• The Bergen 4-day OCD treatment delivered in a group setting: 12-month follow-up 

      Hansen, Bjarne; Hagen, Kristen; Øst, Lars Gøran; Solem, Stian; Kvale, Gerd (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018-05-03)
      The Bergen 4-day concentrated exposure treatment (cET) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has proven highly acceptable; with practically no drop-out and a 6 month remission rate of nearly 70%. The aim of the present ...
    • The Bergen 4-Day Treatment (B4DT) for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Outcomes for Patients Treated After Initial Waiting List or Self-Help Intervention 

      Launes, Gunvor; Hagen, Kristen; Öst, Lars Gøran; Solem, Stian; Hansen, Bjarne; Kvale, Gerd (Journal article, 2020)
      The Bergen 4-day treatment (B4DT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was recently tested in a randomized controlled trial, where the results showed that the B4DT was more effective than a self-help intervention (SH) ...
    • The Bergen 4-day treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder : Does it work in a new clinical setting? 

      Launes, Gunvor; Laukvik, Inger Lill; Sunde, Tor; Klovning, Ingrid; Hagen, Kristen; Solem, Stian; Øst, Lars Gøran; Hansen, Bjarne; Kvale, Gerd (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-05-17)
      Sørlandet Hospital in Norway has a history of offering patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) cognitive behavior group therapy using 12 weekly sessions of 2.5 h each. A previous evaluation of this treatment has ...
    • The Bergen 4-Day Treatment for Panic Disorder: A Pilot Study 

      Hansen, Bjarne; Kvale, Gerd; Hagen, Kristen; Hjelle, Kay Morten; Solem, Stian; Bø, Beate Hatlelid; Øst, Lars Gøran (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018-06-26)
      The current article reports on the findings from a pilot treatment study on panic disorder (PD) with or without agoraphobia. Consecutively referred patients were included and treated with the Bergen 4-day treatment format. ...
    • The Bergen 4-day treatment for panic disorder: adapting to COVID-19 restrictions with a hybrid approach of face-to-face and videoconference modalities 

      Hjelle, Kay Morten; Eide, Thorstein Olsen; Thorsen, Anders Lillevik; Kvale, Gerd; Hagen, Kristen; Snorrason, Ivar; Björgvinsson, Thröstur; Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Background The Bergen 4-day treatment (B4DT) is a concentrated exposure-based therapy that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders. The current study sought to examine the effectiveness of ...
    • The Bergen 4-day treatment for panic disorder: implementation in a rural clinical setting 

      Eide, Thorstein Olsen; Hjelle, Kay Morten; Sætre, Ida Ueland; Solem, Stian; Olsen, Thorbjørn; Skøld, Rolf Olof; Kvale, Gerd; Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie; Hagen, Kristen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Introduction: The Bergen 4-Day Treatment (B4DT) is a concentrated treatment with individually tailored exposure exercises. The format has shown promising results in the treatment of panic disorder. Aim: The aim of the ...
    • The Bergen 4-day treatment for panic disorder: replication and implementation in a new clinic 

      Iversen, Hanne Moe; Eide, Thorstein Olsen; Harvold, Mathea; Solem, Stian; Kvale, Gerd; Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie; Hagen, Kristen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background Bergen 4-day treatment (B4DT) is a concentrated exposure-based treatment (cET), where the patient receives concentrated, individually tailored cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) during four consecutive days. ...
    • The Bergen 4-day treatment for social anxiety disorder: a pilot study 

      Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie; Eide, Thorstein Olsen; Reiråskag, Marie Aaslie; Tjelle, Kristian August; Solem, Stian; Hagen, Kristen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2024)
      Background Few studies have examined the use of concentrated and intensified cognitive behaviour therapy for treating social anxiety disorder (SAD). The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of the Bergen 4-Day ...
    • Changes in contamination-related obsessions and compulsions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Norwegian longitudinal study 

      Grøtte, Torun; Hagen, Kristen; Eid, Jarle; Kvale, Gerd; Hellard, Stephanie Francoise Claire Le; Solem, Stian (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background: Early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic have been associated with increasing obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS), but less is known regarding these symptoms’ long-term trajectories. The aim of this study was to ...
    • Changes in mental health symptoms from April (COVID-19 outbreak) to December 2020 in Norway: A two-wave study 

