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dc.contributor.authorGuo, Chuncheng
dc.contributor.authorNisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes
dc.contributor.authorBentsen, Mats
dc.contributor.authorBethke, Ingo
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Zhongshi
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-17T13:30:35Z
dc.date.available2020-02-17T13:30:35Z
dc.date.issued2019-06-26
dc.PublishedGuo C, Nisancioglu KH, Bentsen M, Bethke I, Zhang Z. Equilibrium simulations of Marine Isotope Stage 3 climate. Climate of the Past. 2019;15(3):1133-1151.eng
dc.identifier.issn1814-9332en_US
dc.identifier.issn1814-9324en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/21425
dc.description.abstractAn equilibrium simulation of Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) climate with boundary conditions characteristic of Greenland Interstadial 8 (GI-8; 38 kyr BP) is carried out with the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM). A computationally efficient configuration of the model enables long integrations at relatively high resolution, with the simulations reaching a quasi-equilibrium state after 2500 years. We assess the characteristics of the simulated large-scale atmosphere and ocean circulation, precipitation, ocean hydrography, sea ice distribution, and internal variability. The simulated MIS3 interstadial near-surface air temperature is 2.9 ∘C cooler than the pre-industrial (PI). The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is deeper and intensified by ∼13 %. There is a decrease in the volume of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) reaching the Atlantic. At the same time, there is an increase in ventilation of the Southern Ocean, associated with a significant expansion of Antarctic sea ice and concomitant intensified brine rejection, invigorating ocean convection. In the central Arctic, sea ice is ∼2 m thicker, with an expansion of sea ice in the Nordic Seas during winter. Attempts at triggering a non-linear transition to a cold stadial climate state, by varying atmospheric CO2 concentrations and Laurentide Ice Sheet height, suggest that the simulated MIS3 interstadial state in the NorESM is relatively stable, thus underscoring the role of model dependency, and questioning the existence of unforced abrupt transitions in Greenland climate in the absence of interactive ice sheet–meltwater dynamics.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherEuropean Geosciences Union (EGU)en_US
dc.rightsAttribution CC BY 4.0eng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/eng
dc.titleEquilibrium simulations of Marine Isotope Stage 3 climateen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.date.updated2019-10-24T07:34:39Z
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2019 The Author(s)en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1133-2019
dc.identifier.cristin1721578
dc.source.journalClimate of the Past
dc.relation.projectNotur/NorStore: NN4659K
dc.relation.projectEC/FP7: 610055
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 246929


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