• Eurasian Cooling Linked to the Vertical Distribution of Arctic Warming 

      He, Shengping; Xu, Xinping; Furevik, Tore; Gao, Yongqi (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Observations show that deep Arctic winter warming, extending from surface to mid‐troposphere, has concurred with below‐average temperature over central Eurasia. Modeling studies focusing on the response to Arctic sea ice ...
    • The European Climate Research Alliance (ECRA): Collaboration from bottom-up 

      Hoke, Winfried; Swierczynski, Tina; Braesicke, Peter; Lochte, Karin; Shaffrey, Len; Drews, Martin; Gregow, Hilppa; Ludwig, Ralf; Nilsen, Jan Even Øie; Palazzi, Elisa; Sannino, Gianmaria; Smedsrud, Lars H. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-01-17)
      The European Climate Research Alliance (ECRA) is an association of leading European research institutions in the field of climate research (http://www.ecra-climate.eu/, last access: 6 December 2018). ECRA is a bottom-up ...
    • The European gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer satellite mission: its impact on geophysics 

      Johannessen, Johnny A.; Balmino, G.; Le Provost, Christian; Rummel, R.; Sabadini, R.; Sünkel, H.; Tscherning, C. C.; Visser, P.; Woodworth, Philip; Hughes, C. W.; Le Grand, Pascal; Sneeuw, N.; Perosanz, F.; Aguirre-Martinez, M.; Rebhan, Helge; Drinkwater, M. R. (Journal article, 2003-07)
      Current knowledge of the Earth’s gravity field and its geoid, as derived from various observing techniques and sources, is incomplete. Within a reasonable time, substantial improvement will come by exploiting new approaches ...
    • Evaluating Impacts of Recent Arctic Sea Ice Loss on the Northern Hemisphere Winter Climate Change 

      Ogawa, Fumiaki; Keenlyside, Noel; Gao, Yongqi; Koenigk, Torben; Yang, Shuting; Suo, Lingling; Wang, Tao; Gastineau, Guillaume; Nakamura, Tetsu; Cheung, Ho Nam; Omrani, Nour-Eddine; Ukita, Jinro; Semenov, Vladimir (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Wide disagreement among individual modeling studies has contributed to a debate on the role of recent sea ice loss in the Arctic amplification of global warming and the Siberian wintertime cooling trend. We perform coordinated ...
    • Evaluating the biological pump efficiency of the Last Glacial Maximum ocean using δ13C 

      Morée, Anne; Schwinger, Jörg; Ninnemann, Ulysses S; Jeltsch-Thommes, Aurich; Bethke, Ingo; Heinze, Christoph (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Although both physical and biological marine changes are required to explain the 100 ppm lower atmospheric pCO2 of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼21 ka) as compared to preindustrial (PI) times, their exact contributions ...
    • Evaluating the leeway coefficient of ocean drifters using operational marine environmental prediction systems 

      Sutherland, Graig; Soontiens, Nancy; Davidson, Fraser; Smith, Gregory C.; Bernier, Natacha; Blanken, Hauke; Schillinger, Douglas; Marcotte, Guillaume; Röhrs, Johannes; Dagestad, Knut-Frode; Christensen, Kai Håkon; Breivik, Øyvind (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      The water following characteristics of six different drifter types are investigated using two different operational marine environmental prediction systems: one produced by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) and ...
    • Evaluating two numerical advection schemes in HYCOM for eddy-resolving modelling of the Agulhas Current 

      Backeberg, Bjørn C.; Bertino, Laurent; Johannessen, Johnny A. (Ocean Science, Journal article, 2009-06-02)
      A 4th order advection scheme is applied in a nested eddy-resolving Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) of the greater Agulhas Current system for the purpose of testing advanced numerics as a means for improving the model ...
    • Evaluation of a sub-kilometre NWP system in an Arctic fjord-valley system in winter 

