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dc.contributor.authorTorvik, Fartein Ask
dc.contributor.authorEilertsen, Espen Moen
dc.contributor.authorMcAdams, Tom A.
dc.contributor.authorGustavson, Kristin
dc.contributor.authorZachrisson, Henrik Daae
dc.contributor.authorBrandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek
dc.contributor.authorGjerde, Line C.
dc.contributor.authorHavdahl, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorStoltenberg, Camilla
dc.contributor.authorAsk, Helga
dc.contributor.authorYstrøm, Eivind
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-08T14:55:57Z
dc.date.available2021-02-08T14:55:57Z
dc.date.created2020-03-10T09:48:53Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.PublishedJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2020, 61 (9), 1009-1018.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0021-9630
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2726678
dc.description.abstractBackground: Low educational attainment in parents is associated with child psychopathology. It is not clear whether the associations are due to risk factors that family members share or due to effects of maternal or paternal education on the offspring. We investigate whether associations between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and academic problems are due to shared genetic factors, shared family environmental factors, or effects of the parental phenotype educational attainment itself. Methods: This study is based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). The sample comprised 34,958 children (17,128 girls) in 28,372 extended‐family units. We used data from related nuclear families linked by siblings in the parent generation. We applied a quasi‐experimental extended children‐of‐twins design that included siblings in both generations and took account of nonrandom mating by including partners. Educational attainment was self‐reported by mothers and fathers. Mothers reported children's symptoms of ADHD, symptoms of depression, and academic problems by questionnaire when the children were 8 years old. Results: Children of lowly educated parents scored higher on all outcomes and had an approximate doubling of the risk of high symptom levels. The association between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of ADHD and academic problems persisted after controlling for shared genetic and family environmental factors. Phenotypic transmission to depression was weaker and in the best fitting model fully explained by genetic factors shared by the two generations. Conclusions: Associations between educational attainment of mothers and fathers and child symptoms of ADHD and academic problems could not be ascribed to shared familial risk factors, whereas associations with symptoms of depression could. Parental education or resources and behaviors resulting from low education might be targets of interventions aimed at reducing symptoms of ADHD and academic problems.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleMechanisms linking parental educational attainment with child ADHD, depression, and academic problems: a study of extended families in The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Studyen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2020 The Authors.en_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode2
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/jcpp.13197
dc.identifier.cristin1800794
dc.source.journalJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatryen_US
dc.source.4061en_US
dc.source.149en_US
dc.source.pagenumber1009-1018en_US


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Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal