia among young children with acute diarrhea in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Ulak, Manjeswori; Adhikari, Ramesh K.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Strand, Tor A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-07-21)
      Iron deficiency anemia is still common in children under five years of age and may impair their growth and cognitive development. Diarrhea is the second most common reason for seeking medical care for young children in ...
    • The reliability and predictive ability of the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) in a community-based study in Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Kvestad, Ingrid; Silpakar, Jaya S.; Hysing, Mari; Ranjitkar, Suman; Strand, Tor Arne; Schwinger, Catherine; Shrestha, Merina; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Ulak Chandyo, Manjeswori (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Aim: In a Nepalese setting, to measure the reliability of the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) and its ability to predict development scores at 6 months. Methods: Nepalese infants (n = 705) were assessed by the TIMP ...
    • Risk Factors for Extended Duration of Acute Diarrhea in Young Children 

      Strand, Tor A.; Sharma, Pushpa R.; Gjessing, Håkon K.; Ulak, Manjeswori; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Adhikari, Ramesh K.; Sommerfelt, Halvor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-05-08)
      Objective and Background: We sought to identify predictors of extended duration of diarrhea in young children, which contributes substantially to the nearly 1 1/2 million annual diarrheal deaths globally. Methods: We ...
    • RNA viruses in community-acquired childhood pneumonia in semi-urban Nepal; a cross-sectional study 

      Mathisen, Maria; Strand, Tor A.; Sharma, Biswa N.; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Basnet, Sudha; Adhikari, Ramesh K.; Hvidsten, Dag; Shrestha, Prakash S.; Sommerfelt, Halvor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-07-27)
      Background: Pneumonia is among the main causes of illness and death in children <5 years of age. There is a need to better describe the epidemiology of viral community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in developing countries. ...