Blar i Bergen Open Research Archive på forfatter "Sommerfelt, Halvor"
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Case-control vaccine effectiveness studies: Data collection, analysis and reporting results
Verani, Jennifer R.; Baqui, Abdullah H.; Broome, Claire V.; Cherian, Thomas; Cohen, Cheryl; Farrar, Jennifer L.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Groome, Michelle J.; Hajjeh, Rana A.; Johnson, Hope L.; Madhi, Shabir A.; Mulholland, Kim; O'Brien, Katherine L.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Patel, Manish M.; Rodrigues, Laura C.; Santosham, Mathuram; Scott, J. Anthony; Smith, Peter G.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Victor, J. Chris; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Zaidi, Anita K.; Zell, Elizabeth R. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-06)The case-control methodology is frequently used to evaluate vaccine effectiveness post-licensure. The results of such studies provide important insight into the level of protection afforded by vaccines in a ‘real world’ ... -
Case-control vaccine effectiveness studies: Preparation, design, and enrollment of cases and controls
Verani, Jennifer R.; Baqui, Abdullah H.; Broome, Claire V.; Cherian, Thomas; Cohen, Cheryl; Farrar, Jennifer L.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Groome, Michelle J.; Hajjeh, Rana A.; Johnson, Hope L.; Madhi, Shabir A.; Mulholland, Kim; O'Brien, Katherine L.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Patel, Manish M.; Rodrigues, Laura C.; Santosham, Mathuram; Scott, J. Anthony; Smith, Peter G.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Victor, J. Chris; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Zaidi, Anita K.; Zell, Elizabeth R. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-06)Case-control studies are commonly used to evaluate effectiveness of licensed vaccines after deployment in public health programs. Such studies can provide policy-relevant data on vaccine performance under ‘real world’ ... -
Child survival and BCG vaccination: A community based prospective cohort study in Uganda
Nankabirwa, Victoria; Tumwine, James K.; Mugaba, Proscovia M.; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Sommerfelt, Halvor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-02-22)Background Data on non-specific effects of BCG vaccination in well described, general population African cohorts is scanty. We report the effects of BCG vaccination on post-neonatal infant and post-infancy mortality in a ... -
Cobalamin and folate status in 6 to 35 months old children presenting with acute diarrhea in Bhaktapur, Nepal
Ulak, Manjeswori; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Adhikari, Ramesh K.; Sharma, Pushpa R.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Refsum, Helga; Strand, Tor A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-03-03)Background: Cobalamin and folate are essential micronutrients and are important in DNA and RNA synthesis, cell proliferation, growth, hematopoiesis, and cognitive function. However, data on cobalamin and folate status are ... -
Colonization factors among enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea and from matched controls in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS)
Vidal, Roberto M.; Muhsen, Khitam; Tennant, Sharon M.; Svennerholm, Ann-Mari; Sow, Samba O.; Sur, Dipika; Zaidi, Anita K.M.; Faruque, Abu Syed Golam; Saha, Debasish; Adegbola, Richard; Hossain, Mohammad Jahangir; Alonso, Pedro L.; Breiman, Robert F.; Bassat, Quique; Tamboura, Boubou; Sanogo, Doh; Onwuchekwa, Uma; Manna, Byomkesh; Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan; Kanungo, Suman; Ahmed, Shahnawaz; Qureshi, Shahida; Quadri, Farheen; Hossain, Anowar; Das, Sumon K.; Antonio, Martin; Mandomando, Inacio; Nhampossa, Tacilta; Acácio, Sozinho; Omore, Richard; Ochieng, John B.; Oundo, Joseph O.; Mintz, Eric D.; O'Reilly, Ciare E.; Berkeley, Lynette Y.; Livio, Sofie; Panchalingam, Sandra; Nasrin, Dilruba; Farag, Tamer H.; Wu, Yukun; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Robins-Browne, Roy M.; Del Canto, Felipe; Hazen, Tracy H.; Rasko, David A.; Kotloff, Karen L.; Nataro, James Paul; Levine, Myron M. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-01-04)Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (“ETEC”) were found to be one of the four most consistently important agents that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea among children <5 years of age in a large case-control study, the Global ... -
Community initiated kangaroo mother care and early child development in low birth weight infants in India - a randomized controlled trial
Taneja, Sunita; Sinha, Bireshwar; Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash; Mazumder, Sarmila; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Martines, Jose Carlos; Dalpath, Suresh Kumar; Gupta, Rakesh; Kariger, Patricia; Bahl, Rajiv; Bhandari, Nita; Dua, Tarun; Abbasi, Farah; Panwar, Vaishali; Nagpal, Sugandhi; Shekhar, Medha; Ghosh, Runa; Kaur, Jasmine; Dube, Brinda (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)Background: In a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 8402 stable low birthweight (LBW) infants, majority being late preterm or term small for gestational age, community-initiated KMC (ciKMC) showed a significant improvement ... -
