• Evaluation of Gaussian wake models under different atmospheric stability conditions: Comparison with large eddy simulation results 

      Krutova, Maria; Bakhoday Paskyabi, Mostafa; Reuder, Joachim; Nielsen, Finn Gunnar (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      The calculation of the velocity deficit in the wake of individual wind turbines is a fundamental part of the wind farm analysis. A good approximation of the wake deficit behind a single wind turbine will improve the power ...
    • Evaluation of ocean dimethylsulfide concentration and emission in CMIP6 models 

      Bock, Josué; Michou, Martine; Nabat, Pierre; Abe, Manabu; Mulcahy, Jane P.; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Schwinger, Jörg; Suntharalingam, Parvadha; Tjiputra, Jerry; van Hulten, Marco Marinus Peter; Watanabe, Michio; Yool, Andrew; Séférian, Roland (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Characteristics and trends of surface ocean dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentrations and fluxes into the atmosphere of four Earth system models (ESMs: CNRM-ESM2-1, MIROC-ES2L, NorESM2-LM, and UKESM1-0-LL) are analysed over the ...
    • An evaluation of surface meteorology and fluxes over the Iceland and Greenland Seas in ERA5 reanalysis: The impact of sea ice distribution 

      Renfrew, Ian A.; Barrell, C.; Elvidge, A.D.; Brooke, J.K.; Duscha, Christiane; King, J.C.; Kristiansen, Jørn; Cope, T. Lachlan; Moore, George William Kent; Pickart, Robert S.; Reuder, Joachim; Sandu, I.; Sergeev, Denis; Terpstra, Annick; Våge, Kjetil; Weiss, A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The Iceland and Greenland Seas are a crucial region for the climate system, being the headwaters of the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Investigating the atmosphere–ocean–ice processes in ...
    • Evaluation of Temperature-Dependent Complex Refractive Indices of Supercooled Liquid Water Using Downwelling Radiance and In-Situ Cloud Measurements at South Pole 

      Rowe, Penny M.; Walden, Von P.; Brandt, Richard E.; Town, Michael Stephen; Hudson, Stephen; Neshyba, Steven (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Clouds have a large effect on the radiation budget and represent a major source of uncertainty in climate models. Supercooled liquid clouds can exist at temperatures as low as 235 K, and the radiative effect of these clouds ...
    • Evaluation of the dynamic core of the PALM model system 6.0 in a neutrally stratified urban environment: comparison between LES and wind-tunnel experiments 

      Gronemeier, Tobias; Surm, Kerstin; Harms, Frank; Leitl, Bernd; Maronga, Bjørn; Raasch, Siegfried (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      We demonstrate the capability of the PALM model system version 6.0 to simulate neutrally stratified urban boundary layers. Our simulation uses the real-world building configuration of the HafenCity area in Hamburg, Germany. ...
    • An Evaluation of the EnKF vs. EnOI and the Assimilation of SMAP, SMOS and ESA CCI Soil Moisture Data over the Contiguous US 

      Blyverket, Jostein; Hamer, Paul David; Bertino, Laurent; Albergel, Clement; Fairbairn, David; Lahoz, William A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-02-26)
      A number of studies have shown that assimilation of satellite derived soil moisture using the ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) can improve soil moisture estimates, particularly for the surface zone. However, the EnKF is ...
    • An evaluation of the performance of sea ice thickness forecasts to support arctic marine transport 

      Bilge, Tarkan A.; Fournier, Nicolas; Mignac, Davi; Hume-Wright, Laura; Bertino, Laurent; Williams, Timothy; Tietsche, Steffen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      In response to declining sea ice cover, human activity in the Arctic is increasing, with access to the Arctic Ocean becoming more important for socio-economic reasons. Accurate knowledge of sea ice conditions is therefore ...
    • Evaluation of three numerical weather prediction models for the Weddell Sea region for the Austral winter 2013 

