• Simulations of Busy Probabilities in the ALPIDE Chip and the Upgraded ALICE ITS Detector 

      Nesbø, Simon Voigt; Alme, Johan; Bonara, Matthias; Giubilato, Piero; Helstrup, Håvard; Hristozkov, Swetlomir; Aglieri Rinella, Gianluca; Røhrich, Dieter; Schambach, Joachim; Shahoyan, Ruben; Ullaland, Kjetil (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)
      For the Long Shutdown 2 (LS2) upgrade of the ITS detector in the ALICE experiment at the LHC, a novel pixel detector chip, the ALPIDE chip, has been developed. In the event of busy ALPIDE chips in the ITS detector, the ...
    • Simulations of CO2 injection in saline aquifer formations 

      Lågeide, Lars Andreas (Master thesis, 2009-07-14)
      This thesis is devoted to studies of long term storage of carbon dioxide in geological formations such as saline aquifers. The goal of the thesis is to contribute to the development of a totally integrated storage evaluation ...
    • Simulering og analys av 3-fase strømningseksperimenter 

      Schille, Arne Kristian (Master thesis, 2009-06-12)
      Formålet med denne oppgaven var å analysere og simulere strømningseksperimenter med 2 og 3 faser. Størsteparten av oppgaven dreide seg om å historietilpasse eksperimentene ved å endre relativ permeabilitetskurver og simulere ...
    • Simultaneous Development of Multiple Auroral Substorms: Double Auroral Bulge Formation 

      Ohtani, S.; Gjerløv, Jesper; McWilliams, Kathryn A.; Ruohoniemi, J. M.; Frey, Harald U. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The expansion phase of auroral substorms is characterized by the formation of an auroral bulge, and it is generally considered that a single bulge forms following each substorm onset. However, we find that occasionally two ...
    • Simultaneous Excitation of Helium by Means of an Electron and a Photon: A Joined Experimental and Theoretical Study 

      Ajana, Imane; Nehari, Driss; Khalil, Driss; Taoutioui, Abdelmalek; Agueny, Hicham; Makhoute, Abdelkader (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      We report on a joined experimental and theoretical study of differential cross-sections resulting from inelastic scattering of a monoenergetic electron by helium atoms in the presence of an intense carbon dioxide laser. ...
    • A Simultaneous Observation of Lightning by ASIM, Colombia-Lightning Mapping Array, GLM, and ISS-LIS 

      Montanyà, Joan; López, Jesús A.; Morales Rodriguez, Carlos A.; van der Velde, Oscar A.; Fabró, Ferran; Pineda, Nicolau; Navarro-Gonzalez, Javier; Reglero, Victor; Neubert, Torsten; Chanrion, Olivier; Goodman, Steven J.; Østgaard, Nikolai; Ladino-Rincon, Alfonso; Romero, David; Solà, Glòria; Horta, Ricard; Freijó, Modesto (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) on the International Space Station (ISS) provides optical radiances and images of lightning flashes in several spectral bands. This work presents a lightning flash simultaneously ...
    • Simultaneous Observations of EIP, TGF, Elve, and Optical Lightning 

      Østgaard, Nikolai; Cummer, S.A.; Mezentsev, Andrey; Luque, Alejandro; Dwyer, J.; Neubert, Torsten; Reglero, Victor; Marisaldi, Martino; Kochkin, Pavlo; Sarria, David Alexandre Stephan; Lehtinen, Nikolai Grigorievich; Ullaland, Kjetil; Yang, Shiming; Genov, Georgi; Chanrion, Olivier; Christiansen, Freddy; Pu, Y. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      On February 8, 2019, the Atmosphere-Space Interaction Monitor observed a terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF) and an Elve from a positive intracloud (+IC) lightning during the initial breakdown stage of a lightning flash north ...
    • Simultaneous observations of traveling convection vortices: Ionosphere-thermosphere coupling 

