"I am a butterfly who wants to fly" Narratives of prostitution in Managua.
Master thesis
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https://hdl.handle.net/1956/3468Utgivelsesdato
2009-06-03Metadata
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- Faculty of Psychology [535]
Sammendrag
The present Master Thesis is the outcome of two years study of "Gender and Development" program in Bergen (Norway) and my 3-months fieldwork in Managua (Nicaragua). My aim in this thesis is to explore the experiences and life stories of different age women in Nicaragua, who are involved to a certain extent in street prostitution: teenagers at risk from prostitution, current women-who-prostitute and ex-prostitutes. The main methodology I have employed is life-stories. My findings regarding this data may be divided in two groups: those concerning the gender norms that can be explored through the life stories of my informants and those concerning the feminist's debates that can be raised in light of my material. My main findings relating to gender norms is that being teenagers, my informants have internalized unequal gender norms very often by the means of violence, rape and intrusion. The majority of my informants started selling sex when they were minors and continued afterwards. Their opinions about prostitution vary, but they all seem to perceive positive and negative aspects. It can be perceived an idealization of motherhood, while fathers are perceived as absent. My adult informants suffer from the prostitute stigma' in many different aspects and in this thesis I have explored the ways they fight against them: either by distancing from their work identity or by investing in their private sphere. Concerning the feminist debate in relation to prostitution my main findings suggest to rethink the two perspectives of feminist thought in light of the narratives I have presented here from Nicaragua as both perspectives could be seen as partially relevant in the understanding of my informants' life stories. My finding also suggest to reflect on the responsibility of the Nicaraguan State concerning prostitution and women and girls who sell sex as most of the women-who-prostitute start prostitution when they are minors, current women-who-prostitute are clearly marginalized by the Health and Justice System and as ex-prostitute do not have job opportunities when they quit. La presente tesis del master es el producto de haber estudiado el master "Genero y Desarrollo" en la Universitet i Bergen (Noruega) y del trabajo de campo que realicé en los meses de Junio-Septiembre 2008 en Managua (Nicaragua). Mi intención ha sido explorar las historias de vida de mujeres y niñas relacionadas con la prostitución y la explotación sexual comercial: adolescentes en riesgo, mujeres que se prostituyen y ex-prostitutas. La metodología de la tesis ha sido fundamentalmente cualitativa y el método fundamental utilizado ha sido el de las historias de vida. Los resultados de la tesis se pueden dividir en dos tipos. Por un lado, los referentes a las normas de género y por otro los resultantes del debate feminista entre abolicionistas y pro-derechos. Con respecto a lo primero, las entrevistas realizadas sugieren que ya siendo adolescentes mis informantes han ido adquiriendo las normas de género y las inequidades, muchas veces de manera violenta mediante violaciones y abusos. La mayor parte de mis informantes comenzaron en la prostitución cuando eran menores y continuaron después. Sus opiniones acerca de la prostitución varían mucho, pero todas perciben tanto aspectos positivos como negativos. En todas las historias de vida se percibe una idealización de la maternidad y de la figura materna y la figura del padre se percibe como ausente. Mis informantes adultos han sufrido el estigma asociado a la prostitución de muchas maneras. En esa tesis, se ha hecho un especial hincapié en abordar cómo luchan contra ese estigma, ya sea mediante el matrimonio, los hijos o el intento de distanciar su identidad como trabajadora de su identidad como madre y mujer. En cuanto al debate feminista entre abolicionistas y pro-derechos, los resultados de esta investigación sugieren que las dos perspectivas pueden ser parcialmente relevantes en las historias de vida de mis informantes; pero ninguna es totalmente aplicable. Mis resultados también sugieren una reflexión profunda acerca del papel que juega el Estado nicaragüense ya que la mayor de las mujeres que se prostituyen empezaron siendo menores, sufren una marginalización por parte de los organismos oficiales de Justicia y Salud y además, las que se van de la prostitución no encuentran oportunidades de trabajo debido a su pasado en las carreteras.
Utgiver
The University of BergenOpphavsrett
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