dc.contributor.author | Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Riise, Trond | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Cortese, Marianna | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Holmøy, Trygve | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Kampman, Margitta Theodora | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Magalhaes, Sandra | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Myhr, Kjell-Morten | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Wolfson, Christina | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Pugliatti, Maura | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-01-13T14:46:52Z | |
dc.date.available | 2016-01-13T14:46:52Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2015-05-26 | |
dc.Published | Multiple Sclerosis 2016, 22(1):104-111 | eng |
dc.identifier.issn | 1477-0970 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/1956/10945 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Several recent studies have found a higher risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) among people with a low level of education. This has been suggested to reflect an effect of smoking and lower vitamin D status in the social class associated with lower levels of education. Objective: The objective of this paper is to investigate the association between level of education and MS risk adjusting for the known risk factors smoking, infectious mononucleosis, indicators of vitamin D levels and body size. Methods: Within the case-control study on Environmental Factors In MS (EnvIMS), 953 MS patients and 1717 healthy controls from Norway reported educational level and history of exposure to putative environmental risk factors. Results: Higher level of education were associated with decreased MS risk (p trend = 0.001) with an OR of 0.53 (95% CI 0.41–0.68) when comparing those with the highest and lowest level of education. This association was only moderately reduced after adjusting for known risk factors (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44–0.83). The estimates remained similar when cases with disease onset before age 28 were excluded. Conclusion: These findings suggest that factors related to lower socioeconomic status other than established risk factors are associated with MS risk. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | eng | eng |
dc.publisher | SAGE | eng |
dc.relation.ispartof | <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/1956/15702" target="blank">The interplay between environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis</a> | |
dc.rights | Attribution CC BY | eng |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 | eng |
dc.subject | Multiple sclerosis | eng |
dc.subject | education | eng |
dc.subject | Socioeconomic status | eng |
dc.subject | environmental risk factors | eng |
dc.title | Level of education and multiple sclerosis risk after adjustment for known risk factors: The EnvIMS study | en_US |
dc.type | Peer reviewed | |
dc.type | Journal article | |
dc.date.updated | 2015-12-22T13:17:13Z | |
dc.description.version | publishedVersion | en_US |
dc.rights.holder | Copyright The Author(s), 2015 | |
dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458515579444 | |
dc.identifier.cristin | 1303838 | |
dc.subject.nsi | VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700 | en_US |