• Overview of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) and key climate response of CMIP6 DECK, historical, and scenario simulations 

      Seland, Øyvind; Bentsen, Mats; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Toniazzo, Thomas; Gjermundsen, Ada; Graff, Lise Seland; Debernard, Jens Boldingh; Gupta, Alok Kumar; He, Yan-Chun; Kirkevåg, Alf; Schwinger, Jörg; Tjiputra, Jerry; Aas, Kjetil Schanke; Bethke, Ingo; Fan, Yuanchao; Griesfeller, Jan; Grini, Alf; Guo, Chuncheng; Ilicak, Mehmet; Karset, Inger Helene H.; Landgren, Oskar Andreas; Liakka, Johan; Moseid, Kine Onsum; Nummelin, Aleksi; Spensberger, Clemens; Tang, Hui; Zhang, Zhongshi; Heinze, Christoph; Iversen, Trond; Schulz, Michael (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020-12)
      The second version of the coupled Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) is presented and evaluated. NorESM2 is based on the second version of the Community Earth System Model (CESM2) and shares with CESM2 the computer ...
    • Overview of the PALM model system 6.0 

      Maronga, Bjørn; Banzhaf, Sabine; Burmeister, Cornelia; Esch, Thomas; Forkel, Renate; Fröhlich, Dominik; Fuka, Vladimir; Gehrke, Katrin Frieda; Geletič, Jan; Giersch, Sebastian; Gronemeier, Tobias; Groß, Günter; Heldens, Wieke; Hellsten, Antti; Hoffmann, Fabian; Inagaki, Atsushi; Kadasch, Eckhard; Kanani-Sühring, Farah; Ketelsen, Klaus; Ali Khan, Basit; Knigge, Christoph; Knoop, Helge; Krč, Pavel; Kurppa, Mona; Maamari, Halim; Matzarakis, Andreas; Mauder, Matthias; Pallasch, Matthias; Pavlik, Dirk; Pfafferott, Jens; Resler, Jaroslav; Rissmann, Sascha; Russo, Emmanuele; Salim, Mohamed; Schrempf, Michael; Schwenkel, Johannes; Seckmeyer, Gunther; Schubert, Sebastian; Sühring, Matthias; von Tils, Robert; Vollmer, Lukas; Ward, Simon; Witha, Björn; Wurps, Hauke; Zeidler, Julian; Raasch, Siegfried (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      In this paper, we describe the PALM model system 6.0. PALM (formerly an abbreviation for Parallelized Large-eddy Simulation Model and now an independent name) is a Fortran-based code and has been applied for studying a ...
    • Ozone-induced climate change propped up by the Southern Hemisphere oceanic front 

      Ogawa, Fumiaki; Omrani, Nour-Eddine; Nishii, Kazuaki; Nakamura, Hisashi; Keenlyside, Noel (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-11-23)
      The late twentieth century was marked by a significant summertime trend in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), the dominant mode of tropospheric variability in the extratropical Southern Hemisphere (SH). This trend with ...
    • Pacific circulation response to eastern Arctic sea ice reduction in seasonal forecast simulations 

      Seidenglanz, Anne; Athanasiadis, Panos J.; Ruggieri, Paolo; Cvijanovic, Ivana; Li, Camille; Gualdi, Silvio (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Recent studies point to the sensitivity of mid-latitude winter climate to Arctic sea ice variability. However, there remain contradictory results in terms of character and timing of Northern Hemisphere large-scale circulation ...
    • Pacific contribution to decadal surface temperature trends in the Arctic during the twentieth century 

      Svendsen, Lea; Keenlyside, Noel; Muilwijk, Morven; Bethke, Ingo; Omrani, Nour-Eddine; Gao, Yongqi (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Instrumental records suggest multidecadal variability in Arctic surface temperature throughout the twentieth century. This variability is caused by a combination of external forcing and internal variability, but their ...
    • Pacific contribution to the early twentieth-century warming in the Arctic 

      Svendsen, Lea; Keenlyside, Noel; Bethke, Ingo; Gao, Yongqi; Omrani, Nour-Eddine (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Arctic surface temperature warmed more than twice as fast as global temperature during the early twentieth century, similar to that during the recent global warming. This Arctic warming has been attributed to both external ...
    • Pacific oceanic front amplifies the impact of Atlantic oceanic front on North Atlantic blocking 

      Cheung, Ho Nam; Omrani, Nour-Eddine; Ogawa, Fumiaki; Keenlyside, Noel Sebastian; Nakamura, Hisashi; Zhou, Wen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Atmospheric blocking is a crucial driver of extreme weather events, but its climatological frequency is largely underestimated in state-of-the-art climate models, especially around the North Atlantic. While air-sea interaction ...
    • Pan-Atlantic decadal climate oscillation linked to ocean circulation 

