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Development of the larval anterior neurogenic domains of Terebratalia transversa (Brachiopoda) provides insights into the diversification of larval apical organs and the spiralian nervous system
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-01-24)Background: Larval features such as the apical organ, apical ciliary tuft, and ciliated bands often complicate the evaluation of hypotheses regarding the origin of the adult bilaterian nervous system. Understanding how ... -
Developmental diversity in free-living flatworms
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012-03-19)Abstract Flatworm embryology has attracted attention since the early beginnings of comparative evolutionary biology. Considered for a long time the most basal bilaterians, the Platyhelminthes (excluding Acoelomorpha) are ... -
The Potent Respiratory System of Osedax mucofloris (Siboglinidae, Annelida) - A Prerequisite for the Origin of Bone-Eating Osedax?
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-04-25)Members of the conspicuous bone-eating genus, Osedax, are widely distributed on whale falls in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. These gutless annelids contain endosymbiotic heterotrophic bacteria in a branching root system ... -
A unified phylogeny-based nomenclature for histone variants
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-06-21)Histone variants are non-allelic protein isoforms that play key roles in diversifying chromatin structure. The known number of such variants has greatly increased in recent years, but the lack of naming conventions for ... -
The Evolving Proteome of a Complex Extracellular Matrix, the Oikopleura House
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-07-05)Extracellular matrices regulate biological processes at the level of cells, tissues, and in some cases, entire multicellular organisms. The subphylum Urochordata exemplifies the latter case, where animals are partially or ... -
Morphogenesis underlying the development of the everted teleost telencephalon
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-09-18)Background: Although the mechanisms underlying brain patterning and regionalization are very much conserved, the morphology of different brain regions is extraordinarily variable across vertebrate phylogeny. This is ... -
MicroRNAs and essential components of the microRNA processing machinery are not encoded in the genome of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012-12-20)Background: MicroRNAs play a vital role in the regulation of gene expression and have been identified in every animal with a sequenced genome examined thus far, except for the placozoan Trichoplax. The genomic repertoires ... -
The cellular and molecular mechanisms of the notochord tubulogenesis in the marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis
(Doctoral thesis, 2013-01-18)The biological tube is the fundamental structural design of most internal organs and body systems. Tubulogenesis involves a series of coordinated cellular processes, failure of any of which can cause severe dysfunctions ... -
Expression of multiple Sox genes through embryonic development in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi is spatially restricted to zones of cell proliferation
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-04-24)Background: The Sox genes, a family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of a high mobility group (HMG) box domain, are among the central groups of developmental regulators in the animal kingdom. They are ... -
Evolution of the Pax-Six-Eya-Dach network: The calcisponge case study
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-06-23)Background: The Pax-Six-Eya-Dach network (PSEDN) is involved in a variety of developmental processes, including well documented roles in determination of sensory organs and morphogenesis in bilaterian animals. Expression ... -
Development and juvenile anatomy of the nemertodermatid Meara stichopi (Bock) Westblad 1949 (Acoelomorpha)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-07-07)Introduction: Nemertodermatida is the sister group of the Acoela, which together form the Acoelomorpha, a taxon that comprises bilaterally symmetric, small aquatic worms. While there are several descriptions of the embryology ... -
Detailed reconstruction of the musculature in Limnognathia maerski (Micrognathozoa) and comparison with other Gnathifera
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-10-01)Introduction: Limnognathia maerski is the single species of the recently described taxon, Micrognathozoa. The most conspicuous character of this animal is the complex set of jaws, which resembles an even more intricate ... -
Calcareous sponge genomes reveal complex evolution of α-carbonic anhydrases and two key biomineralization enzymes
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-11-25)Background: Calcium carbonate biominerals form often complex and beautiful skeletal elements, including coral exoskeletons and mollusc shells. Although the ability to generate these carbonate structures was apparently ... -
Molecular characterization of the apical organ of the anthozoan Nematostella vectensis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-12-03)Apical organs are sensory structures present in many marine invertebrate larvae where they are considered to be involved in their settlement, metamorphosis and locomotion. In bilaterians they are characterised by a tuft ... -
Embryonic expression of endogenous retroviral RNAs in somatic tissues adjacent to the Oikopleura germline
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)Selective pressure to maintain small genome size implies control of transposable elements, and most old classes of retrotransposons are indeed absent from the very compact genome of the tunicate Oikopleura dioica. Nonetheless, ... -
Getting to the bottom of anal evolution
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-27)The digestive tract is an essential organ system that allows animals to efficiently digest food and take up nutrients to maintain growth and sustain the body. While some animal groups possess a sack-like gut, others possess ... -
Nuclear genomic signals of the “microturbellarian” roots of platyhelminth evolutionary innovation
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-12)Flatworms number among the most diverse invertebrate phyla and represent the most biomedically significant branch of the major bilaterian clade Spiralia, but to date, deep evolutionary relationships within this group have ... -
Mesodermal gene expression during the embryonic and larval development of the articulate brachiopod Terebratalia transversa
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-11)Background: Brachiopods undergo radial cleavage, which is distinct from the stereotyped development of closely related spiralian taxa. The mesoderm has been inferred to derive from the archenteron walls following gastrulation, ... -
The study of Priapulus caudatus reveals conserved molecular patterning underlying different gut morphogenesis in the Ecdysozoa
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-21)Background The digestive systems of animals can become highly specialized in response to their exploration and occupation of new ecological niches. Although studies on different animals have revealed commonalities in gut ... -
Morphological investigations of posttraumatic regeneration in Timarete cf. punctata (Annelida: Cirratulidae)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-06)Introduction: Annelids exhibit great regenerative abilities, which are mainly used after injury or during reproduction. These lophotrochozoans thus represent excellent models for regeneration research. However, detailed ...