      Kim, Hyomin; Lessard, Marc R.; Jones, Sarah L.; Lynch, Kristina A.; Fernandes, Philip A.; Aruliah, Anasuya L.; Engebretson, Mark J.; Moen, Jøran Idar; Oksavik, Kjellmar; Yahnin, Alexander G.; Yeoman, Timothy K. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-05)
      We present simultaneous observations of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupling over Svalbard during a traveling convection vortex (TCV) event. Various spaceborne and ground-based instruments made coordinated ...
    • Simultaneous rocket and scintillation observations of plasma irregularities associated with a reversed flow event in the cusp ionosphere 

      Jin, Yaqi; Moen, Jøran Idar; Spicher, Andres; Oksavik, Kjellmar; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Pożoga, Mariusz; Saito, Yoshifumi (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-08-02)
      We present an overview of the ionospheric conditions during the launch of the Investigation of Cusp Irregularities 3 (ICI‐3) sounding rocket. ICI‐3 was launched from Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard, at 7:21.31 UT on 3 December 2011. ...
    • Single Event Upsets in SRAM FPGA based readout electronics for the Time Projection Chamber in the ALICE experiment 

      Røed, Ketil (Doctoral thesis, 2009-12-11)
      Single Event Upsets in SRAM FPGA based readout electronics for the Time Projection Chamber in the ALICE experiment irradiation test results have been used to predict the single event upset rate expected during operation ...
    • Single-Cell Tests to Explore the Reliability of Sofc Installations Operating Offshore 

      Thambiraj, Nelson; Warnhus, I.; Suciu, C.; Vik, Arild; Hoffmann, Alex Christian (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      This paper studies the robustness of off-shore solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) installations and the nature and causes of possible cell degradation in marine environments. Two important, cathode-related, impediments to ensuring ...
    • Skaleringskriterier for vannflømming i sandstein og tertiær oljeutvinning ved bruk av CO2 

      Nybø, Sigurd (Master thesis, 2011-06-14)
      I forbindelse med studier for økt oljeproduksjon utføres kjerneanalyse på kjerneprøver som representerer en liten fraksjon av oljereservoarer. I korte kjerneprøver vil de kapillære endeeffektene påvirke flømmingene, noe ...
    • Small Scale Hydrocarbon Fire Test Concept 

      Bjørge, Joachim Søreng; Metallinou, Maria-Monika; Kraaijeveld, Arjen; Log, Torgrim (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-11-14)
      In the oil and gas industry, hydrocarbon process equipment was previously often thermally insulated by applying insulation directly to the metal surface. Fire protective insulation was applied outside the thermal insulation. ...
    • Small-Scale Crisis in Cosmology – Sterile Neutrinos to the Rescue? 

      Kersten, Jörn (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-04-24)
      The ΛCDM standard model of cosmology is in excellent agreement with data on large scales but has difficulty explaining all observations on small scales. I discuss a simple particle physics model involving a new MeV-scale ...
    • Soft-Dielectron Excess in Proton-Proton Collisions at s =13 TeV 

