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dc.contributor.authorLorenz, Torge
dc.contributor.authorMayer, Stephanie
dc.contributor.authorKral, Stephan Thomas
dc.contributor.authorSuomi, Irene
dc.contributor.authorSteeneveld, Gert Jan
dc.contributor.authorHoltslag, Albert A.M.
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-15T11:13:13Z
dc.date.available2022-06-15T11:13:13Z
dc.date.created2022-05-25T16:11:18Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.issn0035-9009
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2998860
dc.description.abstractA realistic representation of the stable atmospheric boundary layer in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models is still a challenge. We study the evolution of a stable boundary layer over snow-covered sea ice in Bothnian Bay during wintertime in 2018. We perform high-resolution model experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting model in its single-column model configuration and its default mesoscale configuration to assess which physical processes are essential to predict near-surface variables correctly. We evaluate our model runs against the unique observational dataset collected during ISOBAR18, which combines novel, upper-air measurements by an uncrewed aircraft system with wind lidar, sodar, and conventional meteorological mast data. By analysing surface fluxes in the single-column model, we demonstrate how the atmospheric cooling at the ground can be modelled more realistically than in the mesoscale set-up. We show that surface albedo and sea-ice thickness are essential for the surface energy balance in the model, and we demonstrate how the surface fluxes in the mesoscale downscaling with default settings are subject to strong biases. We also show that the ERA5 reanalysis is not capable of representing the observed surface meteorology in the stable atmospheric boundary layer. Our study illustrates the importance of surface albedo and sea-ice thickness for NWP models. Though a seasonal snow albedo is already in use in many NWP settings, the routine inclusion of sea-ice thickness, in particular, would be a great step forward for weather forecasts and regional climate simulations.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleThe stable atmospheric boundary layer over snow-covered sea ice: Model evaluation with fine-scale ISOBAR18 observationsen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2022 The Authorsen_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode2
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/qj.4293
dc.identifier.cristin2027470
dc.source.journalQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Societyen_US
dc.source.pagenumber2031-2046en_US
dc.identifier.citationQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 2022, 148 (745), 2031-2046.en_US
dc.source.volume148en_US
dc.source.issue745en_US


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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal