• High resolution Late-glacial and early-Holocene summer air temperature records from Scotland inferred from Chironomid assemblages 

      Brooks, Stephen J.; Matthews, Ian P.; Birks, Hilary H.; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-05-18)
      Lateglacial and early-Holocene mean July air temperatures have been reconstructed, using a chironomid-based inference model, from lake-sediment sequences from Abernethy Forest, in the eastern Highlands of Scotland, and ...
    • High-elevation limits and the ecology of high-elevation vascular plants: legacies from Alexander von Humboldt 

      Birks, Harry John Betteley (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland in their Essay on the Geography of Plants discuss what was known in 1807 about the elevational limits of vascular plants in the Andes, North America, and the European Alps and suggest ...
    • Holocene changes in atmospheric circulation recorded in the oxygen-isotope stratigraphy of lacustrine carbonates from northern Sweden 

      Hammarlund, Dan; Barnekow, Lena; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Buchardt, Bjørn; Edwards, Thomas W. D. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2002)
      The oxygen-isotope composition of local precipitation (d18OP) is reconstructed from carbonate lake-sediment components in a sediment core covering the last 10000 calendar years from Lake Tibetanus, a small, hydrologically ...
    • Holocene climatic change reconstructed from diatoms, chironomids, pollen and near-infrared spectroscopy at an alpine lake (Sjuodjijaure) in northern Sweden 

      Rosén, Peter; Segerström, Ulf; Eriksson, Lars; Renberg, Ingemar; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2001)
      The results of a multiproxy study reconstructing the climate history of the last 9300 years in northern Sweden are presented. It is based on diatom, chironomid and pollen analyses, as well as near-infrared spec troscopy ...
    • Holocene mean July temperature and winter precipitation in western Norway inferred from palynological and glaciological lake-sediment proxies 

      Bjune, Anne Elisabeth; Bakke, Jostein; Nesje, Atle; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2005)
      Reconstructions of mean July temperature (Tjul) and winter precipitation (Pw) for the last 11/500 years on the Folgefonna peninsula are presented. Tjul was reconstructed using pollen-climate transfer functions and Pw was ...
    • Holocene palaeoclimate reconstructions at Vanndalsvatnet, western Norway, with particular reference to the 8200 cal. yr BP event 

      Nesje, Atle; Bjune, Anne Elisabeth; Bakke, Jostein; Dahl, Svein Olaf; Lie, Øyvind; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2006)
      Analyses of organic content, magnetic susceptibility, grain size and pollen in sediments from the proglacial lake Vanndalsvatnet in western Norway provide a high-resolution terrestrial record and pollenbased quantitative ...
    • The human dimension of biodiversity changes on islands 

      Nogué, Sandra; Santos, Ana; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Björck, Svante; Castilla-Beltrán, Alvaro; Connor, Simon; de Boer, Erik J.; de Nascimento, Lea; Felde, Vivian Astrup; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Froyd, Cynthia; Haberle, Simon G.; Hooghiemstra, Henry; Ljung, Karl; Norder, Sietze J.; Peñuelas, Josep; Prebble, Matthew; Stevenson, Janelle; Whittaker, Robert J.; Willis, Kathy J.; Wilmshurst, Janet M.; Steinbauer, Manuel (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Islands are among the last regions on Earth settled and transformed by human activities, and they provide replicated model systems for analysis of how people affect ecological functions. By analyzing 27 representative ...
    • Identifying the driving factors behind observed elevational range shifts on European mountains 

      Grytnes, John-Arvid; Kapfer, Jutta; Jurasinski, Gerald; Birks, Hilary H.; Henriksen, Hanne; Klanderud, Kari; Odland, Arvid; Ohlson, Mikael; Wipf, Sonja; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-04-13)
      Aim In recent decades species ranges have shifted upwards in elevation and northwards in latitude. These shifts are commonly interpreted as a response to recent climate warming. However, several alternative hypotheses have ...
    • The intercept is a poor estimate of a calibrated radiocarbon age 

      Telford, Richard J.; Heegaard, Einar; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2004)
      Intercept-based methods of generating a point estimate of a calibrated radiocarbon date are very popular, but exhibit undesirable behaviour. They are highly sensitive to the mean of the radiocarbon date and to adjustments ...
    • July mean temperature and annual precipitation trends during the Holocene in the Fennoscandian tree-line area: pollen-based climate reconstructions 

      Seppä, Heikki; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2001)
      July mean temperature and annual precipipation during the last 9900 cal. yr BP were recon structed from pollen assemblages preserved in a sediment core from northern Finland. Quantitative recon structions were performed ...
    • Lake-sediment records of recent environmental change on Svalbard: results of diatom analysis 

      Jones, Vivienne J.; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2004)
      Surface sediments from 23 lakes on Svalbard were analysed for diatoms. 182 taxa were found but samples generally have a low richness, with the majority of sites dominated by benthic genera such as Fragilaria, Navicula, and ...
    • Looking forward through the past: identification of 50 priority research questions in palaeoecology 

      Seddon, Alistair; Mackay, Anson W.; Baker, Ambroise G.; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Breman, Elinor; Buck, C. E.; Ellis, Erle C.; Froyd, Cynthia A.; Gill, Jacquelyn L.; Gillson, Lindsey; Johnson, Edward A.; Jones, Vivienne J.; Juggins, Stephen; Macias-Fauria, Marc; Mills, Keely; Morris, Jesse L.; Nogués-Bravo, David; Punyasena, Surangi W.; Roland, Thomas P.; Tanentzap, Andrew; Willis, Katherine Jane; Aberhan, Martin; van Asperen, Eline N.; Austin, William E. N.; Battarbee, Richard W.; Bhagwat, Shonil; Belanger, Christina L.; Bennett, Keith D.; Birks, Hilary H.; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk; Brooks, Stephen J.; de Bruyn, Mark; Butler, Paul G.; Chambers, F. M.; Clarke, Stewart J.; Davies, Althea L.; Dearing, John A.; Ezard, Thomas H. G.; Feurdean, Angelica; Flower, Roger J.; Gell, Peter; Hausmann, Sonja; Hogan, Erika J.; Hopkins, Melanie J.; Jeffers, Elizabeth S.; Korhola, Atte; Marchant, Robert; Kiefer, Thorsten; Lamentowicz, Mariusz; Larocque-Tobler, Isabelle; López-Merino, Lourdes; Liow, Lee Hsiang; McGowan, Suzanne; Miller, Joshua H.; Montoya, Encarni; Morton, Oliver; Nogué, Sandra; Onoufriou, Chloe; Boush, Lisa P.; Rodriguez-Sanchez, F; Rose, Neil L.; Sayer, Carl D.; Shaw, Helen E.; Payne, Richard; Simpson, Gavin; Sohar, Kadri; Whitehouse, Nicki J.; Williams, John W.; Witkowski, Andrzej (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
    • Microrefugia and shifts of Hippophae tibetana (Elaeagnaceae) on the north side of Mt. Qomolangma (Mt. Everest) during the last 25000 years 

      Xu, Lu; Wang, Hao; La, Qiong; Lu, Fan; Sun, Kun; Fang, Yang; Yang, Mei; Zhong, Yang; Wu, Qianhong; Chen, Jiakuan; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Zhang, Wenju (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-05-19)
      Microrefugia at high altitudes or high latitudes are thought to play an important role in the post-glacial colonization of species. However, how populations in such microrefugia have responded to climate changes in alternating ...
    • Multi-proxy studies in palaeolimnology 

      Birks, Hilary H.; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2006)
      Multi-proxy studies are becoming increasingly common in palaeolimnology. Eight basic requirements and challenges for a multi-proxy study are outlined in this essay – definition of research questions, leadership, site ...
    • Natural and cultural heritage in mountain landscapes: towards an integrated valuation 

      Speed, James David Mervyn; Austrheim, Gunnar; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Johnson, Sally; Kvamme, Mons; Nagy, Laszlo; Sjøgren, Per Johan E; Skar, Birgitte; Stone, Duncan; Svensson, Eva; Thompson, Des B.A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012)
      Mountain areas of Europe have been managed by humans for a long time, leading to a prevalence of semi-natural habitats in mountain landscapes today. These landscapes contain both natural and cultural heritage; however, ...
    • One hundred years of Quaternary pollen analysis 1916-2016 

      Birks, Harry John Betteley; Berglund, Björn E. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018-03)
      We review the history of Quaternary pollen analysis from 1916 to the present-day, with particular emphasis on methodological and conceptual developments and on the early pioneers of the subject. The history is divided into ...
    • Pattern and process in Norwegian upland grasslands: a functional analysis 

      Vandvik, Vigdis; Birks, Harry John Betteley (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2002)
      Four classes of functional and morphological plant traits (FMT) – established strategies (the CSR scheme sensu Grime 1979), life-forms (sensu Raunkiaer 1934), morphology, and regenerative strategies – are used as tools for ...
    • Pollen-based quantitative reconstructions of Holocene regional vegetation cover (plant-functional types and land-cover types) in Europe suitable for climate modelling. 

      Trondman, Anna-Kari; Gaillard, Marie-José; Mazier, Florence; Sugita, Shinya; Fyfe, Ralph; Nielsen, Anne Birgitte; Twiddle, Claire L.; Barratt, P; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Bjune, Anne Elisabeth; Bjørkman, L; Broström, Anna; Caseldine, Chris; David, R; Dodson, J; Dörfler, Walter; Fischer, E; van Geel, Bas; Giesecke, Thomas; Hultberg, T; Kalnina, Laimdota; Kangur, Mihkel; Van der Knaap, WO; Koff, Tiiu; Kunes, Petr; Lagerås, Per; Latalowa, Malgorzata; Lechterbeck, Jutta; Leroyer, C; Leydet, Michelle; Lindbladh, Matts; Marquer, Laurent; Mitchell, Fraser J.G.; Odgaard, Bent Vad; Peglar, Sylvia Margaret; Persson, T; Poska, Anneli; Rösch, Manfred; Seppä, Heikki; Veski, S.; Wick, L. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-10-22)
      We present quantitative reconstructions of regional vegetation cover in north-western Europe, western Europe north of the Alps, and eastern Europe for five time windows in the Holocene [around 6k, 3k, 0.5k, 0.2k, and 0.05k ...
    • Quantifying recent ecological changes in remote lakes of North America and Greenland using sediment diatom assemblages 

      Telford, Richard J.; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Saros, Jasmine E.; Hazewinkel, Roderick R. O.; Perren, Bianca B.; Saulnier-Talbot, Émilie; Wolfe, Alexander P. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2010-04-02)
      Background Although arctic lakes have responded sensitively to 20th-century climate change, it remains uncertain how these ecological transformations compare with alpine and montane-boreal counterparts over the same interval. ...
    • Quantitative multiproxy assessment of long-term patterns of Holocene environmental change from a small lake near Abisko, northern Sweden 

      Bigler, Christian; Larocque, Isabelle; Peglar, Sylvia M.; Birks, Harry John Betteley; Hall, Roland I. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2002)
      Quantitative reconstructions are made of Holocene changes in climatic and environmental conditions from analyses of pollen, chironomids and diatoms in identical stratigraphic levels of a sediment core from Vuoskkujávri ...