      Acharya, Shreyasi; Adamová, D.; Adler, Alexander; Adolfsson, Jonatan; Aggarwal, M.M.; Aglieri Rinella, Rinella; Agnello, M.; Agrawal, N.; Ahammed, Z.; Ahmad, S.; Ahn, S.U.; Akbar, Z.; Akindinov, A.; Al-Turany, M.; Alam, S.N.; Albuquerque, D.S.D.; Aleksandrov, D.; Alessandro, B.; Alfanda, H.M.; Alfaro Molina, Molina; Ali, B.; Ali, Y.; Alici, A.; Alizadehvandchali, N.; Alkin, A.; Alme, Johan; Alt, T.; Altenkaemper, Lucas; Altsybeev, I.; Anaam, M.N.; Andrei, C.; Andreou, D.; Andronic, A.; Angeletti, M.; Anguelov, V.; Anson, C.; Antičić, T.; Antinori, F.; Antonioli, P.; Apadula, N.; Aphecetche, L.; Appelshäuser, H.; Arcelli, S.; Arnaldi, R.; Arratia, M.; Arsene, Ionut Cristian; Arslandok, M.; Augustinus, A.; Averbeck, R.; Aziz, S.; Azmi, M.D.; Badalà, A.; Baek, Y.W.; Bagnasco, S.; Bai, X.; Bailhache, R; Bala, R.; Balbino, A.; Baldisseri, A.; Ball, M.; Balouza, S.; Banerjee, D.; Barbera, R.; Barioglio, L.; Barnaföldi, G.G.; Barnby, L.S.; Barret, V.; Bartalini, P.; Bartels, C.; Barth, K.; Bartsch, E.; Baruffaldi, F.; Bastid, N.; Basu, S.; Batigne, G.; Batyunya, B.; Bauri, D.; Bazo Alba, Alba; Bearden, I.G.; Beattie, C.; Bedda, C.; Behera, N.K.; Belikov, I.; Bell Hechavarria, Hechavarria; Bellini, F.; Bellwied, R.; Belyaev, V.; Bencedi, G.; Beole, S.; Bercuci, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Berenyi, D.; Bertens, R.A.; Berzano, D.; Besoiu, M.G.; Betev, L.; Bhasin, A.; Bhat, I.R.; Bhat, M.A.; Bhatt, H.; Bhattacharjee, B.; Bianchi, A.; Bianchi, L.; Bianchi, N.; Bielčík, J.; Bielčíková, J.; Bilandzic, A.; Biro, G.; Biswas, R.; Biswas, S.; Blair, J.T.; Blau, D.; Blume, C.; Boca, G.; Bock, F.; Bogdanov, A.; Boi, S.; Bok, J.; Boldizsár, L.; Bolozdynya, A.; Bombara, M.; Bonomi, G.; Borel, H.; Borissov, A.; Bossi, H.; Botta, E.; Bratrud, L.; Braun-Munzinger, P.; Bregant, M.; Broz, M.; Bruna, E.; Bruno, G.E.; Buckland, M.D.; Budnikov, D.; Buesching, H.; Bufalino, S.; Bugnon, O.; Buhler, P.; Buncic, P.; Buthelezi, Z.; Butt, J.B.; Bysiak, S.A.; Caffarri, D.; Caliva, A.; Calvo Villar, Villar; Camacho, J.M.M.; Camacho, R.S.; Camerini, P.; Canedo, F.D.M.; Capon, A.A.; Carnesecchi, F.; Caron, R.; Castillo Castellanos, Castellanos; Castro, A.J.; Casula, E.A.R.; Catalano, F.; Ceballos Sanchez, Sanchez; Chakraborty, P.; Chandra, S.; Chang, W.; Chapeland, S.; Chartier, M.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chauvin, A.; Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Chibante Barroso, Barroso; Chinellato, D.D.; Cho, S.; Chochula, P.; Chowdhury, T.; Christakoglou, P.; Christensen, C.H.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Cicalo, C.; Cifarelli, L.; Cilladi, L.D.; Cindolo, F.; Ciupek, M.R.; Clai, G.; Cleymans, J.; Colamaria, F.; Colella, D.; Collu, A.; Colocci, M.; Concas, M.; Conesa Balbastre, Balbastre; Conesa Del Valle, Del; Contin, G.; Contreras, J.G.; Cormier, T.M.; Corrales Morales, Morales; Cortese, P.; Cosentino, M.R.; Costa, F.; Costanza, S.; Crochet, P.; Cuautle, E.; Cui, P.; Cunqueiro, L.; Dabrowski, D.; Dahms, T.; Dainese, A.; Damas, F.P.A.; Danisch, M.C.; Danu, A.; Das, D.; Das, I.; Das, P.; Das, P.; Das, S.; Dash, A.; Dash, S.; De, S.; De Caro, Caro; De Cataldo, Cataldo; De Cuveland, Cuveland; De Falco, Falco; De Gruttola, D.; De Marco, Marco; De Pasquale, Pasquale; Deb, S.; Degenhardt, H.F.; Deja, K.R.; Deloff, A.; Delsanto, S.; Deng, W.; Dhankher, P.; Di Bari, Bari; Di Mauro, Mauro; Diaz, R.A.; Dietel, T.; Dillenseger, P.; Ding, Y.; Divià, R.; Dixit, D.U.; Djuvsland, Øystein; Dmitrieva, U.; Dobrin, A.; Dönigus, B.; Dordic, Olja; Dubey, A.K.; Dubla, A.; Dudi, S.; Dukhishyam, M.; Dupieux, P.; Ehlers, R.J.; Eikeland, Viljar Nilsen; Elia, D.; Erazmus, B.; Erhardt, F.; Erokhin, A.; Ersdal, Magnus Rentsch; Espagnon, B.; Eulisse, G.; Evans, D.; Evdokimov, S.; Fabbietti, L.; Faggin, M.; Faivre, J.; Fan, F.; Fantoni, A.; Fasel, M.; Fecchio, P.; Feliciello, A.; Feofilov, G.; Fernández Téllez, Tellez; Ferrero, A.; Ferretti, A.; Festanti, A.; Feuillard, V.J.G.; Figiel, J.; Filchagin, S.; Finogeev, D.; Fionda, Fiorella Maria Celeste; Fiorenza, G.; Flor, F.; Flores, A.N.; Foertsch, S.; Foka, P.; Fokin, S.; Fragiacomo, E.; Frankenfeld, Ulrich; Fuchs, U.; Furget, C.; Furs, A.; Fusco Girard, Girard; Gaardhøje, J.J.; Gagliardi, M.; Gago, A.M.; Gal, A.; Galvan, C.D.; Ganoti, P.; Garabatos, C.; Garcia, J.R.A.; Garcia-Solis, E.; Garg, K.; Gargiulo, C.; Garibli, A.; Garner, K.; Gasik, P.; Gauger, E.F.; Gay Ducati, Ducati; Germain, M.; Ghosh, J.; Ghosh, P.; Ghosh, S.K.; Giacalone, M.; Gianotti, P.; Giubellino, P.; Giubilato, P.; Glaenzer, A.M.C.; Glässel, P.; Gomez Ramirez, Ramirez; Gonzalez, V.; González-Trueba, L.H.; Gorbunov, Sergey; Görlich, L.; Goswami, A.; Gotovac, S.; Grabski, V.; Graczykowski, L.K.; Graham, K.L.; Greiner, L.; Grelli, A.; Grigoras, C.; Grigoriev, V.; Grigoryan, A.; Grigoryan, S.; Grøttvik, Ola Slettevoll; Grosa, F.; Grosse-Oetringhaus, J.F.; Grosso, R.; Guernane, R.; Guittiere, M.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gunji, Taku; Gupta, A.; Gupta, R.; Guzman, I.B.; Haake, R.; Habib, M.K.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamar, G.; Hamid, M.; Hannigan, R.; Haque, M.R.; Harlenderova, A.; Harris, J.W.; Harton, A.; Hasenbichler, J.A.; Hassan, H.; Hassan, Q.U.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; Hauer, P.; Havener, L.B.; Hayashi, S.; Heckel, S.T.; Hellbär, E.; Helstrup, Håvard; Herghelegiu, A.; Herman, T.; Hernandez, E.G.; Herrera Corral, Corral; Herrmann, F.; Hetland, Kristin Fanebust; Hillemanns, H.; Hills, C.; Hippolyte, B.; Hohlweger, B.; Honermann, J.; Horak, D.; Hornung, A.; Hornung, S.; Hosokawa, R.; Hristov, P.; Huang, C.; Hughes, C.; Huhn, P.; Humanic, T.J.; Hushnud, H.; Husova, L.A.; Hussain, N.; Hussain, S.A.; Hutter, D.; Iddon, J.P.; Ilkaev, R.; Ilyas, H.; Inaba, M.; Innocenti, G.M.; Ippolitov, M.; Isakov, A.; Islam, M.S.; Ivanov, M.; Ivanov, V.; Izucheev, V.; Jacak, B.; Jacazio, N.; Jacobs, P.M.; Jadlovska, S.; Jadlovsky, J.; Jaelani, S.; Jahnke, C.; Jakubowska, M.J.; Janik, M.A.; Janson, T.; Jercic, M.; Jevons, O.; Jin, M.; Jonas, F.; Jones, P.G.; Jung, J.; Jung, M.; Jusko, A.; Kalinak, P.; Kalweit, A.; Kaplin, V.; Kar, S.; Karasu Uysal, Uysal; Karatovic, D.; Karavichev, O.; Karavicheva, T.; Karczmarczyk, P.; Karpechev, E.; Kazantsev, A.; Kebschull, U.; Keidel, Ralf; Keil, M.; Ketzer, B.; Khabanova, Z.; Khan, A.M.; Khan, S.