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dc.contributor.authorZahl, Sverre Mortenen_US
dc.contributor.authorEgge, Arilden_US
dc.contributor.authorHelseth, Eiriken_US
dc.contributor.authorWester, Knuten_US
dc.date.accessioned2011-11-29T10:28:16Z
dc.date.available2011-11-29T10:28:16Z
dc.date.issued2011-06-07eng
dc.PublishedNeurosurgical Review 34(4): 417-432en
dc.identifier.issn0344-5607
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1956/5247
dc.description.abstractBenign external hydrocephalus in infants, characterized by macrocephaly and typical neuroimaging findings, is considered as a self-limiting condition and is therefore rarely treated. This review concerns all aspects of this condition: etiology, neuroimaging, symptoms and clinical findings, treatment, and outcome, with emphasis on management. The review is based on a systematic search in the Pubmed and Web of Science databases. The search covered various forms of hydrocephalus, extracerebral fluid, and macrocephaly. Studies reporting small children with idiopathic external hydrocephalus were included, mostly focusing on the studies reporting a long-term outcome. A total of 147 studies are included, the majority however with a limited methodological quality. Several theories regarding pathophysiology and various symptoms, signs, and clinical findings underscore the heterogeneity of the condition. Neuroimaging is important in the differentiation between external hydrocephalus and similar conditions. A transient delay of psychomotor development is commonly seen during childhood. A long-term outcome is scarcely reported, and the results are varying. Although most children with external hydrocephalus seem to do well both initially and in the long term, a substantial number of patients show temporary or permanent psychomotor delay. To verify that this truly is a benign condition, we suggest that future research on external hydrocephalus should focus on the long-term effects of surgical treatment as opposed to conservative management.en_US
dc.language.isoengeng
dc.publisherSpringereng
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internasjonal
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.noeng
dc.subjectCommunicating hydrocephaluseng
dc.subjectMacrocephalyeng
dc.subjectIntracranial pressureeng
dc.subjectSubarachnoid spaceeng
dc.titleBenign external hydrocephalus: a review, with emphasis on managementen_US
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s) 2011
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-011-0327-4
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Pediatrics: 760eng
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Neurosurgery: 786eng


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