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dc.contributor.authorJørgensen, Christianeng
dc.contributor.authorHolt, Rebeccaeng
dc.date.accessioned2015-04-13T12:01:22Z
dc.date.available2015-04-13T12:01:22Z
dc.date.issued2013-01eng
dc.identifier.issn1385-1101en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1956/9772
dc.description.abstractA stronger focus on natural mortality may be required to better understand contemporary changes in fish life histories and behaviour and their responses to anthropogenic drivers. Firstly, natural mortality is the selection under which fish evolved in the first place, so a theoretical understanding of effects of natural mortality alone is needed. Secondly, due to trade-offs, most organismal functions can only be achieved at some cost in terms of survival. Several trade-offs might need to be analysed simultaneously with effects on natural mortality being a common currency. Thirdly, there is scattered evidence that natural mortality has been increasing, some would say dramatically, in some fished stocks, which begs explanations. Fourthly, natural mortality most often implies transfer of mass and energy from one species to another, and therefore has foodweb and ecosystem consequences. We therefore analyse a model for evolution of fish life histories and behaviour, where state-dependent energy-allocation and growth strategies are found by optimization. Natural mortality is split into five different components, each specified as the outcome of individual traits and ecological trade-offs: a fixed baseline mortality; size-dependent predation; risk-dependent growth strategy; a fixed mortality when sexually mature; and mortality increasing with reproductive investment. The analysis is repeated with and without fishing. Each component of natural mortality has consequences for optimal life history strategies. Beyond earlier models, we show i) how the two types of reproductive mortality sometimes have similar and sometimes contrasting effects on life history evolution, ii) how ecosystem properties such as food availability and predation levels have stronger effects on optimal strategies than changing other mortality components, and iii) how expected changes in risk-dependent growth strategies are highly variable depending on the type of mortality changed.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-NDeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/eng
dc.subjectNatural mortalityeng
dc.subjectLife history evolutioneng
dc.subjectBehavioural ecologyeng
dc.subjectTrade-offseng
dc.subjectFishing-induced evolutioneng
dc.subjectAdaptationeng
dc.titleNatural mortality: Its ecology, how it shapes fish life histories, and why it may be increased by fishingen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.date.updated2015-04-01T08:43:49Zen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2012 Elsevier B.V.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2012.04.003
dc.identifier.cristin1032001
dc.source.journalJournal of Sea Research
dc.source.4075
dc.source.pagenumber8-18
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Plant geography: 496en_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488en_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496nob
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488nob


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