The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) -identification, molecular characterization, phylogeny and gene expression analyses
Journal article, Peer reviewed
Published version
Åpne
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https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2735471Utgivelsesdato
2020Metadata
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- Department of Biological Sciences [2216]
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Originalversjon
Developmental and Comparative Immunology. 2020, 105, 103608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2020.103608Sammendrag
The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 are important mediators of inflammatory reactions and orchestrators of the immune system in vertebrate. In this study, we have identified TNF-α and IL-6 in lumpfish, molecular characterized them at mRNA and gene level, performed homology modelling and measured their gene expression in different tissues and upon in vitro stimulation. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of TNF-α teleost sequences give novel insight into the TNF –α biology. Interestingly, we identified two isoforms of luIL-6. In normal tissue and leukocyte, the level of luTNF-α transcripts was higher than luIL-6. The expression pattern were parallel, except for brain, eye and gonad, and they displayed a similar induction pattern upon exposure to PAMPs, being most highly upregulated by flagellin. This is the first in-depth characterization of TNF and IL-6 in lumpfish. In recent years, lumpfish has become an important species for the aquaculture industry and establishment of qPCR-assays of luTNF-α and luIL-6 provide a valuable tool to measure effect of immune modulation, such as vaccination, microbiological disease and physiological trials. Lumpfish is also interesting for comparative studies as it represent a phylogenetic group that is poorly described immunologically.