• Extending balance assessment for the generalized propensity score under multiple imputation 

      Frank, Anna-Simone; Matteson, David S.; Solvang, Hiroko Kato; Lupattelli, Angela; Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      This manuscript extends the definition of the Absolute Standardized Mean Difference (ASMD) for binary exposure (M = 2) to cases for M > 2 on multiple imputed data sets. The Maximal Maximized Standardized Difference (MMSD) ...
    • Extending local magnitude ML to short distances 

      Luckett, Richard; Ottemöller, Lars; Butcher, Antony; Baptie, Brian (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      Local magnitudes calculated at stations less than 10 km from earthquakes in the British Isles are up to one unit of magnitude higher than local magnitudes calculated at more distant stations. This causes a considerable ...
    • Extending Whitney's extension theorem: nonlinear function spaces 

      Roberts, David M.; Schmeding, Alexander (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      We consider a global, nonlinear version of the Whitney extension problem for manifold-valued smooth functions on closed domains , with non-smooth boundary, in possibly non-compact manifolds. Assuming is a submanifold with ...
    • Extension of the hard-sphere model for particle-flow simulations 

      Kosinski, Pawel Jan; Balakin, Boris; Kosinska, Anna Dorota (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Discrete element methods require appropriate models for particle-particle collisions. Usually, researchers use soft-sphere types of models where the collision dynamics is solved numerically. This makes the simulation ...
    • Extensional inheritance and surface processes as controlling factors of mountain belt structure 

      Erdős, Zoltán; Huismans, Ritske S.; van der Beek, Peter; Thieulot, Cedric (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-12)
      Surface processes and inherited structures are widely regarded as factors that strongly influence the evolution of mountain belts. The first-order effects of these parameters have been studied extensively throughout the ...
    • Extensions in graph normal form 

      Walicki, Michal (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Graph normal form, introduced earlier for propositional logic, is shown to be a normal form also for first-order logic. It allows to view syntax of theories as digraphs, while their semantics as kernels of these digraphs. ...
    • An extensive common‐garden study with domesticated and wild Atlantic salmon in the wild reveals impact on smolt production and shifts in fitness traits 

      Skaala, Øystein; Besnier, Francois; Borgstrøm, Reidar; Barlaup, Bjørn Torgeir; Sørvik, Anne Grete Eide; Normann, Eirik; Østebø, Britt Iren; Hansen, Michael Møller; Glover, Kevin (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-02-19)
      Interactions between domesticated escapees and wild conspecifics represent a threat to the genetic integrity and fitness of native populations. For Atlantic salmon, the recurrent presence of large numbers of domesticated ...
    • Extensive intraspecies cryptic variation in an ancient embryonic gene regulatory network 

      Torres Cleuren, Yamila Nicole; Ewe, Chee Kiang; Chipman, Kyle C; Mears, Emily R; Wood, Cricket G; Al-Alami, Coco Emma Alma; Alcorn, Melissa R; Turner, Thomas L; Joshi, Pradeep M; Snell, Russell G; Rothman, Joel H (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-08-15)
      Innovations in metazoan development arise from evolutionary modification of gene regulatory networks (GRNs). We report widespread cryptic variation in the requirement for two key regulatory inputs, SKN-1/Nrf2 and MOM-2/Wnt, ...
    • Extent and Volume of Lava Flows Erupted at 9°50′N, East Pacific Rise in 2005–2006 From Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Surveys 

      Wu, Jyun-Nai; Parnell-Turner, Ross; Fornari, Daniel J.; Kurras, Gregory; Berrios-Rivera, Natalia; Barreyre, Thibaut; McDermott, Jill M. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Seafloor volcanic eruptions are difficult to directly observe due to lengthy eruption cycles and the remote location of mid-ocean ridges. Volcanic eruptions in 2005–2006 at 9°50′N on the East Pacific Rise have been well ...
    • Extra Dimensions at Particle Colliders 

      Dvergsnes, Erik Wolden (Doctoral thesis, 2004-11-05)
    • Extra-pair mating and evolution of cooperative neighbourhoods 

      Eliassen, Sigrunn; Jørgensen, Christian (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-07-02)
      A striking but unexplained pattern in biology is the promiscuous mating behaviour in socially monogamous species. Although females commonly solicit extra-pair copulations, the adaptive reason has remained elusive. We use ...
    • Extra-pair paternity explains cooperation in a bird species 

