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dc.contributor.authorMustafa, Tehminaen_US
dc.contributor.authorBrokstad, Karl Alberten_US
dc.contributor.authorMfinanga, Sayoki Godfrey M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWiker, Harald Gen_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-02-23T10:24:50Z
dc.date.available2016-02-23T10:24:50Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.PublishedTuberculosis Research and Treatment 2015, 2015:561490eng
dc.identifier.issn2090-150X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/11296
dc.description.abstractObjectives. Tuberculous lymphadenitis is the most common formof extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with a female and paediatric preponderance, postulated to be due to differences in the immune response. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in the serum cytokine levels of tuberculous lymphadenitis patients with respect to age and gender. Methods. A multiplex bead-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure IFN-𝛾, TNF-𝛼, GM-CSF, IL-1𝛽, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-17 levels in sera of patients (𝑛 = 86) and healthy controls (𝑛 = 23). Results. Levels of IFN-𝛾, TNF-𝛼, GM-CSF, IL-1𝛽, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 were higher in adult patients than in controls, while those of IL-12 were lower (𝑃 < 0.05). Children had lower levels of TNF-𝛼, GM-CSF, and IL-5 and higher levels of IL-2 compared with adult patients (𝑃 < 0.05). The male adult patients had higher levels of IL-17 and lower levels of IL-12 compared with female adult patients (𝑃 < 0.05). Conclusion.There were significant differences in the levels of circulating cytokines with respect to gender and age. Children had generally lower levels of cytokines as compared to adults, which could make them more susceptible. Findings do not support that female preponderance is due to differences in immune response.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherHindawieng
dc.rightsAttribution CC BYeng
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/eng
dc.titleMultiplex Analysis of Pro- or Anti-Inflammatory Serum Cytokines and Chemokines in relation to Gender and Age among Tanzanian Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Patientsen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.date.updated2015-12-31T16:25:03Z
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2015 The Authors
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1155/2015/561490
dc.identifier.cristin1252855


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