      Jonassen, Marius Opsanger; Nygård, Tiina; Vihma, Timo Pekka (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      It is widely recognized that numerical weather prediction (NWP) results for the Antarctic are relatively poor compared to the mid-latitudes. In this study, we evaluate output from three operational NWP systems: the ECMWF, ...
    • Evidence of Isotopic Fractionation During Vapor Exchange Between the Atmosphere and the Snow Surface in Greenland 

      Madsen, M.V.; Steen‐Larsen, H.C.; Hörhold, M.; Box, J.; Berben, Sarah Miche Patricia; Capron, E.; Faber, Anne-Katrine; Hubbard, Alun Lloyd; Jensen, Mari Fjalstad; Jones, T.R.; Kipfstuhl, S.; Koldtoft, I.; Pillar, H.R.; Vaughn, B.H.; Vladimirova, D.; Dahl‐Jensen, D. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-03)
      Several recent studies from both Greenland and Antarctica have reported significant changes in the water isotopic composition of near‐surface snow between precipitation events. These changes have been linked to isotopic ...
    • Evolution and Transformation of the North Icelandic Irminger Current Along the North Iceland Shelf 

      Semper, Stefanie; Våge, Kjetil; Pickart, Robert S.; Jónsson, Steingrímur; Valdimarsson, Hedinn (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      The North Icelandic Irminger Current (NIIC) flowing northward through Denmark Strait is the main source of salt and heat to the north Iceland shelf. We quantify its along-stream evolution using the first high-resolution ...
    • Evolving and sustaining ocean best practices and standards for the next decade 

      Pearlman, Jay; Bushnell, Mark; Coppola, Laurent; Karstensen, Johannes; Buttigieg, Pier Luigi; Pearlman, Françoise; Simpson, Pauline; Barbier, Michele; Muller-Karger, Frank Edgar; Munoz-Mas, Cristian; Pissierssens, Peter; Chandler, Cyndy; Hermes, Juliet; Heslop, Emma; Jenkyns, Reyna; Achterberg, Eric P.; Bensi, Manuel; Bittig, Henry C.; Blandin, Jerome; Bosch, Julie; Bourles, Bernard; Bozzano, Roberto; Buck, Justin J.H.; Burger, Eugene F.; Cano, Daniel; Cardin, Vanessa; Llorens, Miguel Charcos; Cianca, Andres; Chen, Hua; Cusack, Caroline; Delory, Eric; Garello, Rene; Giovanetti, Gabriele; Harscoat, Valerie; Hartman, Susan; Heitsenrether, Robert; Jirka, Simon; Lara-Lopez, Ana Ligia; Lanteri, Nadine; Leadbetter, Adam; Manzella, Giuseppe; Maso, Joan; McCurdy, Andrea; Moussat, Eric; Ntoumas, Manolis; Pensieri, Sara; Petihakis, George; Pinardi, Nadia; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Przeslawski, Rachel; Roden, Nicholas; Silke, Joe; Tamburri, Mario N.; Tang, Hairong; Tanhua, Toste; Telszewski, Maciej; Testor, Pierre; Thomas, Julie; Waldmann, Christoph; Whoriskey, Fred (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-06-04)
      The oceans play a key role in global issues such as climate change, food security, and human health. Given their vast dimensions and internal complexity, efficient monitoring and predicting of the planet’s ocean must be a ...
    • Evolving the global ocean observing system for research and application services through international coordination 

      Sloyan, Bernadette M.; Wilkin, John; Hill, Katherine L.; Chidichimo, Maria Paz; Cronin, Meghan F; Johannessen, Johnny Andre; Karstensen, Johannes; Krug, Marjolaine; Lee, Tong; Oka, Eitarou; Palmer, Matthew D.; Rabe, Benjamin; Speich, Sabrina; von Schuckmann, Karina; Weller, Robert A; Yu, Weidong (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-08-06)
      Climate change and variability are major societal challenges, and the ocean is an integral part of this complex and variable system. Key to the understanding of the ocean’s role in the Earth’s climate system is the study ...
    • Exceptionally Warm and Prolonged Flow of Warm Deep Water Toward the Filchner‐Ronne Ice Shelf in 2017 

