Browsing Faculty of Medicine by Title
Now showing items 1653-1672 of 8886
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Corticosteroid use and risk of orofacial clefts
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-06)Background: Maternal use of corticosteroids during early pregnancy has been inconsistently associated with orofacial clefts in the offspring. A previous report from the National Birth Defect Prevention Study (NBDPS), using ... -
Corticosteroids and superinfections in COVID-19 patients on invasive mechanical ventilation
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Objectives To determine the incidence and characteristics of superinfections in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients, and the impact of dexamethasone as standard therapy. Methods This multicentre, observational, ... -
Cosinor modelling of seasonal variation in 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in cardiovascular patients in Norway
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)Background/Objectives: Seasonal variation may reduce the validity of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) as a biomarker of vitamin D status. Here we aimed to identify potential determinants of seasonal variation in 25OHD concentrations ... -
COSMOS-improving the quality of life in nursing home patients: Protocol for an effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized clinical hybrid trial
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-09-15)Background: Nursing home patients have complex mental and physical health problems, disabilities and social needs, combined with widespread prescription of psychotropic drugs. Preservation of their quality of life is an ... -
Cost Analysis for Implementing an Integrated Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease Interventions (PEN-Plus) in Kondoa District Hospital, Tanzania: A Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) Study.
(Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constitute approximately three-quarter (74%) of global mortality, with 77% of these deaths occurring in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Tanzania exemplifies this ... -
Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Cervical Precancerous Lesion Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
(Master thesis, 2023-05-15)Background: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). About 90% of all cervical cancer mortality occurs in LMICs. WHO recommends the use of thermal ... -
Cost and cost-effectiveness of treating smear-positive tuberculosis by health extension workers in Ethiopia: an ancillary cost-effectiveness analysis of community randomized trial
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2010-02-17)Background: Evidence for policy- and decision-making related to the cost of delivering tuberculosis (TB) control is lacking in Ethiopia. We aimed to determine the cost and cost-effectiveness of involving health extension ... -
Cost effectiveness of adding budesonide/formoterol to tiotropium in COPD in four Nordic countries
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013-11)Objective: Assess the cost effectiveness of budesonide/formoterol (BUD/FORM) Turbuhaler®+tiotropium (TIO) HandiHaler® vs. placebo (PBO)+TIO in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) eligible for inhaled ... -
Cost estimates of HIV care and treatment with and without anti-retroviral therapy at Arba Minch Hospital in southern Ethiopia
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-04-13)Background: Little is known about the costs of HIV care in Ethiopia. Objective: To estimate the average per person year (PPY) cost of care for HIV patients with and without anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in a district ... -
Cost of childhood cancer treatment in Ethiopia
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-02)Background: Despite the recent interest in expanding pediatric oncology units in Ethiopia, reflected in the National Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Control Plan (NCACCP), little is known about the cost of running a pediatric ... -
Cost of image-guided percutaneous nephrostomy among cervical cancer patients at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Background Most cervical cancer patients in developing countries seek care in health facilities with an advanced disease, often characterized by obstructive uropathy. This study aims to estimate the cost of an image-guided ... -
Cost of individual peer counselling for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding in Uganda
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2011-06-29)Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months is the recommended form of infant feeding. Support of mothers through individual peer counselling has been proved to be effective in increasing exclusive breastfeeding ... -
The cost of multiple sclerosis in Norway
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2010-11-16)Health economic aspects have been increasingly important during introduction of new treatments for multiple sclerosis. As a partial response for Norway, a costof- illness study was carried out to estimate the yearly cost ... -
Cost utility analysis of intramedullary nailing and skeletal traction treatment for patients with femoral shaft fractures in Malawi
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Background and purpose — In Malawi, both skeletal traction (ST) and intramedullary nailing (IMN) are used in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures, ST being the mainstay treatment. Previous studies have found that IMN ... -
Cost-analysis of COVID-19 sample collection, diagnosis, and contact tracing in low resource setting: The case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Background Ethiopia has been responding to the COVID-19 pandemic through a combination of interventions, including non-pharmaceutical interventions, quarantine, testing, isolation, contact tracing, and clinical management. ... -
Cost-benefit and extended cost-effectiveness analysis of a comprehensive adolescent pregnancy prevention program in Zambia: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-12-19)Background: Early marriages, pregnancies and births are the major cause of school drop-out among adolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa. Birth complications are also one of the leading causes of death among adolescent ... -
A cost-effectiveness analysis of maternal and neonatal health interventions in Ethiopia
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-05-18)Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan African countries contributing to the highest number of maternal and neonatal deaths. Coverage of maternal and neonatal health (MNH) interventions has remained very low in Ethiopia. We ... -
Cost-effectiveness analysis of population-based tobacco control strategies in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in Tanzania
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-08-02)Background: Tobacco consumption contributes significantly to the global burden of disease. The prevalence of smoking is estimated to be increasing in many low-income countries, including Tanzania, especially among women ... -
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Surgical Repair for Obstetric Fistula in Ethiopia.
(Master thesis, 2022-05-31) -
Cost-effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapy at a district hospital in southern Ethiopia
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-07-17)Background: As the resource implications of expanding anti-retroviral therapy (ART) are likely to be large, there is a need to explore its cost-effectiveness. So far, there is no such information available from Ethiopia. ...