• Early evolution of radial glial cells in Bilateria 

      Helm, Conrad; Karl, Anett; Beckers, Patrick; Kaul-Strehlow, Sabrina; Ulbricht, Elke; Kourtesis, Ioannis; Kuhrt, Heidrun; Hausen, Harald; Bartolomaeus, Thomas; Reichenbach, Andreas; Bleidorn, Christoph (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      Bilaterians usually possess a central nervous system, composed of neurons and supportive cells called glial cells. Whereas neuronal cells are highly comparable in all these animals, glial cells apparently differ, and in ...
    • Embracing the comparative approach: How robust phylogenies and broader developmental sampling impacts the understanding of nervous system evolution 

      Hejnol, Andreas; Lowe, Christopher J. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-11-09)
      Molecular biology has provided a rich dataset to develop hypotheses of nervous system evolution. The startling patterning similarities between distantly related animals during the development of their central nervous system ...
    • Embryonic chirality and the evolution of spiralian left - right asymmetries 

      Martin Duran, Jose Maria; Vellutini, Bruno Cossermelli; Hejnol, Andreas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-12)
      The group Spiralia includes species with one of the most significant cases of left–right asymmetries in animals: the coiling of the shell of gastropod molluscs (snails). In this animal group, an early event of embryonic ...
    • Embryonic expression of endogenous retroviral RNAs in somatic tissues adjacent to the Oikopleura germline 

      Henriet, Simon; Sumic, Sara; Doufoundou-Guilengui, Carlette; Jensen, Marit Flo; Grandmougin, Camille; Fal, Kateryna; Thompson, Eric; Volff, Jean-Nicolas; Chourrout, Daniel (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)
      Selective pressure to maintain small genome size implies control of transposable elements, and most old classes of retrotransposons are indeed absent from the very compact genome of the tunicate Oikopleura dioica. Nonetheless, ...
    • Embryonic expression of priapulid Wnt genes 

      Hogvall, Mattias; Vellutini, Bruno Cossermelli; Martin-Duran, José M.; Hejnol, Andreas; Budd, Graham E.; Janssen, Ralf (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-07)
      Posterior elongation of the developing embryo is a common feature of animal development. One group of genes that is involved in posterior elongation is represented by the Wnt genes, secreted glycoprotein ligands that signal ...
    • Evolution and development of the adelphophagic, intracapsular Schmidt's larva of the nemertean Lineus ruber 

      Martin Duran, Jose Maria; Vellutini, Bruno Cossermelli; Hejnol, Andreas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-09-28)
      Background: The life cycle of many animals includes a larval stage, which has diversified into an astonishing variety of ecological strategies. The Nemertea is a group of spiralians that exhibits a broad diversity of larval ...
    • Evolution of CDK1 Paralog Specializations in a Lineage With Fast Developing Planktonic Embryos 

      Ma, Xiaofei; Øvrebø, Jan Inge; Thompson, Eric Malcolm (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-28)
      The active site of the essential CDK1 kinase is generated by core structural elements, among which the PSTAIRE motif in the critical αC-helix, is universally conserved in the single CDK1 ortholog of all metazoans. We report ...
    • Evolution of eumetazoan nervous systems: Insights from cnidarians 

      Kelava, Iva; Rentzsch, Fabian; Technau, Ulrich (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-19)
      Cnidarians, the sister group to bilaterians, have a simple diffuse nervous system. This morphological simplicity and their phylogenetic position make them a crucial group in the study of the evolution of the nervous system. ...
    • Evolution of the Pax-Six-Eya-Dach network: The calcisponge case study 

      Valero Fortunato, Sofia A; Leininger, Sven Dirk; Adamska, Maja (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-06-23)
      Background: The Pax-Six-Eya-Dach network (PSEDN) is involved in a variety of developmental processes, including well documented roles in determination of sensory organs and morphogenesis in bilaterian animals. Expression ...
    • Evolutionarily conserved aspects of animal nutrient uptake and transport in sea anemone vitellogenesis 

      Lebouvier, Marion; Miramon Puertolas, Paula; Steinmetz, Patrick (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      The emergence of systemic nutrient transport was a key challenge during animal evolution, yet it is poorly understood. Circulatory systems distribute nutrients in many bilaterians (e.g., vertebrates and arthropods) but are ...
    • Evolutionary and behavioral analysis of neuropeptides in bilaterians 

      Thiel, Daniel (Doctoral thesis, 2017-06-29)
      Neuropeptides are a diverse group of neurosecretory signaling molecules that are utilized by the nervous system of all bilaterian animals. These signaling molecules are involved in most physiological processes and can play ...
    • Evolutionary Implications of the microRNA- and piRNA Complement of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha) 