      Ryan, Svenja; Hellmer, Hartmut H.; Janout, Markus; Darelius, Elin Maria K.; Schröder, Michael; Vignes, Lucie (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      The Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, fringing the southern Weddell Sea, is Antarctica's second largest ice shelf. At present, basal melt rates are low due to active dense water formation; however, model projections suggest a ...
    • Exchange of water masses between the southern Weddell Sea continental shelf and the deep ocean 

      Daae, Kjersti Birkeland (Doctoral thesis, 2018-06-13)
      The exchange of water masses between the shallow Weddell Sea continental shelf and the deep ocean is of climatic importance. Firstly, on-shelf transport of warm oceanic water masses, contributes to basal melting of ice ...
    • Experimental characterization of the marine atmospheric boundary layer in the Havsul area, Norway 

      Christakos, Konstantinos; Reuder, Joachim; Furevik, Birgitte Rugaard (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013)
      Offshore wind energy applications depend strongly on an improved knowledge of the physical processes taking place in marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). In particular the better understanding of the complex interactions ...
    • Experimental investigation of the stable water isotope distribution in an Alpine lake environment (L-WAIVE) 

      Chazette, Patrick; Flamant, Cyrille; Sodemann, Harald; Totems, Julien; Monod, Anne; Dieudonné, Elsa; Baron, Alexandre; Seidl, Andrew Walter; Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian; Doira, Pascal; Durand, Amandine; Ravier, Sylvain (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      In order to gain understanding on the vertical structure of atmospheric water vapour above mountain lakes and to assess its link with the isotopic composition of the lake water and with small-scale dynamics (i.e. valley ...
    • Experimental methods to study the process of snow-ice formation induced by saltwater rise 

      Kern, Yannick Rouven (Master thesis, 2018-11-09)
      The Arctic region is experiencing a change from thick multiyear to much younger and thinner sea ice. In many places, increasing precipitation is leading to higher snow loads on young sea ice. Hence seawater can infiltrate ...
    • An experimental study on the effects of winglets on the tip vortex interaction in the near wake of a model wind turbine 

      Bartl, Jan; Mühle, Franz Volker; Hansen, Thomas; Adaramola, Muyiwa S.; Sætran, Lars Roar (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      An experimental study of the near wake up to four rotor diameters behind a model wind turbine rotor with two different wing tip configurations is performed. A straight-cut wing tip and a downstream-facing winglet shape are ...
    • Exploring Arctic-midlatitude teleconnections using observations and numerical models 

      Siew, Yu Feng (Doctoral thesis, 2021-05-27)
      The Arctic is warming at a much faster rate than the rest of the globe, with large declines in sea ice, snow cover and permafrost over the last decades. These profound changes have been proposed to influence the midlatitude ...
    • Exploring the coupled ocean and atmosphere system with a data science approach applied to observations from the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition 

      Landwehr, Sebastian; Volpi, Michele; Haumann, F. Alexander; Robinson, Charlotte M.; Thurnherr, Iris Livia; Ferracci, Valerio; Baccarini, Andrea; Thomas, Jenny; Gorodetskaya, Irina; Tatzelt, Christian; Henning, Silvia; Modini, Rob L.; Forrer, Heather J.; Lin, Yajuan; Cassar, Nicolas; Simó, Rafel; Hassler, Christel; Moallemi, Alireza; Fawcett, Sarah; Harris, Neil; Airs, Ruth; Derkani, Marzieh H.; Alberello, Alberto; Toffoli, Alessandro; Chen, Gang; Rodríguez-Ros, Pablo; Zamanillo, Marina; Cortés-Greus, Pau; Xue, Lei; Bolas, Conor G.; Leonard, Katherine C.; Perez-Cruz, Fernando; Walton, David; Schmale, Julia (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The Southern Ocean is a critical component of Earth's climate system, but its remoteness makes it challenging to develop a holistic understanding of its processes from the small scale to the large scale. As a result, our ...