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A safer, urea-based in situ hybridization method improves detection of gene expression in diverse animal species
(Journal article, 2017)In situ hybridization is a widely employed technique allowing spatial visualization of gene expression in fixed specimens. It has proven to be essential to our understanding of biological processes, including developmental ... -
An ancient FMRFamide-related peptide-receptor pair induces defense behavior in a brachiopod larva
(Journal article, 2017)Animals show different behaviors that can consist of various spatially or temporally separated sub-reactions. Even less complex organisms, like ciliated larvae that display important behaviors (e.g. metamorphosis, defense, ... -
Cleavage modification did not alter blastomere fates during bryozoan evolution
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-28)Background: Stereotypic cleavage patterns play a crucial role in cell fate determination by precisely positioning early embryonic blastomeres. Although misplaced cell divisions can alter blastomere fates and cause embryonic ... -
Evolutionary and behavioral analysis of neuropeptides in bilaterians
(Doctoral thesis, 2017-06-29)Neuropeptides are a diverse group of neurosecretory signaling molecules that are utilized by the nervous system of all bilaterian animals. These signaling molecules are involved in most physiological processes and can play ... -
Pairwise comparisons across species are problematic when analyzing functional genomic data
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-04)There is considerable interest in comparing functional genomic data across species. One goal of such work is to provide an integrated understanding of genome and phenotype evolution. Most comparative functional genomic ... -
A novel measure of non-coding genome conservation identifies genomic regulatory blocks within primates
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-07)Motivation Clusters of extremely conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) mark genomic regions devoted to cis-regulation of key developmental genes in Metazoa. We have recently shown that their span coincides with that of ... -
Trans-splicing of mRNAs links gene transcription to translational control regulated by mTOR
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Background: In phylogenetically diverse organisms, the 5′ ends of a subset of mRNAs are trans-spliced with a spliced leader (SL) RNA. The functions of SL trans-splicing, however, remain largely enigmatic. Results: We ... -
Active mode of excretion across digestive tissues predates the origin of excretory organs
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Most bilaterian animals excrete toxic metabolites through specialized organs, such as nephridia and kidneys, which share morphological and functional correspondences. In contrast, excretion in non-nephrozoans is largely ... -
Understanding the genetics of neuropsychiatric disorders: the potential role of genomic regulatory blocks
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Recent genome-wide association studies have identified numerous loci associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. The majority of these are in non-coding regions, and are commonly assigned to the nearest gene along the ... -
Gap junction-dependent coordination of intercellular calcium signalling in the developing appendicularian tunicate Oikopleura dioica
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)We characterized spontaneous Ca2+ signals in Oikopleura dioica embryos from pre-fertilization to gastrula stages following injection of GCaMP6 mRNA into unfertilized eggs. The unfertilized egg exhibited regular, transient ... -
Exciting times to study the identity and evolution of cell types
(Journal article, 2019)The EMBO/EMBL Symposium on ‘The Identity and Evolution of Cell Types’ took place in Heidelberg, Germany, on 15-19 May 2019. The symposium, which brought together a diverse group of speakers addressing a wide range of ... -
Molecular patterning during the development of Phoronopsis harmeri reveals similarities to rhynchonelliform brachiopods
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Background: Phoronids, rhynchonelliform and linguliform brachiopods show striking similarities in their embryonic fate maps, in particular in their axis specification and regionalization. However, although brachiopod ... -
Five New Species of Guimaraesiella (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from Broadbills (Aves: Passeriformes: Calyptomenidae: Eurylaimidae)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Five new species of Guimaraesiella Eichler, 1949 are described and illustrated from hosts in the Eurylaimidae and Calyptomenidae. They are Guimaraesiella corydoni n. sp. from Corydon sumatranus laoensisMeyer de Schauensee, ... -
Hox gene expression in postmetamorphic juveniles of the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-08)Background: Hox genes encode a family of homeodomain containing transcription factors that are clustered together on chromosomes of many Bilateria. Some bilaterian lineages express these genes during embryogenesis in spatial ... -
Automated behavioural analysis reveals the basic behavioural repertoire of the urochordate Ciona intestinalis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-20)Quantitative analysis of animal behaviour in model organisms is becoming an increasingly essential approach for tackling the great challenge of understanding how activity in the brain gives rise to behaviour. Here we used ... -
Evolutionary Implications of the microRNA- and piRNA Complement of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-22)Gastrotrichs—’hairy bellies’—are microscopic free-living animals inhabiting marine and freshwater habitats. Based on morphological and early molecular analyses, gastrotrichs were placed close to nematodes, but recent ... -
Twenty million years of evolution: The embryogenesis of four Caenorhabditis species are indistinguishable despite extensive genome divergence
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-15)The four Caenorhabditis species C. elegans, C. briggsae, C. remanei and C. brenneri show more divergence at the genomic level than humans compared to mice (Stein et al., 2003; Cutter et al., 2006, 2008). However, the ... -
The architecture of cell differentiation in choanoflagellates and sponge choanocytes
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-12)Although collar cells are conserved across animals and their closest relatives, the choanoflagellates, little is known about their ancestry, their subcellular architecture, or how they differentiate. The choanoflagellate ... -
The Birth and Death of Toxins with Distinct Functions: A Case Study in the Sea Anemone Nematostella
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-27)The cnidarian Nematostella vectensis has become an established lab model, providing unique opportunities for venom evolution research. The Nematostella venom system is multimodal: involving both nematocytes and ectodermal ... -
Transcription start site mapping using super-low input carrier-CAGE
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-26)Cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) is a method used for single-nucleotide resolution detection of RNA polymerase II transcription start sites (TSSs). Accurate detection of TSSs enhances identification and discovery of ...