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    • UncertainData.jl: a Julia package for working with measurements and datasets with uncertainties 

      Haaga, Kristian Agasøster (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-01)
      UncertainData.jl provides an interface to represent data with associated uncertainties for the Julia programming language (Bezanson, Edelman, Karpinski, & Shah, 2017). Unlike Measurements.jl (Giordano, 2016), which deals ...

    • Uncertainty and ignored information in the analysis of bat ultrasound: Bayesian approximation to the rescue 

      Michaelsen, Tore Christian; Rydell, Jens; Bååth, Rasmus; Jensen, Knut Helge (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Bat ultrasound analysis has been around for several decades and it is one of the most important tools in studies of bat ecology. Discrimination between species is based on intra-specific features of echolocation calls. ...

    • Uncertainty-aware spot rejection rate as quality metric for proton therapy using a digital tracking calorimeter 

      Schilling, Alexander; Aehle, Max; Alme, Johan; Barnaföldi, Gergely Gábor; Bodova, Tea; Borshchov, Vyacheslav; van den Brink, Anthony; Eikeland, Viljar Nilsen; Feofilov, Gregory; Garth, Christoph; Gauger, Nicolas R.; Grøttvik, Ola Slettevoll; Helstrup, Håvard; Igolkin, Sergey; Keidel, Ralf; Kobdaj, Chinorat; Kortus, Tobias; Leonhardt, Viktor; Mehendale, Shruti Vineet; Ningappa Mulawade, Raju; Odland, Odd Harald; O'Neill, George; Papp, Gábor; Peitzmann, Thomas; Pettersen, Helge Egil Seime; Piersimoni, Pierluigi; Protsenko, Maksym; Rauch, Max Philip; Rehman, Attiq Ur; Richter, Matthias; Röhrich, Dieter; Santana, Joshua; Seco, Joao; Songmoolnak, Arnon; Sudár, Ákos; Tambave, Ganesh Jagannath; Tymchuk, Ihor; Ullaland, Kjetil; Varga-Kofarago, Monika; Volz, Lennart; Wagner, Boris; Wendzel, Steffen; Wiebel, Alexander; Xiao, Renzheng; Yang, Shiming; Zillien, Sebastian (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Objective. Proton therapy is highly sensitive to range uncertainties due to the nature of the dose deposition of charged particles. To ensure treatment quality, range verification methods can be used to verify that the ...

    • Under-five mortality in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: secondary analyses of survey and conflict data by province 

      Schedwin, Mattias; Furaha, Aurélie Bisumba; Kapend, Richard; Akilimali, Pierre; Malembaka, Espoir Bwenge; Hildenwall, Helena; Alfvén, Tobias; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Mapatano, Mala Ali; King, Carina (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Objective To compare coverage of key child health policy indicators across provinces and to explore their association with under-five mortality and level of conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods We ...

    • Under-Ice Phytoplankton Blooms in the Central Arctic Ocean: Insights From the First Biogeochemical IAOOS Platform Drift in 2017 

      Boles, Elisabeth; Provost, Christine; Garçon, Veronique; Bertosio, Cécilia; Athanase, Marylou; Koenig, Zoé Charlotte; Sennéchael, Nathalie (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      In April 2017, the first Ice Atmosphere Arctic Ocean Observing System (IAOOS) platform equipped with biogeochemical sensors was deployed near the North Pole. Over the next 8 months it meandered southward with the ice, ...

    • Underlying event properties in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV 

      Acharya, Shreyasi; Adamová, Dagmar; Adler, Alexander; Adolfsson, Jonatan; Aggarwal, Madan M.; Aglieri Rinella, Gianluca; Agnello, Michelangelo; Agrawal, Nikita; Ahammed, Zubayer; Ahmad, Shafiq F.; Alme, Johan; Altenkaemper, Lucas; Djuvsland, Øystein; Eikeland, Viljar Nilsen; Ersdal, Magnus Rentsch; Fionda, Fiorella Maria Celeste; Grøttvik, Ola Slettevoll; Lofnes, Ingrid Mckibben; Nystrand, Joakim; Rehman, Attiq Ur; Røhrich, Dieter; Tambave, Ganesh Jagannath; Ullaland, Kjetil; Wagner, Boris; Yang, Shiming; Yuan, Shiming; Zhou, Zhuo; Arsene, Ionut Cristian; Dordic, Olja; Lardeux, Antoine Xavier; Mahmood, Sohail Musa; Malik, Qasim Waheed; Neagu, Alexandra; Richter, Matthias; Røed, Ketil; Skaali, Toralf Bernhard; Tveter, Trine Spedstad; Wikne, Jon Christopher; Helstrup, Håvard; Hetland, Kristin Fanebust; Kileng, Bjarte; Nesbø, Simon Voigt; Storetvedt, Maksim Melnik; Langøy, Rune; Lien, Jørgen André; Ahn, Sang Un; Akindinov, Alexander; Al-Turany, Mohammed; Alam, Sk Noor; De Albuquerque, Danilo Silva; ALICE, Collaboration (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      This article reports measurements characterizing the Underlying Event (UE) associated with hard scatterings at midrapidity (|η| < 0.8) in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV. The hard scatterings are identified by the leading ...

