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    • External Developmental Assets and Positive Identity Among Emerging Adults in Norway, Romania, Slovenia, and Turkey 

      Dost-Gozkan, Ayfer; Kozina, Ana; Stefenel, Delia; Wiium, Nora (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The present study adopts The Developmental Assets and Positive Youth Development (PYD) perspectives which (in contrast to the deficit-based approaches which highlight risks and deficit in youth development) claim that young ...

    • External Hydrocephalus as a Cause of Infant Subdural Hematoma: Epidemiological and Radiological Investigations of Infants Suspected of Being Abused 

      Andersson, Jacob; Wikström, Johan; Högberg, Ulf; Wester, Knut; Thiblin, Ingemar (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) in infants have been regarded as highly specific for abuse. Other causes of CSDH have not been investigated in a large population. Purpose The ...

    • An external quality assessment feasibility study; cross laboratory comparison of haemagglutination inhibition assay and microneutralization assay performance for seasonal influenza serology testing: A FLUCOP study 

      Waldock, Joanna; Weiss, Carol D.; Wang, Wei; Levine, Min Z.; Jefferson, Stacie N.; Ho, Sammy; Hoschler, Katja; Londt, Brandon Z.; Masat, Elisa; Carolan, Louise; Sánchez-Ovando, Stephany; Fox, Annette; Watanabe, Shinji; Akimoto, Miki; Sato, Aya; Kishida, Noriko; Buys, Amelia; Maake, Lorens; Fourie, Cardia; Caillet, Catherine; Raynaud, Sandrine; Webby, Richard J.; DeBeauchamp, Jennifer; Cox, Rebecca Jane; Jalloh, Sarah Larteley Lartey; Trombetta, Claudia M.; Marchi, Serena; Montomoli, Emanuele; Sanz-Muñoz, Iván; Eiros, José María; Sánchez-Martínez, Javier; Duijsings, Danny; Engelhardt, Othmar G. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Introduction: External Quality Assessment (EQA) schemes are designed to provide a snapshot of laboratory proficiency, identifying issues and providing feedback to improve laboratory performance and inter-laboratory agreement ...

    • External validation of SAPS II score reported to the Norwegian Intensive Care and Pandemic Registry (NIPaR) 

      Buanes, Eirik Alnes; Bruserud, Øyvind; Carracedo Huroz, Sergio; Barratt-Due, Andreas; Flaatten, Hans Kristian; Kvåle, Reidar (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Background: Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) is a mortality prediction model widely used to compensate for differences between intensive care units (ICU) in benchmarking and research. Accuracy of SAPS II is ...

    • External validation of the RISC, RISC-Malawi, and PERCH clinical prediction rules to identify risk of death in children hospitalized with pneumonia 

      Rees, Chris A.; Hooli, Shubhada; King, Carina; McCollum, Eric D.; Colbourn, Tim; Lufesi, Norman; Mwansambo, Charles; Lazzerini, Marzia; Madhi, Shabir A.; Cutland, Clare; Nunes, Marta; Gessner, Bradford D.; Basnet, Sudha; Kartasasmita, Cissy B.; Mathew, Joseph L.; Zaman, Syed Mohammad Akram Uz; Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia; Bhatnagar, Shinjini; Wadhwa, Nitya; Lodha, Rakesh; Aneja, Satinder; Santosham, Mathuram; Picot, Valentina Sanchez; Sylla, Mariam; Awasthi, Shally; Bavdekar, Ashish; Pape, Jean-William; Rouzier, Vanessa; Chou, Monidarin; Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala; Wang, Jianwei; Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn; Vanhems, Philippe; Russomando, Graciela; Asghar, Rai; Banajeh, Salem; Iqbal, Imran; MacLeod, William; Maulen-Radovan, Irene; Mino, Greta; Saha, Samir; Singhi, Sunit; Thea, Donald M; Clara, Alexey W.; Campbell, Harry; Nair, Harish; Falconer, Jennifer; Williams, Linda J.; Horne, Margaret; Strand, Tor Arne; Qazi, Shamim A.; Nisar, Yasir B.; Neuman, Mark I. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Background: Existing scores to identify children at risk of hospitalized pneumonia-related mortality lack broad external validation. Our objective was to externally validate three such risk scores. Methods: We applied the ...

    • Extra-pair paternity explains cooperation in a bird species 

      Krams, Indrikis A.; Mennerat, Adele; Krama, Tatjana; Krams, Ronalds; Joers, Priit; Elferts, Didzis; Luoto, Severi; Rantala, Markus J.; Eliassen, Sigrunn (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      In many social animals, females mate with multiple males, but the adaptive value of female extra-pair mating is not fully understood. Here, we tested whether male pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) engaging in extra-pair ...

    • The extracellular bone marrow microenvironment — a proteomic comparison of constitutive protein release by in vitro cultured osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells 

      Aasebø, Elise; Birkeland, Even; Selheim, Frode; Berven, Frode; Brenner, Annette; Bruserud, Øystein (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts are bone marrow stromal cells that contribute to the formation of stem cell niches and support normal hematopoiesis, leukemogenesis and development of metastases from distant ...

    • Extracellular DNA concentrations in various aetiologies of acute kidney injury 

      Gaál Kovalčíková, Alexandra; Janovičová, Ľubica; Hodosy, Július; Babickova, Janka; Vavrincová-Yaghi, Diana; Vavrinec, Peter; Boor, Peter; Podracká, Ľudmila; Šebeková, Katarína; Celec, Peter; Tóthová, Ľubomíra (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Extracellular DNA (ecDNA) in plasma is a non-specific biomarker of tissue damage. Urinary ecDNA, especially of mitochondrial origin, is a potential non-invasive biomarker of kidney damage. Despite prominent tissue damage, ...

    • Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Primed Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Loaded on Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Biomaterial Exhibit Enhanced Macrophage Polarization 

      Rana, Neha; Suliman, Salwa; Al-Sharabi, Niyaz Abdulbaqi Abdulmajid; Mustafa, Kamal Babikeir Elnour (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) loaded on biphasic calcium phosphate biomaterial (MSC + BCP) have been used as an advanced therapy medicinal product to treat complex maxillofacial bone defects in patients. Further, MSC-derived ...

    • Extracting Rules from Neural Networks with Partial Interpretations 

      Persia, Cosimo Damiano; Ozaki, Ana (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      We investigate the problem of extracting rules, expressed in Horn logic, from neural network models. Our work is based on the exact learning model, in which a learner interacts with a teacher (the neural network model) via ...

    • Extracting Sign Language Articulation from Videos with MediaPipe 

      Börstell, Carl Anders (Chapter, 2023)
      This paper concerns evaluating methods for extracting phonological information of Swedish Sign Language signs from video data with MediaPipe’s pose estimation. The methods involve estimating i) the articulation phase, ii) ...

    • Extracting Users: Regimes of Engagement in Norwegian Smart Electricity Transition 

      Rommetveit, Kjetil; Ballo, Ingrid Foss; Sareen, Siddharth (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Recent efforts to involve digital technologies and renewables in the electricity grid have placed users at center stage in the legitimation of energy transitions. This move has been paralleled by an emphasis on users and ...

    • Extraction of form factors from a four-dimensional angular analysis of ¯B→D∗ℓ−¯νℓ 

      Lees, Jean-Pierre; Poireau, Vincent; Tisserand, Vincent; Grauges, Eugeni; Palano, Antimo; Eigen, Gerald; Brown, David Nathan; Kolomensky, Yury G.; Fritsch, Miriam; Koch, Helmut; Schroeder, Torsten; Hearty, Christopher; Mattison, Tom S.; McKenna, Janis A.; So, Rocky Y.; Blinov, Vladimir E.; Buzykaev, Alexey; Druzhinin, Vladimir P.; Golubev, Vladimir B.; Kozyrev, Evgeny A.; Kravchenko, Evgeniy A.; Onuchin, Alexei P.; Serednyakov, Sergey I.; Skovpen, Yuri I.; Solodov, Evgeni Petrovich; Todyshev, Korneliy Yu.; Lankford, Andrew J.; Dey, Biplab; Gary, J. William; Long, Owen; Eisner, Alan M.; Lockman, William S.; Panduro-Vazquez, William; Chao, Daniel S.; Cheng, Chih-Hsiang; Echenard, Bertrand; Flood, Kevin T.; Hitlin, David G.; Kim, Jae; Lee, Myeongjae; Miyashita, Tomonari S.; Ongmongkolkul, Piti; Porter, Frank C.; Röhrken, Markus; Huard, Zachary; Meadows, Brian T.; Pushpawela, Buddhi G.; Sokoloff, Michael D.; Sun, Liang; Smith, Jim G.; BABAR, Collaboration (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-30)
      An angular analysis of the decay ¯B→D∗ℓ−¯νℓ, ℓ∈{e,μ}, is reported using the full e+e−collision data set collected by the BABAR experiment at the Υ(4S) resonance. One B meson from the Υ(4S)→B¯B decay is fully reconstructed ...

