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The context of HIV risk behaviours among HIV-positive injection drug users in Viet Nam: Moving toward effective harm reduction
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-04-06)Background: Injection drug users represent the largest proportion of all HIV reported cases in Viet Nam. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of risk and risk behaviours among HIV-positive injection drug users, and ... -
Contextual factors of external inspections and mechanisms for improvement in healthcare organizations: a realist evaluation
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)External inspections constitute a key element of healthcare regulation. Improved quality of care is one of the important goals of inspections but the mechanisms of how inspections might contribute to quality improvement ... -
Contextualization of cost-efectiveness evidence from literature for 382 health interventions for the Ethiopian essential health services package revision
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Background Cost-effectiveness of interventions was a criterion decided to guide priority setting in the latest revision of Ethiopia’s essential health services package (EHSP) in 2019. However, conducting an economic ... -
Continuity in general practice as predictor of mortality, acute hospitalisation, and use of out-of-hours care: a registry-based observational study in Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Background Continuity, usually considered a quality aspect of primary care, is under pressure in Norway, and elsewhere. Aim To analyse the association between longitudinal continuity with a named regular general ... -
Continuity of care and mortality for patients with chronic disease: an observational study using Norwegian registry data
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Background Research on continuity of care (CoC) is mainly conducted in primary care and has received little acknowledgment in other levels of care. This study sought to investigate CoC across care levels for patients ... -
Continuity of care for patients with chronic disease: a registry-based observational study from Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Background Continuity of care (CoC) is accepted as a core value of primary care and is especially appreciated by patients with chronic conditions. Nevertheless, there are few studies investigating CoC for these patients ... -
Continuity of care, measurement and association with hospital admission and mortality: a registry-based longitudinal cohort study
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Objective To assess whether continuity of care (COC) with a general practitioner (GP) is associated with mortality and hospital admissions for older patients We argue that the conventional continuity measure may overestimate ... -
Contracts for primary and secondary care physicians and equity-efficiency trade-offs
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)We analyse how payment systems for general practitioners (GPs) and hospital specialists affect inequalities in healthcare treatments, referrals, and patient health. We present a model of contracting with two providers, a ... -
Contrasting HIV prevalence trends among young women and men in Zambia in the past 12 years: data from demographic and health surveys 2002–2014
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)Background: The HIV epidemic remains a concern on the global health agenda, despite progress made in reducing incidence. Investigation of trends among young people is important for monitoring HIV incidence and informing ... -
Contribution of an extensive medication-based comorbidity index (Rx-Risk) in explaining the excess mortality after hip fracture in older Norwegians: a NOREPOS cohort study
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Objectives Patients with hip fracture are typically characterised by extensive comorbidities and excess mortality. Methods that account for a wide range of comorbidities are needed when attempting to identify causal ... -
Controlling iodine deficiency disorders through salt iodation in Tanzania
(Doctoral thesis, 2009-12-11)Background: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) is a major public health problem worldwide, in which more than two billion people have insufficient iodine intake, including 285 million school-age children. In Tanzania, 41% ... -
Conventional early infant diagnosis in Lesotho from specimen collection to results usage to manage patients: Where are the bottlenecks?
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-10-10)Introduction: Early infant diagnosis is an important step in identifying children infected with HIV during the perinatal period or in utero. Multiple factors contribute to delayed antiretroviral treatment initiation for ... -
“The cord is the child”: meanings and practices related to umbilical cord care in Central Uganda
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-04)Background: Infections account for a quarter of all newborn deaths and the umbilical cord has been identified as a major route of newborn infections. Objective: To explore the meanings and practices related to the umbilical ... -
Correlated physical and mental health composite scores for the RAND-36 and RAND-12 health surveys: can we keep them simple?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-03)Background: The RAND-36 and RAND-12 (equivalent to versions 1 of the SF-36 Health Survey and SF-12 Health Survey, respectively) are widely used measures of health-related quality of life. However, there are diverging views ... -
Correlates of peer violence among 13-to-15-year-olds in Gampaha district schools in Sri Lanka: Findings from a comparison between violent and non-violent adolescents
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)Violence among adolescents in schools is a relatively new research area in South Asian countries. Limited knowledge about factors associated with peer violence hinders the design of prevention programs. This study was ... -
Correlations between chest-CT and laboratory parameters in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: A single-center study from Italy
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)To investigate the relationship between damaged lung assessed by chest computed tomography (CT) scan and laboratory biochemical parameters with the aim of finding other diagnostic tools. Patients who underwent chest CT ... -
Corticosteroid use and risk of orofacial clefts
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-06)Background: Maternal use of corticosteroids during early pregnancy has been inconsistently associated with orofacial clefts in the offspring. A previous report from the National Birth Defect Prevention Study (NBDPS), using ... -
COSMOS-improving the quality of life in nursing home patients: Protocol for an effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized clinical hybrid trial
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-09-15)Background: Nursing home patients have complex mental and physical health problems, disabilities and social needs, combined with widespread prescription of psychotropic drugs. Preservation of their quality of life is an ... -
Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Cervical Precancerous Lesion Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
(Master thesis, 2023-05-15)Background: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). About 90% of all cervical cancer mortality occurs in LMICs. WHO recommends the use of thermal ... -
Cost and cost-effectiveness of treating smear-positive tuberculosis by health extension workers in Ethiopia: an ancillary cost-effectiveness analysis of community randomized trial
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2010-02-17)Background: Evidence for policy- and decision-making related to the cost of delivering tuberculosis (TB) control is lacking in Ethiopia. We aimed to determine the cost and cost-effectiveness of involving health extension ...