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dc.contributor.authorJonassen, Marius Opsanger
dc.contributor.authorValisuo, Ilona
dc.contributor.authorVihma, Timo
dc.contributor.authorUotila, Petteri
dc.contributor.authorMakshtas, Alexander, P.
dc.contributor.authorLauniainen, Jouko
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-24T13:00:47Z
dc.date.available2020-06-24T13:00:47Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.PublishedJonassen MO, Valisuo, Vihma T, Uotila P, Makshtas AP, Launiainen. Assessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarctic. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. 2019;124(23):12468-12484eng
dc.identifier.issn2169-9402en_US
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/22943
dc.description.abstractSurface layer and upper‐air in situ observations from two research vessel cruises and an ice station in the Weddell Sea from 1992 and 1996 are used to validate four current atmospheric reanalysis products: ERA‐Interim, CFSR, JRA‐55, and MERRA‐2. Three of the observation data sets were not available for assimilation, providing a rare opportunity to validate the reanalyses in the otherwise datasparse region of the Antarctic against independent data. All four reanalyses produce 2 m temperatures warmer than the observations, and the biases vary from +2.0 K in CFSR to +2.8 K in MERRA‐2. All four reanalyses are generally too warm also higher up in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), with biases up to +1.4 K (ERA‐Interim). Cloud fractions are relatively poorly reproduced by the reanalyses, MERRA‐2 and JRA‐55 having the strongest positive and negative biases of about +30 % and −17 %, respectively. Skill scores of the error statistics reveal that ERA‐Interim compares generally the most favorably against both the surface layer and the upper‐air observations. CFSR compares the second best and JRA‐55 and MERRA‐2 have the least favorable scores. The ABL warm bias is consistent with previous evaluation studies in high latitudes, where more recent observations have been applied. As the amount of observations has varied depending on the decade, season, and region, the consistency of the warm bias suggests a need to improve the modeling systems, including data assimilation as well as ABL and surface parameterizations.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherAGUen_US
dc.rightsAttribution CC BYeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0eng
dc.titleAssessment of Atmospheric Reanalyses With Independent Observations in the Weddell Sea, the Antarcticen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.date.updated2020-02-10T14:44:27Z
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2019 The Author(s)en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030897
dc.identifier.cristin1784077
dc.source.journalJournal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics


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