      Valkonen, Teresa Maaria; Stoll, Patrick; Batrak, Yurii; Køltzow, Morten Andreas Ødegaard; Schneider, Thea Maria; Stigter, Emmy E.; Aashamar, Ola B.; Støylen, Eivind; Jonassen, Marius Opsanger (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Terrain challenges the prediction of near-surface atmospheric conditions, even in kilometre-scale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. In this study, the ALADIN-HIRLAM NWP system with 0.5 km horizontal grid spacing ...
    • Evaluation of different wind fields for the investigation of the dynamic response of offshore wind turbines 

      Nybø, Astrid; Nielsen, Finn Gunnar; Reuder, Joachim; Godvik, Marte; Churchfield, Matthew J. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      As the size of offshore wind turbines increases, a realistic representation of the spatiotemporal distribution of the incident wind field becomes crucial for modeling the dynamic response of the turbine. The International ...
    • Evaluation of Gaussian wake models under different atmospheric stability conditions: Comparison with large eddy simulation results 

      Krutova, Maria; Bakhoday Paskyabi, Mostafa; Reuder, Joachim; Nielsen, Finn Gunnar (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      The calculation of the velocity deficit in the wake of individual wind turbines is a fundamental part of the wind farm analysis. A good approximation of the wake deficit behind a single wind turbine will improve the power ...
    • Evaluation of ocean dimethylsulfide concentration and emission in CMIP6 models 

      Bock, Josué; Michou, Martine; Nabat, Pierre; Abe, Manabu; Mulcahy, Jane P.; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Schwinger, Jörg; Suntharalingam, Parvadha; Tjiputra, Jerry; van Hulten, Marco Marinus Peter; Watanabe, Michio; Yool, Andrew; Séférian, Roland (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Characteristics and trends of surface ocean dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentrations and fluxes into the atmosphere of four Earth system models (ESMs: CNRM-ESM2-1, MIROC-ES2L, NorESM2-LM, and UKESM1-0-LL) are analysed over the ...
    • An evaluation of surface meteorology and fluxes over the Iceland and Greenland Seas in ERA5 reanalysis: The impact of sea ice distribution 

      Renfrew, Ian A.; Barrell, C.; Elvidge, A.D.; Brooke, J.K.; Duscha, Christiane; King, J.C.; Kristiansen, Jørn; Cope, T. Lachlan; Moore, George William Kent; Pickart, Robert S.; Reuder, Joachim; Sandu, I.; Sergeev, Denis; Terpstra, Annick; Våge, Kjetil; Weiss, A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The Iceland and Greenland Seas are a crucial region for the climate system, being the headwaters of the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Investigating the atmosphere–ocean–ice processes in ...
    • Evaluation of Temperature-Dependent Complex Refractive Indices of Supercooled Liquid Water Using Downwelling Radiance and In-Situ Cloud Measurements at South Pole 

      Rowe, Penny M.; Walden, Von P.; Brandt, Richard E.; Town, Michael Stephen; Hudson, Stephen; Neshyba, Steven (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Clouds have a large effect on the radiation budget and represent a major source of uncertainty in climate models. Supercooled liquid clouds can exist at temperatures as low as 235 K, and the radiative effect of these clouds ...
    • Evaluation of the dynamic core of the PALM model system 6.0 in a neutrally stratified urban environment: comparison between LES and wind-tunnel experiments 

      Gronemeier, Tobias; Surm, Kerstin; Harms, Frank; Leitl, Bernd; Maronga, Bjørn; Raasch, Siegfried (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      We demonstrate the capability of the PALM model system version 6.0 to simulate neutrally stratified urban boundary layers. Our simulation uses the real-world building configuration of the HafenCity area in Hamburg, Germany. ...
    • An Evaluation of the EnKF vs. EnOI and the Assimilation of SMAP, SMOS and ESA CCI Soil Moisture Data over the Contiguous US 

      Blyverket, Jostein; Hamer, Paul David; Bertino, Laurent; Albergel, Clement; Fairbairn, David; Lahoz, William A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-02-26)
      A number of studies have shown that assimilation of satellite derived soil moisture using the ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) can improve soil moisture estimates, particularly for the surface zone. However, the EnKF is ...
    • An evaluation of the performance of sea ice thickness forecasts to support arctic marine transport 