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kharlov, Y.; Khatun, A.; Khuntia, A.; Kileng, Bjarte; Kim, B.; Kim, B.; Kim, D.; Kim, D.J.; Kim, E.J.; Kim, H.; Kim, J.; Kim, J.S.; Kim, J.; Kim, J.; Kim, J.; Kim, M.; Kim, S.; Kim, T.; Kim, T.; Kirsch, S.; Kisel, I.; Kiselev, S.; Kisiel, A.; Klay, J.L.; Klein, C.; Klein, J.; Klein, S.; Klein-Bösing, C.; Kleiner, M.; Kluge, A.; Knichel, M.L.; Knospe, A.G.; Kobdaj, C.; Köhler, M.K.; Kollegger, T.; Kondratyev, A.; Kondratyeva, N.; Kondratyuk, E.; Konig, J.; Konigstorfer, S.A.; Konopka, P.J.; Kornakov, G.; Koska, L.; Kovalenko, O.; Kovalenko, V.; Kowalski, M.; Králik, I.; Kravčáková, A.; Kreis, L.; Krivda, M.; Krizek, F.; Krizkova Gajdosova, Gajdosova; Krüger, M.; Kryshen, E.; Krzewicki, M.; Kubera, A.M.; Kučera, V.; Kuhn, C.; Kuijer, P.G.; Kumar, L.; Kundu, S.; Kurashvili, P.; Kurepin, A.; Kurepin, A.B.; Kuryakin, A.; Kushpil, S.; Kvapil, J.; Kweon, M.J.; Kwon, J.Y.; Kwon, Y.; La Pointe, Pointe; La Rocca, Rocca; Lai, Y.S.; Lamanna, M.; Langøy, Rune; Lapidus, K.; Lardeux, Antoine Xavier; Larionov, P.; Laudi, E.; Lavicka, R.; Lazareva, T.; Lea, R.; Leardini, L.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Lehner, S.; Lehrbach, J.; Lemmon, R.C.; León Monzón, Monzon; Lesser, E.D.; Lettrich, M.; Lévai, P.; Li, X.; Li, X.L.; Lien, Jørgen André; Lietava, R.; Lim, B.; Lindenstruth, V.; Lindner, A.; Lippmann, C.; Lisa, M.A.; Liu, A.; Liu, J.; Liu, S.; Llope, W.J.; Lofnes, Ingrid Mckibben; Loginov, V.; Loizides, C.; Loncar, P.; Lopez, J.A.; Lopez, X.; López Torres, Torres; Luhder, J.R.; Lunardon, M.; Luparello, G.; Ma, Y.G.; Maevskaya, A.; Mager, M.; Mahmood, S.M.; Mahmoud, T.; Maire, A.; Majka, R.D.; Malaev, M.; Malik, Qasim Waheed; Malinina, L.; Mal'Kevich, D.; Malzacher, P.; Mandaglio, G.; Manko, V.; Manso, F.; Manzari, V.; Mao, Y.; Marchisone, M.; Mareš, J.; Margagliotti, G.V.; Margotti, A.; Marín, A.; Markert, C.; Marquard, M.; Martin, C.D.; Martin, N.A.; Martinengo, P.; Martinez, J.L.; Martínez, M.I.; Martínez García, Garcia; Masciocchi, S.; Masera, M.; Masoni, A.; Massacrier, L.; Masson, E.; Mastroserio, A.; Mathis, A.M.; Matonoha, O.; Matuoka, P.F.T.; Matyja, A.; Mayer, C.; Mazzaschi, F.; Mazzilli, M.; Mazzoni, MA; Mechler, A.F.; Meddi, F.; Melikyan, Y.; Menchaca-Rocha, A.; Mengke, C.; Meninno, E.; Menon, A.S.; Meres, M.; Mhlanga, S.; Miake, Y.; Micheletti, L.; Migliorin, L.C.; Mihaylov, D.L.; Mikhaylov, K.; Mishra, A.N.; Miśkowiec, D.; Modak, A.; Mohammadi, N.; Mohanty, A.P.; Mohanty, B.; Mohisin Khan, Khan; Moravcova, Z.; Mordasini, C.; Moreira De Godoy, De; Moreno, L.A.P.; Morozov, I.; Morsch, A.; Mrnjavac, T.; Muccifora, V.; Mudnic, E.; Mühlheim, D.; Muhuri, S.; Mulligan, J.D.; Mulliri, A.; Munhoz, M.G.; Munzer, R.H.; Murakami, H.; Murray, S.; Musa, L.; Musinsky, J.; Myers, C.J.; Myrcha, J.W.; Naik, B.; Nair, R.; Nandi, B.K.; Nania, R.; Nappi, E.; Naru, M.U.; Nassirpour, A.F.; Nattrass, C.; Nayak, R.; Nayak, T.K.; Nazarenko, S.; Neagu, A.; Negrao