• Direct observations of anomalous resistivity and diffusion in collisionless plasma 

      Graham, D.B.; Khotyaintsev, Yu. V.; André, M.; Vaivads, A.; Divin, A.; Drake, J.F.; Norgren, Astrid Elisabet Cecilia; Le Contel, Contel; Lindqvist, P.-A.; Rager, A.C.; Gershman, D.J.; Russell, C.T.; Burch, J.L.; Hwang, K.-J.; Dokgo, K. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Coulomb collisions provide plasma resistivity and diffusion but in many low-density astrophysical plasmas such collisions between particles are extremely rare. Scattering of particles by electromagnetic waves can lower the ...
    • Electron Bernstein waves driven by electron crescents near the electron diffusion region 

      Li, Wenya; Graham, D. B.; Khotyaintsev, Yuri V.; Vaivads, Andris; André, Mats; Min, K.; Liu, K.; Tang, B.B.; Wang, C.; Fujimoto, K.; Norgren, Astrid Elisabet Cecilia; Toledo-Redondo, Sergio; Lindqvist, Per-Arne; Ergun, R.E.; Torbert, Roy B.; Rager, A.C.; Dorelli, J.C.; Gershman, D.J.; Giles, B. L.; Lavraud, B.; Plaschke, F.; Magnes, W.; Le Contel, Olivier; Russell, Christopher T.; Burch, J. L. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft encounter an electron diffusion region (EDR) of asymmetric magnetic reconnection at Earth’s magnetopause. The EDR is characterized by agyrotropic electron velocity distributions ...