Blar i Bergen Open Research Archive på forfatter "Sommerfelt, Halvor"
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Proliferation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain TW11681 in stools of experimentally infected human volunteers
Vedøy, Oda Barth; Hanevik, Kurt; Sakkestad, Sunniva Todnem; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Steinsland, Hans (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018-10-16)Background: As part of the efort to develop an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) human challenge model for testing new heat-stable toxin (ST)-based vaccine candidates, a controlled human infection model study based ... -
Prolonged and persistent diarrhoea is not restricted to children with acute malnutrition: an observational study in Ethiopia
Zangenberg, Mike; Johansen, Øystein Haarklau; Abdissa, Alemseged; Eshetu, Beza; Kurtzhals, Jørgen Anders; Friis, Henrik; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Langeland, Nina; Hanevik, Kurt (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)Objectives: To assess the prevalence of prolonged and persistent diarrhoea, to estimate their co‐occurrence with acute malnutrition and association with demographic and clinical factors. Methods: Case–control study where ... -
Risk Factors for Extended Duration of Acute Diarrhea in Young Children
Strand, Tor A.; Sharma, Pushpa R.; Gjessing, Håkon K.; Ulak, Manjeswori; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Adhikari, Ramesh K.; Sommerfelt, Halvor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-05-08)Objective and Background: We sought to identify predictors of extended duration of diarrhea in young children, which contributes substantially to the nearly 1 1/2 million annual diarrheal deaths globally. Methods: We ... -
RNA viruses in community-acquired childhood pneumonia in semi-urban Nepal; a cross-sectional study
Mathisen, Maria; Strand, Tor A.; Sharma, Biswa N.; Chandyo, Ram Krishna; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Basnet, Sudha; Adhikari, Ramesh K.; Hvidsten, Dag; Shrestha, Prakash S.; Sommerfelt, Halvor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-07-27)Background: Pneumonia is among the main causes of illness and death in children <5 years of age. There is a need to better describe the epidemiology of viral community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in developing countries. ... -
Strong Association between Diarrhea and Concentration of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strain TW10722 in Stools of Experimentally Infected Volunteers
Vedøy, Oda Barth; Steinsland, Hans; Sakkestad, Sunniva Todnem; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Hanevik, Kurt (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains are a major cause of diarrheal illness in children and travelers in low- and middle-income countries. When volunteers are infected with ETEC strains, as part of experimental ... -
Umbilical Cord Stump Infections in Central Uganda: Incidence, Bacteriological Profile, and Risk Factors
Tumuhamye, Josephine; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Tumwine, James K; Mukunya, David; Ndeezi, Grace; Namugga, Olive; Bwanga, Freddie; Steinsland, Hans; Nankabirwa, Victoria (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Umbilical cord stump infection (omphalitis) is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis and death. We assessed the incidence of omphalitis, described the bacteriological and antibiotic-resistance profile of potentially pathogenic ... -
Vaccination coverage and timeliness in three South African areas: a prospective study
Fadnes, Lars Thore; Jackson, Debra; Engebretsen, Ingunn Marie S.; Zembe, Wanga; Sanders, David; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Tylleskär, Thorkild (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2011-05-27)Background: Timely vaccination is important to induce adequate protective immunity. We measured vaccination timeliness and vaccination coverage in three geographical areas in South Africa. Methods: This study used vaccination ... -
Vaginal colonisation of women in labour with potentially pathogenic bacteria: A cross sectional study at three primary health care facilities in Central Uganda
Tumuhamye, Josephine; Steinsland, Hans; Tumwine, James K.; Namugga, Olive; Mukunya, David; Bwanga, Freddie; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Nankabirwa, Victoria (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-31)Background: Potentially pathogenic bacteria that colonise the lower genital tract of women in labour can be passed to the baby during birth. While many babies become colonised with these bacteria after delivery, a few ... -
Vaginal colonization with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among women in labor in central Uganda: prevalence and associated factors
Tumuhamye, Josephine; Steinsland, Hans; Bwanga, Freddie; Tumwine, James K.; Ndeezi, Grace; Mukunya, David; Namugga, Olive; Napyo, Agnes Kasede; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Nankabirwa, Victoria (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Background According to WHO ( CISMAC. Centre for Intervention Science in Maternal and Child health), the antimicrobial resistant bacteria considered to be clinically most important for human health and earmarked for ... -
Viewpoint of a WHO Advisory Group Tasked to Consider Establishing a Closely-monitored Challenge Model of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthy Volunteers
Levine, Myron M; Abdullah, Salim; Arabi, Yyaseen M.; Darko, Delese Mimi; Durbin, Anna P; Estrada, Vicente; Jamrozik, Euzebiusz; Kremsner, Peter G; Lagos, Rosanna; Pitisuttithum, Punnee; Plotkin, Stanley A; Sauerwein, Robert; Shi, Sheng-Li; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Subbarao, Kanta; Treanor, John J; Vrati, Sudhanshu; King, Deborah; Balasingam, Shobana; Weller, Charlie; Aguilar, Anastazia Older; Cassetti, M. Cristina; Krause, Philip R; Restrepo, Ana Maria Henao (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)WHO convened an Advisory Group (AG) to consider the feasibility, potential value, and limitations of establishing a closely-monitored challenge model of experimental severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ... -
"We shall count it as a part of kyogero": acceptability and considerations for scale up of single dose chlorhexidine for umbilical cord care in Central Uganda
Mukunya, David; Haaland, Marte Emilie Sandvik; Tumwine, James K.; Ndeezi, Grace; Namugga, Olive; Tumuhamye, Josephine; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Rujumba, Joseph; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Moland, Karen Marie; Nankabirwa, Victoria (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018-12-04)Background: Cleansing the umbilical cord with chlorhexidine reduces neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in communities where newborn deaths and home births are common. As a result, the World Health Organization ... -
When is a randomised controlled trial health equity relevant? Development and validation of a conceptual framework
Jull, Janet E.G.; Whitehead, Margaret; Petticrew, Mark; Kristjansson, Elizabeth; Gough, David; Petkovic, Jennifer; Volmink, Jimmy; Weijer, Charles; Taljaard, Monica; Edwards, Sarah Jane L.; Mbuagbaw, Lawrence; Cookson, Richard; McGowan, Jessie L.; Lyddiatt, Anne; Boyer, Yvonne; Cuervo, Luis Gabriel; Armstrong, Rebecca; White, Howard; Yoganathan, Manosila; Pantoja, Tomás; Shea, Beverley J.; Pottie, Kevin; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Baird, Sarah; Robberstad, Bjarne; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Asada, Yukiko; Wells, George A.; Tugwell, Peter; Welch, Vivian (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-09-25)Background Randomised controlled trials can provide evidence relevant to assessing the equity impact of an intervention, but such information is often poorly reported. We describe a conceptual framework to identify health ...