De Oliveira, De; Nellen, L.; Nesbø, Simon Voigt; Neskovic, G.; Nesterov, D.; Neumann, L.T.; Nielsen, B.S.; Nikolaev, S.; Nikulin, S.; Nikulin, V.; Noferini, F.; Nomokonov, P.; Norman, J.; Novitzky, N.; Nowakowski, P.; Nyanin, A.; Nystrand, Joakim Ingemar; Ogino, M.; Ohlson, A.; Oleniacz, J.; Oliveira Da Silva, Da; Oliver, M.H.; Oppedisano, C.; Ortiz Velasquez, Velasquez; Oskarsson, A.; Otwinowski, J.; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Pacik, V.; Padhan, S.; Pagano, Davide; Paić, G.; Pan, J.; Panebianco, S.; Pareek, P.; Park, J.; Parkkila, J.E.; Parmar, S.; Pathak, S.P.; Paul, B.; Pazzini, J.; Pei, H.; Peitzmann, T.; Peng, X.; Pereira, L.G.; Pereira Da Costa, Da; Peresunko, D.; Perez, G.M.; Perrin, S.; Pestov, Y.; Petráček, V.; Petrovici, M.; Pezzi, R.P.; Piano, S.; Pikna, M.; Pillot, P.; Pinazza, O.; Pinsky, L.; Pinto, C.; Pisano, S.; Pistone, D.; Płoskoń, M.; Planinic, M.; Pliquett, F.; Poghosyan, M.G.; Polichtchouk, B.; Poljak, N.; Pop, A.; Porteboeuf-Houssais, S.; Pozdniakov, V.; Prasad, S.K.; Preghenella, R.; Prino, F.; Pruneau, C.A.; Pshenichnov, I.; Puccio, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, S.; Quaglia, L.; Quishpe, R.E.; Ragoni, S.; Raha, S.; Rajput, S.; Rak, J.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Ramello, L.; Rami, F.; Ramirez, S.A.R.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Räsänen, S.S.; Rath, R.; Ratza, V.; Ravasenga, I.; Read, K.F.; Redelbach, A.R.; Redlich, K.; Rehman, Attiq Ur; Reichelt, P.; Reidt, F.; Ren, X.; Renfordt, R.; Rescakova, Z.; Reygers, K.; Riabov, A.; Riabov, V.; Richert, T.; Richter, M.; Riedler, P.; Riegler, W.; Riggi, F.; Ristea, C.; Rode, S.P.; Rodríguez Cahuantzi, Cahuantzi; Røed, Ketil; Rogalev, R.; Rogochaya, E.; Rohr, D.; Röhrich, Dieter; Rojas, P.F.; Rokita, P.S.; Ronchetti, F.; Rosano, A.; Rosas, E.D.; Roslon, K.; Rossi, A.; Rotondi, A.; Roy, A.; Roy, P.; Rueda, O.V.; Rui, R.; Rumyantsev, B.; Rustamov, A.; Ryabinkin, E.; Ryabov, YF; Rybicki, A.; Rytkonen, H.; Saarimaki, O.A.M.; Sadek, R.; Sadhu, S.; Sadovsky, S.; Šafařík, K.; Saha, S.K.; Sahoo, B.; Sahoo, P.; Sahoo, R.; Sahoo, S.; Sahu, P.K.; Saini, J.; Sakai, S.; Sambyal, S.; Samsonov, V.; Sarkar, D.; Sarkar, N.; Sarma, P.; Sarti, V.M.; Sas, M.H.P.; Scapparone, E.; Schambach, J.; Scheid, H.S.; Schiaua, C.; Schicker, R.; Schmah, A.; Schmidt, C.; Schmidt, H.R.; Schmidt, M.O.; Schmidt, M.; Schmidt, N.V.; Schmier, A.R.; Schukraft, J.; Schutz, Y.; Schwarz, K.; Schweda, K.; Scioli, G.; Scomparin, E.; Seger, J.E.; Sekiguchi, Y.; Sekihata, D.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Senyukov, S.; Serebryakov, D.; Sevcenco, A.; Shabanov, A.; Shabetai, A.; Shahoyan, R.; Shaikh, W.; Shangaraev, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, H.; Sharma, M.; Sharma, N.; Sharma, S.; Sheibani, O.