      Nnamchi, Hyacinth C.; Farneti, Riccardo; Keenlyside, Noel Sebastian; Kucharski, Fred; Latif, Mojib; Reintges, Annika; Martin, Thomas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Atlantic climate displays an oscillatory mode at a period of 10–15 years described as pan-Atlantic decadal oscillation. Prevailing theories on the mode are based on thermodynamic air-sea interactions and the role of ocean ...
    • Parameterization of drag and dissolution of rising CO2 drops in seawater 

      Gangstø, Reidun; Haugan, Peter Mosby; Alendal, Guttorm (Journal article, 2005-05-24)
      In this work the dynamics and dissolution of a hydratecovered CO2 drop were studied, using a numeric model and data from one of very few CO2 experiments performed in the real ocean. A theory including the standard drag ...
    • Particle aggregation at the edges of anticyclonic eddies and implications for distribution of biomass 

      Samuelsen, Annette; Hjøllo, Solfrid Sætre; Johannessen, Johnny Andre; Patel, Ruben (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-06-14)
      Acoustic measurements show that the biomass of zooplankton and mesopelagic fish is redistributed by mesoscale variability and that the signal extends over several hundred meters depth. The mechanisms governing this ...
    • Past climate variability: model analysis and proxy intercomparison 

      Pausata, Francesco S. R. (Doctoral thesis, 2010-10-22)
      This thesis investigates the climate variability of the late Quaternary (21 000 yrs BP to present day) using model simulations and proxy data. The thesis consists of four manuscripts and one appendix. In the first two ...
    • Pathways and export of Greenland Sea Water. In: The Nordic Seas: an integrated perspective 

      Eldevik, Tor; Straneo, Fiammetta; Sandø, Anne Britt; Furevik, Tore (Geophysical Monograph Series;158, Chapter, 2005)
    • Pathways and Water Mass Transformation Along and Across the Mohn‐Knipovich Ridge in the Nordic Seas 

      Ypma, Stefanie; Georgiou, S.; Dugstad, Johannes Sandanger; Pietrzak, J.D.; Katsman, C.A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Atlantic Water takes various pathways through the Nordic Seas, and its transformation to denser waters forms a crucial connection to the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Circulation maps often ...
    • Peak-summer energy and carbon fluxes on a thawing permafrost site 

      Slettebø, Isak Haldorsson (Master thesis, 2018-12-13)
      We present measurements of surface fluxes taken between 7 July and 6 August 2017, on a palsa mire near the Iškoras mountain in Finnmark, northern Norway. Palsa mires are a particular landform found at the edge of the ...
    • Permeability of young sea ice from microtomographic images 

      Büttner, Juliane (Master thesis, 2011-02)
      The permeability of sea ice controls the transport of substances through the ice and thereby its surface properties as well as the exchange of heat, salt and gas between ice, ocean and atmosphere. More observations and ...
    • Perturbation in the atmospheric acoustic field from a large offshore wind farm in the presence of surface gravity waves 

      Paskyabi, Mostafa Bakhoday (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013)
      In this study a quantitatively reliable approximation of atmospheric sound wave propagation is given in the presence of a large wind farm. Rough sea surface is used as lower boundary condition at the sea surface, and an ...
    • Physical processes of summer extreme rainfall interannual variability in eastern China: Part I—observational analysis 

      Tian, Fangxing; Li, Sihan; Dong, Buwen; Klingaman, Nicholas P.; Freychet, Nicolas; Sparrow, Sarah (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Extreme precipitation can have catastrophic effects in China by triggering floods, landslides, and other natural disasters. We measure extreme precipitation over eastern China by the maximum of five-day precipitation amount ...
    • Physical-Biogeochemical Couplings in the Land-Ocean Transition Zone 

      Nissen, Cara (Master thesis, 2014-06-03)
      A significant fraction of global primary production takes place on continental shelves. Due to their interactions with the open oceans, they are highly relevant for the cycling of nutrients, oxygen, and carbon, not only ...
    • Phytoplankton abundance in the Barents Sea is predictable up to five years in advance 

      Fransner, Sara Filippa Krusmynta; Olsen, Are; Årthun, Marius; Counillon, Francois Stephane; Tjiputra, Jerry; Samuelsen, Annette; Keenlyside, Noel Sebastian (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      The Barents Sea is a highly biologically productive Arctic shelf sea with several commercially important fish stocks. Interannual-to-decadal predictions of its ecosystem would therefore be valuable for marine resource ...
    • Polar low le Cygne: Satellite observations and numerical simulations 

      Claud, Chantal; Heinemann, Guenther; Raustein, Elmer; McMurdie, Lynn (Journal article, 2004)
      A polar low (PL) which occurred in October 1993 over the Norwegian Sea is investigated from an observational and a numerical point of view. This PL has several unique features: it developed early in the season, it lasted ...