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dc.contributor.authorBhatta, Laxmien_US
dc.contributor.authorKlouman, Eliseen_US
dc.contributor.authorDeuba, Keshaben_US
dc.contributor.authorShrestha, Rachanaen_US
dc.contributor.authorKarki, Deepak Kumaren_US
dc.contributor.authorEkström, Anna Miaen_US
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Luai Awaden_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-30T14:19:37Z
dc.date.available2014-10-30T14:19:37Z
dc.date.issued2013-12-26eng
dc.identifier.issn1471-2334
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/8697
dc.description.abstractBackground: Though financial and policy level efforts are made to expand antiretroviral treatment (ART) service free of cost, survival outcome of ART program has not been systematically evaluated in Nepal. This study assesses the mortality rates and determinants among adult HIV-infected patients on ART in Far-western region of Nepal. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1024 (51.2% men) HIV-infected patients aged ≥15 years, who started ART between May 15th 2006 and May 15th 2011 in five ART sites in the Far-western region, Nepal. Follow-up time was calculated from the date of ART initiation to date of death or censoring (loss to follow-up, transferred out, or 15 November 2011). Mortality rates (per 100 person-years) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression models were used to estimate survival and explore determinants of mortality. Results: The median follow-up time was 19.1 months. The crude mortality rate was 6.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.3-7.6) but more than three-times higher in first 3 months after ART initiation (21.9 (95% CI 16.6- 28.8)). About 12% (83% men) of those newly initiated on ART died during follow-up. The independent determinants of mortality were male sex (hazard ratio (HR) 4.55, 95% CI 2.43-8.51), poor baseline performance scale (bedridden <50% of the day during the past month, HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.19-3.52; bedridden >50% of the day during the past month, HR 3.41, 95% CI 1.67-6.98 compared to normal activity), one standard deviation decrease in baseline bodyweight (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07), and poor WHO clinical stage (stage III, HR 2.96, 95% CI 1.31-6.69; stage IV, HR 3.28, 95% CI 1.30-8.29 compared to WHO clinical stage I or II). Conclusions: High mortality was observed within the first 3 months of ART initiation. Patients with poor baseline clinical characteristics had higher mortality, especially men. Earlier initiation of ART through expanded testing and counselling should be encouraged in HIV-infected patients.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherBioMed Centraleng
dc.rightsAttribution CC BYeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0eng
dc.subjectHIVeng
dc.subjectAntiretroviral treatment (ART)eng
dc.subjectMortalityeng
dc.subjectDeterminantseng
dc.subjectFar-western regioneng
dc.subjectNepaleng
dc.subjectAsiaeng
dc.titleSurvival on antiretroviral treatment among adult HIV-infected patients in Nepal: a retrospective cohort study in far-western Region, 2006-2011en_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.date.updated2014-01-03T20:07:25Z
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2013 Bhatta et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
dc.rights.holderLaxmi Bhatta et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
dc.source.articlenumber604
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-604
dc.identifier.cristin1086013
dc.source.journalBMC Infectious Diseases
dc.source.4013


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