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A cross-national analysis of the psychometric properties of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory

Molde, Helge; Nordhus, Inger Hilde; Torsheim, Torbjørn; Engedal, Knut; Bendixen, Anette Bakkane; Byrne, Gerard J.; Marquez-Gonzalez, Maria; Losada, Andres; Feng, Lei; Kuan Tai Ow, Elisabeth; Pisitsungkagarn, Kullaya; Taephant, Nattasuda; Jarukasemthawee, Somboon; Champagne, Alexandra; Landreville, Philippe; Gosselin, Patrick; Ribeiro, Oscar; Diefenbach, Gretchen J; Blank, Karen; Beaudreau, Sherry A; Laks, Jerson; Bom de Araujo, Narahyana; Paz Fonseca, Rochele; Kochhann, Renata; Camozzato, Analuiza; van den Brink, Rob; Fluiter, Mario; Naarding, Paul; Pelzers, Loeki P R M; Lugtenburg, Astrid; Oude Voshaar, Richard; Pachana, Nancy A.
Peer reviewed, Journal article
Accepted version
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URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1956/21852
Date
2019-01-08
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  • Department of Clinical Psychology [108]
Original version
Molde H, Nordhus IH, Torsheim T, Engedal K, Bendixen AB, Byrne GJ, Marquez-Gonzalez, Losada, Feng, Kuan Tai Ow, Pisitsungkagarn, Taephant, Jarukasemthawee, Champagne, Landreville, Gosselin, Ribeiro, Diefenbach, Blank, Beaudreau, Laks J, Bom de Araujo, Paz Fonseca, Kochhann, Camozzato, van den Brink, Fluiter, Naarding, Pelzers, Lugtenburg, Oude Voshaar, Pachana NA. A cross-national analysis of the psychometric properties of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. 2019:gbz002.   https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz002
Abstract
Objectives: Assessing late-life anxiety using an instrument with sound psychometric properties including crosscultural invariance is essential for cross-national aging research and clinical assessment. To date, no cross-national research studies have examined the psychometric properties of the frequently used Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) in depth. Method: Using data from 3,731 older adults from 10 national samples (Australia, Brazil, Canada, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Singapore, Thailand, and United States), this study used bifactor modeling to analyze the dimensionality of the GAI. We evaluated the “fitness” of individual items based on the explained common variance for each item across all nations. In addition, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was applied, testing for measurement invariance across the samples. Results: Across samples, the presence of a strong G factor provides support that a general factor is of primary importance, rather than subfactors. That is, the data support a primarily unidimensional representation of the GAI, still acknowledging the presence of multidimensional factors. A GAI score in one of the countries would be directly comparable to a GAI score in any of the other countries tested, perhaps with the exception of Singapore. Discussion: Although several items demonstrated relatively weak common variance with the general factor, the unidimensional structure remained strong even with these items retained. Thus, it is recommended that the GAI be administered using all items.
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Journal
The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
Copyright
Copyright 2019 The Author(s)

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