      Bilge, Tarkan A.; Fournier, Nicolas; Mignac, Davi; Hume-Wright, Laura; Bertino, Laurent; Williams, Timothy; Tietsche, Steffen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      In response to declining sea ice cover, human activity in the Arctic is increasing, with access to the Arctic Ocean becoming more important for socio-economic reasons. Accurate knowledge of sea ice conditions is therefore ...
    • Evaluation of three numerical weather prediction models for the Weddell Sea region for the Austral winter 2013 

      Jonassen, Marius Opsanger; Nygård, Tiina; Vihma, Timo Pekka (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      It is widely recognized that numerical weather prediction (NWP) results for the Antarctic are relatively poor compared to the mid-latitudes. In this study, we evaluate output from three operational NWP systems: the ECMWF, ...
    • Evidence of Isotopic Fractionation During Vapor Exchange Between the Atmosphere and the Snow Surface in Greenland 

      Madsen, M.V.; Steen‐Larsen, H.C.; Hörhold, M.; Box, J.; Berben, Sarah Miche Patricia; Capron, E.; Faber, Anne-Katrine; Hubbard, Alun Lloyd; Jensen, Mari Fjalstad; Jones, T.R.; Kipfstuhl, S.; Koldtoft, I.; Pillar, H.R.; Vaughn, B.H.; Vladimirova, D.; Dahl‐Jensen, D. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-03)
      Several recent studies from both Greenland and Antarctica have reported significant changes in the water isotopic composition of near‐surface snow between precipitation events. These changes have been linked to isotopic ...
    • Evolution and Transformation of the North Icelandic Irminger Current Along the North Iceland Shelf 

      Semper, Stefanie; Våge, Kjetil; Pickart, Robert S.; Jónsson, Steingrímur; Valdimarsson, Hedinn (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      The North Icelandic Irminger Current (NIIC) flowing northward through Denmark Strait is the main source of salt and heat to the north Iceland shelf. We quantify its along-stream evolution using the first high-resolution ...
    • Evolving and sustaining ocean best practices and standards for the next decade 

      Pearlman, Jay; Bushnell, Mark; Coppola, Laurent; Karstensen, Johannes; Buttigieg, Pier Luigi; Pearlman, Françoise; Simpson, Pauline; Barbier, Michele; Muller-Karger, Frank Edgar; Munoz-Mas, Cristian; Pissierssens, Peter; Chandler, Cyndy; Hermes, Juliet; Heslop, Emma; Jenkyns, Reyna; Achterberg, Eric P.; Bensi, Manuel; Bittig, Henry C.; Blandin, Jerome; Bosch, Julie; Bourles, Bernard; Bozzano, Roberto; Buck, Justin J.H.; Burger, Eugene F.; Cano, Daniel; Cardin, Vanessa; Llorens, Miguel Charcos; Cianca, Andres; Chen, Hua; Cusack, Caroline; Delory, Eric; Garello, Rene; Giovanetti, Gabriele; Harscoat, Valerie; Hartman, Susan; Heitsenrether, Robert; Jirka, Simon; Lara-Lopez, Ana Ligia; Lanteri, Nadine; Leadbetter, Adam; Manzella, Giuseppe; Maso, Joan; McCurdy, Andrea; Moussat, Eric; Ntoumas, Manolis; Pensieri, Sara; Petihakis, George; Pinardi, Nadia; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Przeslawski, Rachel; Roden, Nicholas; Silke, Joe; Tamburri, Mario N.; Tang, Hairong; Tanhua, Toste; Telszewski, Maciej; Testor, Pierre; Thomas, Julie; Waldmann, Christoph; Whoriskey, Fred (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-06-04)
      The oceans play a key role in global issues such as climate change, food security, and human health. Given their vast dimensions and internal complexity, efficient monitoring and predicting of the planet’s ocean must be a ...