Legal, political and social change - The case of sexual and gender minorities in Nepal

Abstract

This thesis examines the recent legal, political and social changes for sexual and gender minorities in Nepal. The empirical data were produced during field work in Nepal in 2010. In a short period of time the sexual and gender minorities have experienced a significant improvement in rights as well as increased inclusion in political processes. However, this study shows that they still experience social challenges such as discrimination and harassment. Although positive social changes like increased visibility, empowerment and awareness have been important, negative attitudes, ignorance and a lack of implementation of the legal provisions cause problems for the sexual and gender minorities. Individuals also face different challenges depending on identity factors such as age, social status, sex/gender, religion and where they live. Finally, this thesis discusses whether the strategies employed or the political and cultural context in Nepal have been important preconditions in order for the positive changes to happen, and if there are any lessons one can draw from the Nepali case.