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dc.contributor.authorWehling, Eike Ines
dc.contributor.authorBless, Josef J
dc.contributor.authorHirnstein, Marco
dc.contributor.authorKråkvik, Bodil
dc.contributor.authorVedul-Kjelsås, Einar
dc.contributor.authorHugdahl, Kenneth
dc.contributor.authorKalhovde, Anne Martha
dc.contributor.authorLarøi, Frank
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-23T08:16:46Z
dc.date.available2021-08-23T08:16:46Z
dc.date.created2021-08-19T12:18:10Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.issn0165-1781
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2770674
dc.description.abstractOlfactory hallucinations referring to olfactory perceptions in the absence of chemical stimuli, occur in non-clinical and clinical populations. Few studies have investigated their prevalence in the general population and little is known about factors triggering and maintaining them such as substance use, severe life events, and mood. We analyzed self-report data from 2500 community dwelling Norwegians, aged 18-96 years, for occurrence of olfactory hallucinations and co-occurring hallucinations in other modalities (auditory, visual, tactile). Analyses included age, sex, self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, mental health status, and experience of severe life-events. The results show that 4.2% (95% CI 3.5-5.1%) reported having experienced olfactory hallucinations, and 56% of individuals experiencing olfactory hallucinations also reported these in combination with hallucinations in other modalities. Prevalence varied significantly in terms of age and sex, in that olfactory hallucinations were most frequently reported by young individuals and females. Self-reported symptoms of anxiety and experience of stressful life events were significantly associated with olfactory hallucinations, suggesting that experiencing olfactory hallucinations may negatively affect functioning and may increase the likelihood of developing psychopathology. Findings underline the need to continue to examine olfactory hallucinations albeit with a more comprehensive assessment in order to increase knowledge on this experience.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleOlfactory hallucinations in a population-based sampleen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2021 The Authorsen_US
dc.source.articlenumber114117en_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114117
dc.identifier.cristin1927266
dc.source.journalPsychiatry Researchen_US
dc.identifier.citationPsychiatry Research. 2021, 304, 114117.en_US
dc.source.volume304en_US


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Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal