• Are Ontologies Trees or Lattices? 

      Sperberg-McQueen, Michael; Huitfeldt, Claus (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Ontologies, it is sometimes said, take the form of a hierarchy or tree: each class is subdivided into distinct subclasses with no cross classifications. But if the purpose of an ontology is to make possible useful inferences ...
    • Hierarchical or Non-hierarchical? A Philosophical Approach to a Debate in Text Encoding 

      Pichler, Alois (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Is hierarchical XML apt for the encoding of complex manuscript materials? Some scholars have argued that texts are non-hierarchical entities and that XML therefore is inadequate. This paper argues that the nature of text ...