A comparison of risk factors for cryptosporidiosis and non-cryptosporidiosis diarrhoea: A case-case-control study in Ethiopian children
Johansen, Øystein Haarklau; Abdissa, Alemseged; Zangenberg, Mike; Mekonnen, Zeleke; Eshetu, Beza; Sharew, Bizuwarek; Moyo, Sabrina John; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Langeland, Nina; Robertson, Lucy; Hanevik, Kurt (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Background: Cryptosporidiosis is a major cause of diarrhoea in young children in low-and-middle-income countries. New interventions should be informed by evidence pertaining to risk factors and their relative importance. ... -
Cost-Effectiveness of Peer Counselling for the Promotion of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Uganda
Chola, Lumbwe; Fadnes, Lars Thore; Engebretsen, Ingunn Marie S.; Nkonki, Lungiswa; Nankabirwa, Victoria; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Tumwine, James K.; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Robberstad, Bjarne (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-11-30)Background: Community based breastfeeding promotion programmes have been shown to be effective in increasing breastfeeding prevalence. However, there is limited data on the cost-effectiveness of these programmes in sub-Saharan ... -
Development of an enterotoxigenic Escherichia colivaccine based on the heat-stable toxin
Zegeye, Ephrem Debebe; Govasli Larsen, Morten Andreas; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Puntervoll, Pål (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)Infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of diarrhea-related illness and death among children under 5 years of age in low– and middle-income countries (LMIC). Recent studies have found ... -
Diarrhoeal disease and subsequent risk of death in infants and children residing in low-income and middle-income countries: analysis of the GEMS case-control study and 12-month GEMS-1A follow-on study
Levine, Myron M.; Nasrin, Dilruba; Acácio, Sozinho; Bassat, Quique; Powell, Helen; Tennant, Sharon M.; Sow, Samba O.; Sur, Dipika; Zaidi, Anita K.M.; Faruque, Abu Syed Golam; Hossain, Jahangir; Alonso, Pedro L.; Breiman, Robert F.; O’Reilly, Ciara E.; Mintz, Eric D.; Omore, Richard; Ochieng, John B.; Oundo, Joseph O.; Tamboura, Boubou; Sanogo, Doh; Onwuchekwa, Uma; Manna, Byomkesh; Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan; Kanungo, Suman; Ahmed, Shahnawaz; Qureshi, Shahida; Quadri, Farheen; Hossain, Anowar; Das, Sumon K.; Antonio, Martin; Saha, Debasish; Mandomando, Inacio; Blackwelder, William C.; Farag, Tamer H.; Wu, Yukun; Houpt, Eric R.; Verweiij, Jaco J; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Nataro, James Paul; Robins-Browne, Roy M.; Kotloff, Karen L. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)Background: The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) was a 3-year case-control study that measured the burden, aetiology, and consequences of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea (MSD) in children aged 0–59 months. GEMS-1A, a ... -
Early child stimulation, linear growth and neurodevelopment in low birth weight infants
Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash; Taneja, Sunita; Strand, Tor Arne; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Hysing, Mari; Mazumder, Sarmila; Bhandari, Nita; Martines, Jose Carlos; Dua, Tarun; Kariger, Patricia; Bahl, Rajiv (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Background Children with low birth weight (LBW) are at risk of linear growth faltering and developmental deficits. Evidence suggests that early child stimulation and care reflected as responsive caregiving and opportunities ... -
Early infant feeding practices in three African countries: the PROMISE-EBF trial promoting exclusive breastfeeding by peer counsellors
Engebretsen, Ingunn Marie S.; Nankabirwa, Victoria; Doherty, Tanya Mark; Diallo, Abdoulaye Hama; Nankunda, Jolly; Fadnes, Lars Thore; Ekström, Eva-Charlotte; Ramokolo, Vundli; Meda, Nicolas; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Jackson, Debra; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Tumwine, James K.; For the PROMISE-EBF study group (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-11-18)Background: Immediate and exclusive initiation of breastfeeding after delivery has been associated with better neonatal survival and child health and are recommended by the WHO. We report its impact on early infant feeding ... -
