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dc.contributor.authorSerigstad, Sondre
dc.date.accessioned2023-10-12T10:21:30Z
dc.date.available2023-10-12T10:21:30Z
dc.date.issued2023-10-26
dc.date.submitted2023-10-10T08:03:29.574Z
dc.identifiercontainer/b5/09/43/03/b5094303-672b-493c-9492-2ed9f53d94b4
dc.identifier.isbn9788230857137
dc.identifier.isbn9788230841549
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/3096035
dc.description.abstractDen mikrobielle etiologien hos pasienter med samfunnservervet lungebetennelse (CAP) blir ofte ikke avklart på grunn av utilstrekkelige mikrobiologiske metoder og vanskeligheter med å skaffe prøver fra nedre luftveier. Rask påvisning av luftveismikrober kan potensielt redusere unødvendig bruk av empirisk antimikrobiell behandling og øke andelen pasienter som får mikrobiologistyrt behandling. Moderne syndrombaserte PCR-paneler muliggjør rask deteksjon av både virale- og bakterielle luftveismikrober. CAPNOR Feasibility studien undersøkte gjennomførbarheten av flere viktige ledd fra vår planlagte CAPNOR RCT (Paper I). Studien viste at det var mulig å skaffe nedre luftveisprøver fra CAP pasienter allerede i akuttmottaket. Ved bruk av et syndrombasert PCR-panel, fant vi betydelig flere luftveismikrober på kortere tid, sammenliknet med bruk av standard metoder, noe som indikerer at det er mulig å oppnå mikrobiologiske resultater allerede i akuttmottaket. Vår CAPNOR RCT fokuserer på andelen som mottar mikrobiologistyrt behandling og tiden det tar. Prøver fra nedre luftveier ble randomisert til testing med kun standardmetoder eller med tillegg av et syndrombasert PCR-panel (Paper II). COVID-19 pandemien traff Norge da vi skulle starte vår RCT, noe som resulterte i forsinket start av studien og behov for justeringer av protokollen. I denne unike situasjonen valgte vi å undersøke pandemiens potensielle implikasjoner på både antall sykehusinnleggelser og detekterte mikrober hos pasienter med mistenkt CAP, ved å sammenlikne pasienter inkludert før og etter utbruddet av COVID-19 (Paper III). Smitteverntiltak relatert til COVID-19 forverret utfordringene med prøvetakning fra nedre luftveier ytterligere. Dette bidro til en studie som viste at testing av halsprøver med et syndrombasert PCR-panel oppdaget de vanligste bakterielle luftveismikrober med høy positiv og negativ prosentvis overensstemmelse sammenlignet med testing av nedre luftveisprøver (Paper IV). Dette antyder at halsprøver analysert av et syndrombasert PCR-panel kan representere en alternativ metode for rask mikrobiologisk testing i akuttmottaket. Oppsummert har våre studier demonstrert at det er mulig å oppnå omfattende mikrobiologiske resultater hos en stor andel CAP pasienter få timer etter innleggelse. Fremtidige studier av syndrombaserte PCR-paneler bør fokusere videre på kliniske endepunkter, kostnadseffektivitet og utvikling av implementeringsstrategier for innføring i klinisk praksis.en_US
dc.description.abstractThe microbial etiology of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is often not established due to insufficient methods for microbial detection and difficulties in obtaining lower respiratory tract (LRT) samples. Early microbial detections could potentially reduce unnecessary empirical antimicrobial treatment and improve the proportion of patients receiving pathogen-directed treatment. Recently introduced syndromic PCR-based panels enable rapid detection of both viral- and bacterial pathogens. The CAPNOR Feasibility study (Paper I) was initiated with a view to informing the design of a planned RCT and demonstrated that obtaining LRT samples from CAP patients in the emergency department (ED) was feasible. The microbial yield and time to results improved significantly by using a syndromic PCR-based panel compared to standard methods, indicating that it is possible to obtain microbiological results already in the ED. In the CAPNOR RCT, LRT samples were randomized to testing by either standard methods alone or with the addition of syndromic PCR-based testing, focusing on the time to, and provision of pathogen-directed treatment in CAP patients (Paper II). When we were about to initiate the CAPNOR RCT, Norway faced the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in a delayed start, with mandatory adjustments needed in the protocol. Faced with this unprecedented situation, we evaluated the