Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes vital respiratory machinery. Populations of mtDNA molecules exist in most eukaryotic cells, subject to replication, degradation, mutation, and other population processes. These processes ...

The dynamics of shallow-water waves at the surface of an inviscid and incompressible fluid over a background shear flow approaching a sloping beach are investigated. First, we derive the nonlinear shallow-water equations ...

Mitochondria in plant cells usually contain less than a full copy of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome. Here, we asked whether mitochondrial dynamics may allow individual mitochondria to ‘collect’ a full set of mtDNA-encoded ...

Metabolic networks are typically large, containing many metabolites and reactions. Dynamical models that aim to simulate such networks will consist of a large number of ordinary differential equations, with many kinetic ...

Neural networks are an important and powerful family of models, but they have lacked practical ways of estimating predictive uncertainty. Recently, researchers from the Bayesian machine learning community developed a ...

The Lofoten Basin in the Norwegian Sea is located along the advective path of the warm and saline Atlantic Water transported from the North Atlantic to the Arctic. Bordered by the two branches of the Norwegian Atlantic ...

It is shown that very steep coastal profiles can give rise to unexpectedly large wave events at the coast. We combine insight from exact solutions of a simplified mathematical model with photographs from observations at ...

Parasitic salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis, Krøyer 1837) are a threat to the health and welfare of farmed salmonids and to the sustainability of wild salmon populations in Norway. Accordingly, the opportunities for ...

In this work, we apply techniques in variational optimization to image segmentation. We study three different segmentation models: one is based on the active contour method, the second is based on a piecewise constant level ...