      Fromm, Bastian; Tosar, Juan Pablo; Aguilera, Felipe; Friedlaender, Marc R.; Bachmann, Lutz; Hejnol, Andreas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-22)
      Gastrotrichs—’hairy bellies’—are microscopic free-living animals inhabiting marine and freshwater habitats. Based on morphological and early molecular analyses, gastrotrichs were placed close to nematodes, but recent ...
    • The Evolving Proteome of a Complex Extracellular Matrix, the Oikopleura House 

      Hosp, Julia; Sagane, Yoshimasa; Danks, Gemma; Thompson, Eric M. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-07-05)
      Extracellular matrices regulate biological processes at the level of cells, tissues, and in some cases, entire multicellular organisms. The subphylum Urochordata exemplifies the latter case, where animals are partially or ...
    • Exciting times to study the identity and evolution of cell types 

      Sachkova, Maria; Burkhardt, Pawel (Journal article, 2019)
      The EMBO/EMBL Symposium on ‘The Identity and Evolution of Cell Types’ took place in Heidelberg, Germany, on 15-19 May 2019. The symposium, which brought together a diverse group of speakers addressing a wide range of ...
    • Exonic remnants of whole-genome duplication reveal cis-regulatory function of coding exons 

      Dong, Xianjun; Navratilova, Pavla; Fredman, David; Drivenes, Øyvind; Becker, Thomas S.; Lenhard, Boris (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2009-12-06)
      Using a comparative genomics approach to reconstruct the fate of genomic regulatory blocks (GRBs) and identify exonic remnants that have survived the disappearance of their host genes after whole-genome duplication (WGD) ...
    • Expression of multiple Sox genes through embryonic development in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi is spatially restricted to zones of cell proliferation 

      Schnitzler, Christine E.; Simmons, David K.; Pang, Kevin; Martindale, Mark Q.; Baxevanis, Andreas D. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-04-24)
      Background: The Sox genes, a family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of a high mobility group (HMG) box domain, are among the central groups of developmental regulators in the animal kingdom. They are ...
    • Expression of segment polarity genes in brachiopods supports a non-segmental ancestral role of engrailed for bilaterians 

      Vellutini, Bruno Cossermelli; Hejnol, Andreas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-26)
      The diverse and complex developmental mechanisms of segmentation have been more thoroughly studied in arthropods, vertebrates and annelids—distantly related animals considered to be segmented. Far less is known about the ...
    • Extreme Levels of Ocean Acidification Restructure the Plankton Community and Biogeochemistry of a Temperate Coastal Ecosystem: A Mesocosm Study 

      Spisla, Carsten; Taucher, Jan; Bach, Lennart T; Haunost, Mathias; Boxhammer, Tim; King, Andrew L; Jenkins, Bettany D.; Wallace, Joselynn R.; Ludwig, Andrea; Meyer, Jana; Stange, Paul; Minutolo, Fabrizio; Lohbeck, Kai T.; Nauendorf, Alice; Kalter, Verena; Lischka, Silke; Sswat, Michael; Dörner, Isabel; Ismar-Rebitz, Stefanie M. H.; Aberle, Nicole; Yong, Jaw C; Bouquet, Jean-Marie; Lechtenbörger, Anna K.; Kohnert, Peter; Krudewig, Michael; Riebesell, Ulf (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The oceans’ uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) decreases seawater pH and alters the inorganic carbon speciation – summarized in the term ocean acidification (OA). Already today, coastal regions experience episodic ...
    • Five New Species of Guimaraesiella (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from Broadbills (Aves: Passeriformes: Calyptomenidae: Eurylaimidae) 

      Gustafsson, David; Malysheva, Olga D; Tolstenkov, Oleg; Bush, Sarah E (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Five new species of Guimaraesiella Eichler, 1949 are described and illustrated from hosts in the Eurylaimidae and Calyptomenidae. They are Guimaraesiella corydoni n. sp. from Corydon sumatranus laoensisMeyer de Schauensee, ...
    • Functional annotation of human long noncoding RNAs via molecular phenotyping 

      Ramilowski, Jordan; Yip, Chiu Wai Mickey; Agrawal, Saumya; Chang, Jen-Chien; Ciani, Yari; Kulakovskiy, Ivan; Mendez, Mickaël; Ching Ooi, Jasmine Li; Ouyang, John F; Parkinson, Nick; Kasukawa, Takeya; Kauppinen, Sakari; Kere, Juha; Lenhard, Boris; Schneider, Claudio; Suzuki, Harukazu; Yagi, Ken; De Hoon, Michiel J L; Shin, Jay W; Piero, Carninci (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute the majority of transcripts in the mammalian genomes, and yet, their functions remain largely unknown. As part of the FANTOM6 project, we systematically knocked down the expression ...