pandemic’s potential implications on both hospital admissions and microbial detections in patients with suspected CAP, i.e., before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 and the subsequent strict infection control measures (Paper III). Moreover, the COVID-19-related infection control measures further hampered the difficulties of LRT sampling. This fostered a study where we demonstrated that syndromic PCR-based testing of oropharyngeal (OP) swabs could detect the most common bacterial CAP pathogens with high positive and negative percent agreement compared with testing of LRT samples (Paper IV). These findings suggest that OP swabs analyzed by a syndromic panel could represent an alternative approach for rapid microbiological testing in the ED. In conclusion, our studies have demonstrated an ability to provide close to real-time microbiological results for CAP patients. Future studies should focus on the impact of rapid syndromic testing in terms of clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and the development of implementation strategies to facilitate integration into clinical practice.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherThe University of Bergenen_US
dc.relation.haspartPaper I: Serigstad S, Markussen DL, Grewal HMS, Ebbesen MH, Kommedal Ø, Heggelund L, van Werkhoven CH, Faurholt-Jepsen D, Clark TW, Ritz C, Ulvestad E, Bjørneklett RO, Knoop ST; CAPNOR Study Group. Rapid syndromic PCR testing in patients with respiratory tract infections reduces time to results and improves microbial yield. Scientific Reports. 2022 Jan 10;12:326. The article is available at: <a href="https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2997239" target="blank">https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2997239</a>en_US
dc.relation.haspartPaper II: Serigstad S, Ritz C, Faurholt-Jepsen D, Markussen DL, Ebbesen MH, Kommedal Ø, Bjørneklett RO, Heggelund L, Clark TW, van Werkhoven CH, Knoop ST, Ulvestad E, Grewal HMS; CAPNOR study group. Impact of rapid molecular testing on diagnosis, treatment and management of communityacquired pneumonia in Norway: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial (CAPNOR). Trials. 2022 Aug 1;23:622. The article is available at: <a href=" https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3034905" target="blank">https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3034905</a>en_US
dc.relation.haspartPaper III: Serigstad S, Markussen DL, Ritz C, Ebbesen MH, Knoop ST, Kommedal Ø, Heggelund L, Ulvestad E, Bjørneklett RO, Grewal HMS; CAPNOR study group. The changing spectrum of microbial aetiology of respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2022 Sep 30;22:763. The article is available at: <a href=" https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3037067" target="blank">https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3037067</a>en_US
dc.relation.haspartPaper IV: Serigstad S, Knoop ST, Markussen DL, Ulvestad E, Bjørneklett RO, Ebbesen MH, Kommedal Ø, Grewal HMS. Diagnostic utility of oropharyngeal swabs as an alternative to lower respiratory tract samples for PCR-based syndromic testing in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2023 Sep 21;61(9):e00505-23. The article is available at: <a href=" https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3097144" target="blank">https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3097144</a>en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NoDerivs (CC BY-ND). This item's rights statement or license does not apply to the included articles in the thesis.
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
dc.titleSyndromic molecular testing in adults hospitalized for suspected community-acquired pneumoniaen_US
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen_US
dc.date.updated2023-10-10T08:03:29.574Z
dc.rights.holderCopyright the Author.en_US
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-2582-8328
dc.description.degreeDoktorgradsavhandling
fs.unitcode13-24-0


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Attribution-NoDerivs (CC BY-ND). This item's rights statement or license does not apply to the included articles in the thesis.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NoDerivs (CC BY-ND). This item's rights statement or license does not apply to the included articles in the thesis.