      Krams, Indrikis A.; Mennerat, Adele; Krama, Tatjana; Krams, Ronalds; Joers, Priit; Elferts, Didzis; Luoto, Severi; Rantala, Markus J.; Eliassen, Sigrunn (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      In many social animals, females mate with multiple males, but the adaptive value of female extra-pair mating is not fully understood. Here, we tested whether male pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) engaging in extra-pair ...
    • Extracting Rules from Neural Networks with Partial Interpretations 

      Persia, Cosimo Damiano; Ozaki, Ana (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      We investigate the problem of extracting rules, expressed in Horn logic, from neural network models. Our work is based on the exact learning model, in which a learner interacts with a teacher (the neural network model) via ...
    • Extracting single target information from a simple echo sounder mounted on a drifting fish aggregating device (FAD) 

      Damptey-Boakye, Albert (Master thesis, 2015-06-29)
      Fish aggregating devices (FADs) are widely used by purse seiners in the tropical tuna fisheries. Many species of fish including juvenile tuna often associate with these FADS. There are global decline in tuna catch largely ...
    • Extracting statistical parameters of extreme precipitation from a NWP model 

      Eliasson, J.; Rögnvaldsson, Ólafur; Jónsson, T. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-11-25)
      Precipitation simulations on an 8×8 km grid using the PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Model MM5 are used to estimate the M5 and Ci statistical parameters in order to support the M5 map used for flood estimates by Icelandic engineers. ...
    • Extraction of form factors from a four-dimensional angular analysis of ¯B→D∗ℓ−¯νℓ 

      Lees, Jean-Pierre; Poireau, Vincent; Tisserand, Vincent; Grauges, Eugeni; Palano, Antimo; Eigen, Gerald; Brown, David Nathan; Kolomensky, Yury G.; Fritsch, Miriam; Koch, Helmut; Schroeder, Torsten; Hearty, Christopher; Mattison, Tom S.; McKenna, Janis A.; So, Rocky Y.; Blinov, Vladimir E.; Buzykaev, Alexey; Druzhinin, Vladimir P.; Golubev, Vladimir B.; Kozyrev, Evgeny A.; Kravchenko, Evgeniy A.; Onuchin, Alexei P.; Serednyakov, Sergey I.; Skovpen, Yuri I.; Solodov, Evgeni Petrovich; Todyshev, Korneliy Yu.; Lankford, Andrew J.; Dey, Biplab; Gary, J. William; Long, Owen; Eisner, Alan M.; Lockman, William S.; Panduro-Vazquez, William; Chao, Daniel S.; Cheng, Chih-Hsiang; Echenard, Bertrand; Flood, Kevin T.; Hitlin, David G.; Kim, Jae; Lee, Myeongjae; Miyashita, Tomonari S.; Ongmongkolkul, Piti; Porter, Frank C.; Röhrken, Markus; Huard, Zachary; Meadows, Brian T.; Pushpawela, Buddhi G.; Sokoloff, Michael D.; Sun, Liang; Smith, Jim G.; BABAR, Collaboration (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-30)
      An angular analysis of the decay ¯B→D∗ℓ−¯νℓ, ℓ∈{e,μ}, is reported using the full e+e−collision data set collected by the BABAR experiment at the Υ(4S) resonance. One B meson from the Υ(4S)→B¯B decay is fully reconstructed ...
    • The extreme Arctic warm anomaly in November 2020 

      Fan, Qiyao; Xu, Xinping; He, Shengping; Zhou, Botao (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      In November 2020, the eastern Arctic experienced an extensive extreme warm anomaly (i.e., the second strongest case since 1979), which was followed by extreme cold conditions over East Asia in early winter. The observed ...
    • Extreme Event Statistics in Dst, SYM-H, and SMR Geomagnetic Indices 

      Bergin, A.; Chapman, Sandra; Watkins, N.W.; Moloney, N.R.; Gjerløv, Jesper (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Extreme space weather events are rare, and quantifying their likelihood is challenging, often relying on geomagnetic indices obtained from ground-based magnetometer observations that span multiple solar cycles. The Dst ...
    • Extreme precipitation in Central Norway. A case and climate study 

      Steensen, Birthe Marie Rødssæteren (Master thesis, 2010-06-01)
      An extreme precipitation event occurred over Central Norway at the end of January to the beginning of February 2006. The heavy precipitation in addition to high temperatures lead to snow melt and increased run-off, which ...