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shirinkin, S.; Shou, Q.; Sibiriak, Y.; Siddhanta, S.; Siemiarczuk, T.; Silvermyr, D.; Simatovic, G.; Simonetti, G.; Singh, B.; Singh, R.; Singh, R.; Singh, R.; Singh, V.K.; Singhal, V.; Sinha, T.; Sitar, B.; Sitta, M.; Skaali, T.B.; Slupecki, M.; Smirnov, N.; Snellings, R.J.M.; Soncco, C.; Song, J.; Songmoolnak, A.; Soramel, F.; Sorensen, S.; Sputowska, I.; Stachel, J.; Stan, I.; Steffanic, P.J.; Stenlund, E; Stiefelmaier, S.F.; Stocco, D.; Storetvedt, Maksim Melnik; Stritto, L.D.; Suaide, A.A.P.; Sugitate, T.; Suire, C.; Suleymanov, M.; Suljic, M.; Sultanov, R.; Šumbera, M.; Sumberia, V.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Swain, S.; Szabo, A.; Szarka, I.; Tabassam, U.; Taghavi, S.F.; Taillepied, G.; Takahashi, J.; Tambave, Ganesh Jagannath; Tang, S.; Tarhini, M.; Tarzila, M.G.; Tauro, A.; Tejeda Muñoz, Munoz; Telesca, A.; Terlizzi, L.; Terrevoli, C.; Thakur, D.; Thakur, S.; Thomas, D.; Thoresen, F.; Tieulent, R.; Tikhonov, A.; Timmins, A.R.; Toia, Alberica; Topilskaya, N.; Toppi, M.; Torales-Acosta, F.; Torres, S.R.; Trifiró, A.; Tripathy, S.; Tripathy, T.; Trogolo, S.; Trombetta, G.; Tropp, L.; Trubnikov, V.; Trzaska, W.H.; Trzcinski, T.P.; Trzeciak, B.A.; Tumkin, A.; Turrisi, R.; Tveter, Trine Spedstad; Ullaland, Kjetil; Umaka, E.N.; Uras, A.; Usai, G.L.; Vala, M.; Valle, N.; Vallero, S.; Van Der Kolk, Der; Van Doremalen, Doremalen; Van Leeuwen, Leeuwen; Vande Vyvre, Vyvre; Varga, D.; Varga, Z.; Varga-Kofarago, M.; Vargas, A.; Vasileiou, M.; Vasiliev, A.; Vázquez Doce, Doce; Vechernin, V.; Vercellin, E.; Vergara Limón, Limon; Vermunt, L.; Vernet, R.; Vértesi, R.; Vickovic, L.; Vilakazi, Z.; Villalobos Baillie, Baillie; Vino, G.; Vinogradov, A.; Virgili, T.; Vislavicius, V.; Vodopyanov, A.; Volkel, B.; Völkl, M.A.; Voloshin, K.; Voloshin, S.A.; Volpe, G.; Von Haller, Haller; Vorobyev, I.; Voscek, D.; Vrláková, J.; Wagner, Boris; Weber, M.; Weber, S.G.; Wegrzynek, A.; Wenzel, S.C.; Wessels, J.P.; Wiechula, J.; Wikne, Jon Christopher; Wilk, G.; Wilkinson, J.; Willems, G.A.; Willsher, E.; Windelband, B.; Winn, M.; Witt, W.E.; Wright, J.R.; Wu, Y.; Xu, R.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yamakawa, K.; Yang, Shiming; Yano, S.; Yin, Z.; Yokoyama, H.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yoon, J.H.; Yuan, Shiming; Yuncu, A.; Yurchenko, V.; Zaccolo, V.; Zaman, A.; Zampolli, C.; Zanoli, H.J.C.; Zardoshti, N.; Zarochentsev, A.; Závada, P.; Zaviyalov, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zhalov, M.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Z.; Zherebchevskii, V.; Zhi, Y.; Zhou, D.; Zhou, Y.; Zhou, Zhuo; Zhu, J.; Zhu, Y.; Zichichi, A.; Zinovjev, G.; Zurlo, N.; Mahmood, Sohail Musa; Neagu, Alexandra; Richter, Matthias; Skaali, Toralf Bernhard (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      A measurement of dielectron production in proton-proton (pp) collisions at √s=13 TeV, recorded with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC, is presented in this Letter. The data set was recorded with a reduced magnetic solenoid ...
    • Softly broken symmetries in the 2HDM — an invariant formulation 

