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Mesmerize is a dynamically adaptable user-friendly analysis platform for 2D and 3D calcium imaging data
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Calcium imaging is an increasingly valuable technique for understanding neural circuits, neuroethology, and cellular mechanisms. The analysis of calcium imaging data presents challenges in image processing, data organization, ... -
Mesodermal gene expression during the embryonic and larval development of the articulate brachiopod Terebratalia transversa
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-11)Background: Brachiopods undergo radial cleavage, which is distinct from the stereotyped development of closely related spiralian taxa. The mesoderm has been inferred to derive from the archenteron walls following gastrulation, ... -
MicroRNAs and essential components of the microRNA processing machinery are not encoded in the genome of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012-12-20)Background: MicroRNAs play a vital role in the regulation of gene expression and have been identified in every animal with a sequenced genome examined thus far, except for the placozoan Trichoplax. The genomic repertoires ... -
A miniaturized nigrostriatal-like circuit regulating locomotor performance in a protochordate
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)To gain insight into the evolution of motor control systems at the origin of vertebrates, we have investigated higher-order motor circuitry in the protochordate Oikopleura dioica. We have identified a highly miniaturized ... -
Molecular characterization of the apical organ of the anthozoan Nematostella vectensis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-12-03)Apical organs are sensory structures present in many marine invertebrate larvae where they are considered to be involved in their settlement, metamorphosis and locomotion. In bilaterians they are characterised by a tuft ... -
Molecular evidence for a single origin of ultrafiltration-based excretory organs
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Excretion is an essential physiological process, carried out by all living organisms, regardless of their size or complexity.1, 2, 3 Both protostomes (e.g., flies and flatworms) and deuterostomes (e.g., humans and sea ... -
Molecular mechanisms governing development of the hindbrain choroid plexus and auditory projection: A validation of the seminal observations of Wilhelm His
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Studies by His from 1868 to 1904 delineated the critical role of the dorsal roof plate in the development of the hindbrain choroid plexus, and of the rhombic lips in the development of hindbrain auditory centers. Modern ... -
Molecular patterning during the development of Phoronopsis harmeri reveals similarities to rhynchonelliform brachiopods
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Background: Phoronids, rhynchonelliform and linguliform brachiopods show striking similarities in their embryonic fate maps, in particular in their axis specification and regionalization. However, although brachiopod ... -
Molecular regionalization in the compact brain of the meiofaunal annelid Dinophilus gyrociliatus (Dinophilidae)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-30)Background: Annelida is a morphologically diverse animal group that exhibits a remarkable variety in nervous system architecture (e.g., number and location of longitudinal cords, architecture of the brain). Despite this ... -
Morphogenesis underlying the development of the everted teleost telencephalon
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-09-18)Background: Although the mechanisms underlying brain patterning and regionalization are very much conserved, the morphology of different brain regions is extraordinarily variable across vertebrate phylogeny. This is ... -
Morphological investigations of posttraumatic regeneration in Timarete cf. punctata (Annelida: Cirratulidae)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-06)Introduction: Annelids exhibit great regenerative abilities, which are mainly used after injury or during reproduction. These lophotrochozoans thus represent excellent models for regeneration research. However, detailed ... -
Muscle cell-type diversification is driven by bHLH transcription factor expansion and extensive effector gene duplications
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Animals are typically composed of hundreds of different cell types, yet mechanisms underlying the emergence of new cell types remain unclear. Here we address the origin and diversification of muscle cells in the non-bilaterian, ... -
A nemertean excitatory peptide/CCHamide regulates ciliary swimming in the larvae of Lineus longissimus
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-10)Background The trochozoan excitatory peptide (EP) and its ortholog, the arthropod CCHamide, are neuropeptides that are only investigated in very few animal species. Previous studies on different trochozoan species focused ... -
Neuronal gene expression in two generations of the marine parasitic worm, Cryptocotyle lingua
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Trematodes, or flukes, undergo intricate anatomical and behavioral transformations during their life cycle, yet the functional changes in their nervous system remain poorly understood. We investigated the molecular basis ... -
Neuronal genes deregulated in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome respond to removal and re-expression of cohesin
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a human developmental disorder caused by mutations that compromise the function of cohesin, a major regulator of 3D genome organization. Cognitive impairment is a universal and as yet ... -
A non-bilaterian perspective on the development and evolution of animal digestive systems
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-07)Digestive systems and extracellular digestion are key animal features, but their emergence during early animal evolution is currently poorly understood. As the last common ancestor of non-bilaterian animal groups (sponges, ... -
A novel measure of non-coding genome conservation identifies genomic regulatory blocks within primates
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-07)Motivation Clusters of extremely conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) mark genomic regions devoted to cis-regulation of key developmental genes in Metazoa. We have recently shown that their span coincides with that of ... -
Nuclear genomic signals of the “microturbellarian” roots of platyhelminth evolutionary innovation
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-12)Flatworms number among the most diverse invertebrate phyla and represent the most biomedically significant branch of the major bilaterian clade Spiralia, but to date, deep evolutionary relationships within this group have ... -
NvPOU4/Brain3 Functions as a Terminal Selector Gene in the Nervous System of the Cnidarian Nematostella vectensis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020-03)Terminal selectors are transcription factors that control the morphological, physiological, and molecular features that characterize distinct cell types. Here, we show that, in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, NvPOU4 ... -
NvPrdm14d-expressing neural progenitor cells contribute to non-ectodermal neurogenesis in Nematostella vectensis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Neurogenesis has been studied extensively in the ectoderm, from which most animals generate the majority of their neurons. Neurogenesis from non-ectodermal tissue is, in contrast, poorly understood. Here we use the cnidarian ...