• Direct observations of anomalous resistivity and diffusion in collisionless plasma 

      Graham, D.B.; Khotyaintsev, Yu. V.; André, M.; Vaivads, A.; Divin, A.; Drake, J.F.; Norgren, Astrid Elisabet Cecilia; Le Contel, Contel; Lindqvist, P.-A.; Rager, A.C.; Gershman, D.J.; Russell, C.T.; Burch, J.L.; Hwang, K.-J.; Dokgo, K. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Coulomb collisions provide plasma resistivity and diffusion but in many low-density astrophysical plasmas such collisions between particles are extremely rare. Scattering of particles by electromagnetic waves can lower the ...