    • Extrapolating from model organisms in pharmacology 

      Parkkinen, Veli-Pekka; Williamson, Jon (Chapter, 2020)
      In this chapter we explore the process of extrapolating causal claims from model organisms to humans in pharmacology. We describe and compare four strategies of extrapolation: enumerative induction, comparative process ...

    • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Pakistan- A nation-wide multicenter retrospective study 

      Tahseen, Sabira; Khanzada, Faisal Masood; Baloch, Aurangzaib Quadir; Abbas, Qasim; Bhutto, Mansoor Manzoor; Alizai, Ahmad Wali; Zaman, Shah; Qasim, Zahida; Durrani, Muhammad Najeeb; Farough, M. Khalid; Ambreen, Atiqa; Safdar, Nauman; Mustafa, Tehmina (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Background Pakistan is fifth among high burden countries for tuberculosis. A steady increase is seen in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), which now accounts for 20% of all notified TB cases. There is very limited ...

    • The extreme Arctic warm anomaly in November 2020 

      Fan, Qiyao; Xu, Xinping; He, Shengping; Zhou, Botao (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      In November 2020, the eastern Arctic experienced an extensive extreme warm anomaly (i.e., the second strongest case since 1979), which was followed by extreme cold conditions over East Asia in early winter. The observed ...

    • Extreme Event Statistics in Dst, SYM-H, and SMR Geomagnetic Indices 

      Bergin, A.; Chapman, Sandra; Watkins, N.W.; Moloney, N.R.; Gjerløv, Jesper (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Extreme space weather events are rare, and quantifying their likelihood is challenging, often relying on geomagnetic indices obtained from ground-based magnetometer observations that span multiple solar cycles. The Dst ...

    • Extreme Justice: Decapitations and Prone Burials in Three Late Roman Cemeteries at Knobb's Farm, Cambridgeshire 

      Mazzilli, Francesca; Wiseman, Rob; Neil, Benjamin (Journal article, 2021)
      Excavations at Knobb's Farm, Somersham, Cambridgeshire, uncovered three small late Roman cemeteries, positioned at the edge of a farming settlement. The 52 burials found included 17 decapitated bodies and 13 prone burials ...

    • Extreme Levels of Ocean Acidification Restructure the Plankton Community and Biogeochemistry of a Temperate Coastal Ecosystem: A Mesocosm Study 

      Spisla, Carsten; Taucher, Jan; Bach, Lennart T; Haunost, Mathias; Boxhammer, Tim; King, Andrew L; Jenkins, Bettany D.; Wallace, Joselynn R.; Ludwig, Andrea; Meyer, Jana; Stange, Paul; Minutolo, Fabrizio; Lohbeck, Kai T.; Nauendorf, Alice; Kalter, Verena; Lischka, Silke; Sswat, Michael; Dörner, Isabel; Ismar-Rebitz, Stefanie M. H.; Aberle, Nicole; Yong, Jaw C; Bouquet, Jean-Marie; Lechtenbörger, Anna K.; Kohnert, Peter; Krudewig, Michael; Riebesell, Ulf (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The oceans’ uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) decreases seawater pH and alters the inorganic carbon speciation – summarized in the term ocean acidification (OA). Already today, coastal regions experience episodic ...

    • Extreme wave runup on a steep coastal profile 

      Bjørnestad, Maria; Kalisch, Henrik (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      It is shown that very steep coastal profiles can give rise to unexpectedly large wave events at the coast. We combine insight from exact solutions of a simplified mathematical model with photographs from observations at ...