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dc.contributor.authorWibrand, Karinen_US
dc.contributor.authorPai, Balagopalen_US
dc.contributor.authorSiripornmongcolchai, Taweepornen_US
dc.contributor.authorBittins, Margaretheen_US
dc.contributor.authorBerentsen, Birgitteen_US
dc.contributor.authorOfte, May Lillianen_US
dc.contributor.authorWeigel, Arweden_US
dc.contributor.authorSkaftnesmo, Kai Oveen_US
dc.contributor.authorBramham, Clive R.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2013-04-10T07:56:01Z
dc.date.available2013-04-10T07:56:01Z
dc.date.issued2012-07-26eng
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/6496
dc.description.abstractExpression of activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein (Arc) is crucial for diverse types of experience-dependent synaptic plasticity and long-term memory in mammals. However, the mechanisms governing Arc-specific translation are little understood. Here, we asked whether Arc translation is regulated by microRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis predicted numerous candidate miRNA binding sites within the Arc 3′-untranslated region (UTR). Transfection of the corresponding microRNAs in human embryonic kidney cells inhibited expression of an Arc 3′UTR luciferase reporter from between 10 to 70% across 16 microRNAs tested. Point mutation and deletion of the microRNA-binding seed-region for miR-34a, miR-326, and miR-19a partially or fully rescued reporter expression. In addition, expression of specific microRNA pairs synergistically modulated Arc reporter expression. In primary rat hippocampal neuronal cultures, ectopic expression of miR-34a, miR-193a, or miR-326, downregulated endogenous Arc protein expression in response to BDNF treatment. Conversely, treatment of neurons with cell-penetrating, peptide nucleic acid (PNA) inhibitors of miR-326 enhanced Arc mRNA expression. BDNF dramatically upregulated neuronal expression of Arc mRNA and miR-132, a known BDNF-induced miRNA, without affecting expression of Arc-targeting miRNAs. Developmentally, miR-132 was upregulated at day 10 in vitro whereas Arc-targeting miRNAs were downregulated. In the adult brain, LTP induction in the dentate gyrus triggered massive upregulation of Arc and upregulation of miR-132 without affecting levels of mature Arc-targeting miRNAs. Turning to examine miRNA localization, qPCR analysis of dentate gyrus synaptoneurosome and total lysates fractions demonstrated synaptic enrichment relative to small nucleolar RNA. In conclusion, we find that Arc is regulated by multiple miRNAs and modulated by specific miRNA pairs in vitro. Furthermore, we show that, in contrast to miR-132, steady state levels of Arc-targeting miRNAs do not change in response to activity-dependent expression of Arc in hippocampal neurons in vitro or during LTP in vivo.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherPLoSeng
dc.rightsAttribution CC BYeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/eng
dc.titleMicroRNA Regulation of the Synaptic Plasticity-Related Gene Arcen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2012 Wibrand et al.
dc.source.articlenumbere41688
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041688
dc.identifier.cristin964588
dc.source.journalPLoS ONE
dc.source.407
dc.source.147


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