      Hagen, Kristen; Solem, Stian; Stavrum, Anne-Kristin Støbakk; Eid, Jarle; Kvale, Gerd; Samdal, Oddrun; Hellard, Stephanie Francoise Claire Le (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      The main objective of the study was to investigate changes in mental health symptoms from the start of the pandemic in Norway (April) to December 2020. A total of 6017 participants completed an assessment of the survey at ...
    • Cohort Profile: COVIDMENT: COVID-19 cohorts on mental health across six nations 

      Unnarsdóttir, Anna Bára; Lovik, Anikó; Fawns-Ritchie, Chloe; Ask, Helga; Kõiv, Kadri; Hagen, Kristen; Didriksen, Maria; Christoffersen, Lea Arregui Nordahl; Garðarsson, Alexander Berg; McIntosh, Andrew; Kähler, Anna K.; Campbell, Archie; Hauksdóttir, Arna; Erikstrup, Christian; Mikkelsen, Dorte Helenius; Altschul, Drew; Thordardottir, Edda Bjork; Frans, Emma Maria; Kvale, Gerd; Tómasson, Gunnar; Kariis, Hanna Maria; Jónsdóttir, Harpa Lind; Rúnarsdóttir, Harpa; Magnúsdóttir, Ingibjörg; Eid, Jarle; Jakobsdóttir, Jóhanna; Nielsen, Kaspar René; Kaspersen, Kathrine Agergård; Milani, Lili; Trogstad, Lill-Iren Schou; Yi, Lu; Bruun, Mie Topholm; Sullivan, Patrick F.; Magnus, Per Minor; Shen, Qing; Nesvåg, Ragnar; Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Mägi, Reedik; Ostrowski, Sisse Rye; Løkhammer, Solveig; Solem, Stian; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Hansen, Thomas Folkmann; Werge, Thomas; Aspelund, Thor; Porteous, David J.; Fang, Fang; Lehto, Kelli; Andreassen, Ole; Pedersen, Ole Birger Vesterager; Hellard, Stephanie Francoise Claire Le; Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur Anna (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
    • Diffusion Tensor Imaging Before and 3 Months After Concentrated Exposure Response Prevention in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 

      Brecke, Vilde; Thorsen, Anders Lillevik; Ousdal, Olga Therese; Vriend, Chris; Alnæs, Dag; Hagen, Kristen; Hansen, Bjarne; Kvale, Gerd; van den Heuvel, Odile A (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Background: Subtle differences in white matter microstructure have been found in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compared to controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), but it is unclear if and how this change after ...
    • Disentangling Within- and Between-Person Effects During Response Inhibition in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 

      Hagland, Pernille; Thorsen, Anders Lillevik; Ousdal, Olga Therese; Gjestad, Rolf; de Wit, Stella J.; Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie; Hagen, Kristen; Kvale, Gerd; van den Heuvel, Odile A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been related to worse performance, abnormal brain activity, and functional connectivity during response inhibition. Whether these findings are indications of stable traits ...
    • Does Concentrated Exposure Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Improve Insomnia Symptoms? Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial 

      Hagen, Kristen; Nordahl, Håkon; Launes, Gunvor; Kvale, Gerd; Öst, Lars Gøran; Hystad, Sigurd; Hansen, Bjarne; Solem, Stian (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Insomnia is a substantial problem in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). There is, however, a lack of studies investigating changes in concurrent symptoms of insomnia in OCD after concentrated treatment. A ...
    • Effect of D-Cycloserine on the Effect of Concentrated Exposure and Response Prevention in Difficult-to-Treat Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial 

      Kvale, Gerd; Hansen, Bjarne; Hagen, Kristen; Abramowitz, Jonathan S.; Børtveit, Tore; Craske, Michelle G.; Franklin, Martin E.; Haseth, Svein; Himle, Joseph A; Hystad, Sigurd William; Kristensen, Beate; Launes, Gunvor; Lund, Anders; Solem, Stian; Öst, Lars Gøran (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Importance Evidence is lacking for viable treatment options for patients with difficult-to-treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It has been suggested that D-cycloserine (DCS) could potentiate the effect of exposure ...
    • Effects of Bergen 4-Day Treatment on Resting-State Graph Features in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 

