• Symmetry and simplicity spontaneously emerge from the algorithmic nature of evolution 

      Johnston, Iain; Dingle, Kamaludin; Greenbury, Sam; Camargo, Chico Q.; Doye, Jonathan P K; Ahnert, Sebastian E.; Louis, Ard A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Engineers routinely design systems to be modular and symmetric in order to increase robustness to perturbations and to facilitate alterations at a later date. Biological structures also frequently exhibit modularity and ...