Early versus late BCG vaccination in HIV-1-exposed infants in Uganda: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Nankabirwa, Victoria; Tumwine, James K; Namugga, Olive; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Ndeezi, Grace; Robberstad, Bjarne; Netea, Mihai G.; Sommerfelt, Halvor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-03-31)Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination may have nonspecific effects, i.e., effects on childhood morbidity and mortality that go beyond its effect on the risk of childhood tuberculosis (TB). Though the ... -
Effect of community-initiated kangaroo mother care on breastfeeding performance in low birthweight infants: A randomized clinical trial
Sinha, Bireshwar; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Ashorn, Per; Mazumder, Sarmila; Taneja, Sunita; Bahl, Rajiv; Bhandari, Nita (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)This individually randomized trial was conducted to estimate the effect of promoting community-initiated kangaroo mother care (ciKMC) in low birthweight (LBW) infants on infant breastfeeding performance. It was designed ... -
Effect of Community-Initiated Kangaroo Mother Care on Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Stress among Mothers of Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Sinha, Bireshwar; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Ashorn, Per; Mazumder, Sarmila; Taneja, Sunita; More, Deepak; Bahl, Rajiv; Bhandari, Nita (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Importance Approximately 1 in 5 women in low- and middle-income countries experience postpartum depression, and the risk is higher among mothers of low-birth-weight (LBW) infants. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is effective ... -
Effect of implementation of Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness programme on treatment seeking practices for morbidities in infants: cluster randomised trial
Mazumder, Sarmila; Taneja, Sunita; Bahl, Rajiv; Mohan, Pavitra; Strand, Tor A.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Kirkwood, Betty; Goyal, Nidhi; Van Den Hombergh, Henri; Martines, Jose Carlos; Bhandari, Nita (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-08-29)Objective: To determine the effect of implementation of the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness strategy on treatment seeking practices and on neonatal and infant morbidity. Design: Cluster randomised ... -
Effect of kangaroo mother care initiated in community settings on financial risk protection of low-income households: a randomised controlled trial in Haryana, India
Choudhary, Tarun Shankar; Mazumder, Sarmila; Haaland, Øystein Ariansen; Taneja, Sunita; Bahl, Rajiv; Martines, Jose Carlos; Bahn, Maharaj Kishan; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Bhandari, Nita; Johansson, Kjell Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Introduction Many families in low-income and middle-income countries have high out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPE) for healthcare, and some face impoverishment. We aimed to assess the effect of Kangaroo Mother Care initiated ... -
Effect of withholding breastfeeding on the immune response to a live oral rotavirus vaccine in North Indian infants
Rongsen-Chandola, Temsunaro; Strand, Tor A.; Goyal, Nidhi; Flem, Elmira; Singh Rathore, Sudeep; Arya, Alok; Winje, Brita Askeland; Lazarus, Robin; Shanmugasundaram, Elango; Babji, Sudhir; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Vainio, Kirsti; Kang, Gagandeep; Bhandari, Nita (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-08-11)Interference from transplacental and breast milk antibodies may impede the performance of oral livevaccines. The effect of breastfeeding on the immunogenicity of Rotarix®, a two-dose oral monova-lent rotavirus vaccine, was ... -
Effects of an exclusive breastfeeding intervention for six months on growth patterns of 4–5 year old children in Uganda: the cluster-randomised PROMISE EBF trial
Fadnes, Lars Thore; Nankabirwa, Victoria; Engebretsen, Ingunn Marie S.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Birungi, Nancy; Lombard, Carl; Swanevelder, Sonja; Van den Broeck, Jan; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Tumwine, James K. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016-07-12)Background: Breastfeeding promotion is regarded as one of the most effective interventions to improve child health, and could reduce under-5-mortality by 8 % globally. Few studies have assessed the health outcomes beyond ... -
Effects of complementary feeding on attained height among lower primary school-aged children in Eastern Uganda: A nested prospective cohort study
Malembaka, Espoir Bwenge; Tumwine, James K; Ndeezi, Grace; Engebretsen, Ingunn Marie S.; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Wamani, Henry; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Nankabirwa, Victoria (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-02-07)Background: Despite the fact that Uganda has been a signatory to the global strategy for Infant and Young Children Feeding practices (IYCF) for nearly a decade, the prevalence of stunting among children under five years ...