      Ferreira, P.M.; Grzadkowski, B.; Øgreid, Odd Magne; Osland, Per (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Soft breaking of a symmetry requires an invariance of the dimension-4 part of the Lagrangian and non-trivial variation of the lower-dimensional part. However, in general, separation between the dim-4 and lower-dimensional ...
    • Solar cells of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition method 

      Subramaniam, E.P.; Rajesh, G.; Muthukumarasamy, Natarajan; Thambidurai, M.; Asokan, Vijayshankar; Velauthapillai, Dhayalan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      Solar cells based on kesterite-type Cu2ZnSnS4 have been successfully fabricated on ITO substrates by cost effective chemical bath deposition method. The structural properties of the material have been studied using X-ray ...
    • Solar Cycle and Solar Wind Dependence of the Occurrence of Large dB/dt Events at High Latitudes 

      Milan, Stephen Eric; Imber, S.M.; Fleetham, A.L.; Gjerløv, Jesper (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      We investigate sharp changes in magnetic field that can produce Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) which damage pipelines and power grids. We use one-minute cadence SuperMAG observations to find the occurrence ...
    • Solar illumination control of ionospheric outflow above polar cap arcs 

      Maes, Lukas; Maggiolo, Romain; De Keyser, Johan; Dandouras, Iannis; Fear, Robert C.; Fontaine, Dominique; Haaland, Stein (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-03-12)
      We measure the flux density, composition, and energy of outflowing ions above the polar cap, accelerated by quasi-static electric fields parallel to the magnetic field and associated with polar cap arcs, using Cluster. ...
    • Solar illumination dependence of the auroral electrojet intensity: Interplay between the solar zenith angle and dipole tilt 

      Ohtani, Shinici; Gjerløv, Jesper; Johnsen, Magnar Gullikstad; Yamauchi, Masatoshi; Brändström, Urban; Lewis, Andrew M. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-08)
      The present study investigates the dependence of the local auroral electrojet (AEJ) intensity on solar illumination by statistically examining northward geomagnetic disturbances in the auroral zone in terms of the solar ...