    • Understanding attachment in decisions on adoption from care in Norway 

      Helland, Hege Stein; Nygård, Sveinung (Chapter, 2021)

    • Understanding climate change impacts on biome and plant distributions in the Andes: Challenges and opportunities 

      Tovar, Carolina; Carril, Andrea F.; Gutiérrez, Alvaro G.; Ahrends, Antje; Fita, Lluis; Zaninelli, Pablo; Flombaum, Pedro; Abarzúa, Ana M.; Alarcón, Diego; Aschero, Valeria; Báez, Selene; Barros, Agustina; Carilla, Julieta; Ferrero, M. Eugenia; Flantua, Suzette; Gonzáles, Paúl; Menéndez, Claudio G.; Pérez-Escobar, Oscar A.; Pauchard, Aníbal; Ruscica, Romina C.; Särkinen, Tiina; Sörensson, Anna A.; Srur, Ana; Villalba, Ricardo; Hollingsworth, Peter M. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Aim: Climate change is expected to impact mountain biodiversity by shifting species ranges and the biomes they shape. The extent and regional variation in these impacts are still poorly understood, particularly in the ...

    • Understanding differences in North Atlantic poleward ocean heat transport and its variability in global climate models 

      Madonna, Erica; Sandø, Anne Britt (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The ocean heat transport from the North Atlantic to the Barents Sea impacts the sea ice extent and the energy budget of the Arctic. The analyzed climate models from the fifth (CMIP5) and sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison ...

    • Understanding digital disconnection beyond media studies 

      Moe, Hallvard; Madsen, Ole Jacob (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Digital disconnection or ‘digital detox’ has become a key reference point for media scholars interested in how media technology increasingly gains influence on our everyday lives. Digital disconnection from intrusive media ...

    • Understanding fatigue in Sjögren’s Syndrome: Outcome measures, biomarkers and possible interventions 

      Mæland, Elisabeth; Miyamoto, Samira T.; Hammenfors, Daniel; Valim, Valeria; Jonsson, Malin Viktoria (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands. Symptoms range from dryness to severe extra-glandular disease involving manifestations in the skin, lungs, nervous system, and ...

    • Understanding Felt Accountability: The institutional antecedents of the felt accountability of agency-CEO's to central government 

      Schillemans, Thomas; Overman, Sjors; Fawcett, Paul; Flinders, M; Fredriksson, Magnus; Lægreid, Per; Maggetti, Martino; Papadopoulous, Yannis; Rubecksen, Kristin; Rykkja, Lise H.; Salomonsen, Heidi Houlberg; Smullen, Amanda; Wood, Matt (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      The literature on autonomous public agencies often adopts a top‐down approach, focusing on the means with which those agencies can be steered and controlled. This article opens up the black box of the agencies and zooms ...

    • Understanding handouts in candidate selection: Challenging party authority in Malawi 

      Chiweza, Asiyati Lorraine; Kayuni, Happy M.; Muriaas, Ragnhild Louise (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      This article discusses the purposes and drivers of handouts in party primaries in Malawi. We argue that existing explanations of handouts are incomplete because they are developed to identify dynamics in presidential or ...

    • Understanding Hydrologic, Human, and Climate System Feedback Loops: Results of a Participatory Modeling Workshop 

      Rajah, Jefferson K.; Atkins, Ashley E.P.; Tang, Christine; Bax, Kathelijne Pietie; Wilkerson, Brooke E; Fernald, Alexander G.; Langarudi, Saeed (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2024)
      Groundwater depletion threatens global freshwater resources, necessitating urgent water management and policies to meet current and future needs. However, existing data-intensive approaches to assessments do not fully ...

    • Understanding learner behaviour in online courses with Bayesian modelling and time series characterisation 

      Johnston, Iain George; Greenbury, Sam; Peach, Robert; yaliraki, sophia; Lefèvre, David; Barahona, Mauricio (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The intrinsic temporality of learning demands the adoption of methodologies capable of exploiting time-series information. In this study we leverage the sequence data framework and show how data-driven analysis of temporal ...

    • Understanding model behavior using the Loops that Matter method 

      Schoenberg, William Alexander; Davidsen, Pål; Eberlein, Robert (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020-06-19)
      The relationship between structure and behavior is central to system dynamics, but effective tools required to understand that relationship still elude us. The current state of the art in the field of loop dominance analysis ...

    • Understanding of how the properties of medical grade lactide based copolymer scaffolds influence adipose tissue regeneration: Sterilization and a systematic in vitro assessment 

      Jain, Shubham; Yassin, Mohammed Ahmed Alamin Yousif; Fuoco, Tiziana; Mohamed-Ahmed, Samih Salah Eldin Mahgoub; Vindenes, Hallvard; Mustafa, Kamal Babikeir Elnour; Finne-Wistand, Anna (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Aliphatic polyesters are the synthetic polymers most commonly used in the development of resorbable medical implants/devices. Various three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have been fabricated from these polymers and used in ...

    • Understanding patterns of stakeholder participation in public commenting on bureaucratic policymaking: Evidence from the European Union 

      Bunea, Adriana; Lipcean, Sergiu (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      What explains the levels and diversity of stakeholder participation in public commenting on bureaucratic policymaking? We examine a novel dataset on a stakeholder engagement mechanism recently introduced by the European ...

    • Understanding privacy and data protection issues in learning analytics using a systematic review 

      Liu, Qinyi; Khalil, Mohammad (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      The field of learning analytics has advanced from infancy stages into a more practical domain, where tangible solutions are being implemented. Nevertheless, the field has encountered numerous privacy and data protection ...

    • Understanding recent trends in incidence of invasive breast cancer in Norway: age-period-cohort analysis based on registry data on mammography screening and hormone treatment use 

      Weedon-Fekjær, Harald; Bakken, Kjersti; Vatten, Lars Johan; Tretli, Steinar (Journal article, 2012-01-30)
      Objective: To quantify the separate contributions of menopausal hormone treatment and mammography screening activities on trends in incidence of invasive breast cancer between 1987 and 2008. Design: Population study ...