      Thorsen, Anders Lillevik; Vriend, Chris; de Wit, Stella J.; Ousdal, Olga Therese; Hagen, Kristen; Hansen, Bjarne; Kvale, Gerd; van den Heuvel, Odile A (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Background Exposure and response prevention is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear how symptom reduction is related to changes in the brain. We aimed to determine the effects ...
    • The functional connectome in obsessive-compulsive disorder: resting-state mega-analysis and machine learning classification for the ENIGMA-OCD consortium 

      Bruin, Willem B.; Abe, Yoshinari; Alonso, Pino; Anticevic, Alan; Backhausen, Lea L.; Balachander, Srinivas; Bargallo, Nuria; Batistuzzo, Marcelo C.; Benedetti, Francesco; Bertolin Triquell, Sara; Brem, Silvia; Calesella, Federico; Couto, Beatriz; Denys, Damiaan A. J. P.; Echevarria, Marco A. N.; Eng, Goi Khia; Ferreira, Sónia; Feusner, Jamie D.; Grazioplene, Rachael G.; Gruner, Patricia; Guo, Joyce Y.; Hagen, Kristen; Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie; Hirano, Yoshiyuki; Hoexter, Marcelo Q.; Jahanshad, Neda; Jaspers-Fayer, Fern; Kasprzak, Selina; Kim, Minah; Koch, Kathrin; Bin Kwak, Yoo; Kwon, Jun Soo; Lazaro, Luisa; Li, Chiang-Shan R.; Lochner, Christine; Marsh, Rachel; Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio; Menchon, Jose M.; Moreira, Pedro S.; Morgado, Pedro; Nakagawa, Akiko; Nakao, Tomohiro; Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C.; Nurmi, Erika L.; Zorrilla, Jose C. Pariente; Piacentini, John; Picó-Pérez, Maria; Piras, Fabrizio; Piras, Federica; Pittenger, Christopher; Reddy, Janardhan Y. C.; Rodriguez-Manrique, Daniela; Sakai, Yuki; Shimizu, Eiji; Shivakumar, Venkataram; Simpson, Blair H.; Soriano-Mas, Carles; Sousa, Nuno; Spalletta, Gianfranco; Stern, Emily R.; Stewart, S. Evelyn; Szeszko, Philip R.; Tang, Jinsong; Thomopoulos, Sophia I.; Thorsen, Anders Lillevik; Tokiko, Yoshida; Tomiyama, Hirofumi; Vai, Benedetta; Veer, Ilya M.; Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan; Vetter, Nora C.; Vriend, Chris; Walitza, Susanne; Waller, Lea; Wang, Zhen; Watanabe, Anri; Wolff, Nicole; Yun, Je-Yeon; Zhao, Qing; van Leeuwen, Wieke A.; van Marle, Hein J. F.; van de Mortel, Laurens A.; van der Straten, Anouk; van der Werf, Ysbrand D.; Kvale, Gerd; Thompson, Paul M.; Stein, Dan J.; van den Heuvel, Odile A; van Wingen, Guido A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Current knowledge about functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is based on small-scale studies, limiting the generalizability of results. Moreover, the majority of studies have focused only on ...
    • Implementation of the Bergen 4-day treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder in Iceland 

      Davidsdottir, Soley Drofn; Sigurjonsdottir, Olafia; Ludvigsdóttir, Sigurbjorg Jona; Hansen, Bjarne; Laukvik, Inger Lill; Hagen, Kristen; Björgvinsson, Thröstur; Kvale, Gerd (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the first implementation outside of Norway of the Bergen 4-day treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), an innovative and effective treatment format with high ...
    • Linking resting state metabolite concentrations in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex to response inhibition in OCD, a combined fMRI-MRS study 

      de Joode, Niels T.; Thorsen, Anders Lillevik; Vriend, Chris; Pouwels, Petra J.W.; van Balkom, Anton J.L.M.; Hagen, Kristen; Ousdal, Olga Therese; Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie; Kvale, Gerd; van den Heuvel, Odile A (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Introduction Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been associated with abnormal brain activation in regions related to response inhibition, such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), as well as dysregulation ...
    • Longitudinal changes in neurometabolite concentrations in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex after concentrated exposure therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder 

      de Joode, Niels T.; Thorsen, Anders Lillevik; Vester, Eline L.; Vriend, Chris; Pouwels, Petra J.W.; Hagen, Kristen; Ousdal, Olga Therese; Hansen, Bjarne Kristian Aaslie; Kvale, Gerd; van den Heuvel, Odile A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Background The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) due to its role in error processing, cognitive control and emotion regulation. ...