Browsing Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology by Title
Now showing items 72-91 of 136
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Increased taxon sampling reveals thousands of hidden orthologs in flatworms
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)Gains and losses shape the gene complement of animal lineages and are a fundamental aspect of genomic evolution. Acquiring a comprehensive view of the evolution of gene repertoires is limited by the intrinsic limitations ... -
Insm1-expressing neurons and secretory cells develop from a common pool of progenitors in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Neurons are highly specialized cells present in nearly all animals, but their evolutionary origin and relationship to other cell types are not well understood. We use here the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis as a model ... -
JASPAR, the open access database of transcription factor-binding profiles: new content and tools in the 2008 update
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2007-11-15)JASPAR is a popular open-access database for matrix models describing DNA-binding preferences for transcription factors and other DNA patterns. With its third major release, JASPAR has been expanded and equipped with ... -
Laboratory study of Fritillaria lifecycle reveals key morphogenetic events leading to genus-specific anatomy
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)A fascinating variety of adult body plans can be found in the Tunicates, the closest existing relatives of vertebrates. A distinctive feature of the larvacean class of pelagic tunicates is the presence of a highly specialized ... -
The larval nervous system of the penis worm Priapulus caudatus (Ecdysozoa)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-01)The origin and extreme diversification of the animal nervous system is a central question in biology. While most of the attention has traditionally been paid to those lineages with highly elaborated nervous systems (e.g. ... -
Lim homeobox genes in the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi: the evolution of neural cell type specification
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012-01-13)Background: Nervous systems are thought to be important to the evolutionary success and diversification of metazoans, yet little is known about the origin of simple nervous systems at the base of the animal tree. Recent ... -
The localization of Toll and Imd pathway and complement system components and their response to Vibrio infection in the nemertean Lineus ruber
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Background Innate immunity is the first line of defense against pathogens. In animals, the Toll pathway, the Imd pathway, the complement system, and lectins are well-known mechanisms involved in innate immunity. Although ... -
Loss of activation by GABA in vertebrate delta ionotropic glutamate receptors
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2024)Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediate excitatory signals between cells by binding neurotransmitters and conducting cations across the cell membrane. In the mammalian brain, most of these signals are mediated by ... -
Mesmerize is a dynamically adaptable user-friendly analysis platform for 2D and 3D calcium imaging data
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Calcium imaging is an increasingly valuable technique for understanding neural circuits, neuroethology, and cellular mechanisms. The analysis of calcium imaging data presents challenges in image processing, data organization, ... -
Mesodermal gene expression during the embryonic and larval development of the articulate brachiopod Terebratalia transversa
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-11)Background: Brachiopods undergo radial cleavage, which is distinct from the stereotyped development of closely related spiralian taxa. The mesoderm has been inferred to derive from the archenteron walls following gastrulation, ... -
MicroRNAs and essential components of the microRNA processing machinery are not encoded in the genome of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012-12-20)Background: MicroRNAs play a vital role in the regulation of gene expression and have been identified in every animal with a sequenced genome examined thus far, except for the placozoan Trichoplax. The genomic repertoires ... -
A miniaturized nigrostriatal-like circuit regulating locomotor performance in a protochordate
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)To gain insight into the evolution of motor control systems at the origin of vertebrates, we have investigated higher-order motor circuitry in the protochordate Oikopleura dioica. We have identified a highly miniaturized ... -
Molecular characterization of the apical organ of the anthozoan Nematostella vectensis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-12-03)Apical organs are sensory structures present in many marine invertebrate larvae where they are considered to be involved in their settlement, metamorphosis and locomotion. In bilaterians they are characterised by a tuft ... -
Molecular evidence for a single origin of ultrafiltration-based excretory organs
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Excretion is an essential physiological process, carried out by all living organisms, regardless of their size or complexity.1, 2, 3 Both protostomes (e.g., flies and flatworms) and deuterostomes (e.g., humans and sea ... -
Molecular mechanisms governing development of the hindbrain choroid plexus and auditory projection: A validation of the seminal observations of Wilhelm His
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Studies by His from 1868 to 1904 delineated the critical role of the dorsal roof plate in the development of the hindbrain choroid plexus, and of the rhombic lips in the development of hindbrain auditory centers. Modern ... -
Molecular patterning during the development of Phoronopsis harmeri reveals similarities to rhynchonelliform brachiopods
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Background: Phoronids, rhynchonelliform and linguliform brachiopods show striking similarities in their embryonic fate maps, in particular in their axis specification and regionalization. However, although brachiopod ... -
Molecular regionalization in the compact brain of the meiofaunal annelid Dinophilus gyrociliatus (Dinophilidae)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-30)Background: Annelida is a morphologically diverse animal group that exhibits a remarkable variety in nervous system architecture (e.g., number and location of longitudinal cords, architecture of the brain). Despite this ... -
Morphogenesis underlying the development of the everted teleost telencephalon
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-09-18)Background: Although the mechanisms underlying brain patterning and regionalization are very much conserved, the morphology of different brain regions is extraordinarily variable across vertebrate phylogeny. This is ... -
Morphological investigations of posttraumatic regeneration in Timarete cf. punctata (Annelida: Cirratulidae)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-06)Introduction: Annelids exhibit great regenerative abilities, which are mainly used after injury or during reproduction. These lophotrochozoans thus represent excellent models for regeneration research. However, detailed ... -
Muscle cell-type diversification is driven by bHLH transcription factor expansion and extensive effector gene duplications
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Animals are typically composed of hundreds of different cell types, yet mechanisms underlying the emergence of new cell types remain unclear. Here we address the origin and diversification of muscle cells in the non-bilaterian, ...