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Evolution of eumetazoan nervous systems: Insights from cnidarians
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-19)Cnidarians, the sister group to bilaterians, have a simple diffuse nervous system. This morphological simplicity and their phylogenetic position make them a crucial group in the study of the evolution of the nervous system. ... -
Evolution of the Pax-Six-Eya-Dach network: The calcisponge case study
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-06-23)Background: The Pax-Six-Eya-Dach network (PSEDN) is involved in a variety of developmental processes, including well documented roles in determination of sensory organs and morphogenesis in bilaterian animals. Expression ... -
Evolutionarily conserved aspects of animal nutrient uptake and transport in sea anemone vitellogenesis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)The emergence of systemic nutrient transport was a key challenge during animal evolution, yet it is poorly understood. Circulatory systems distribute nutrients in many bilaterians (e.g., vertebrates and arthropods) but are ... -
Evolutionary and behavioral analysis of neuropeptides in bilaterians
(Doctoral thesis, 2017-06-29)Neuropeptides are a diverse group of neurosecretory signaling molecules that are utilized by the nervous system of all bilaterian animals. These signaling molecules are involved in most physiological processes and can play ... -
Evolutionary Implications of the microRNA- and piRNA Complement of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-22)Gastrotrichs—’hairy bellies’—are microscopic free-living animals inhabiting marine and freshwater habitats. Based on morphological and early molecular analyses, gastrotrichs were placed close to nematodes, but recent ... -
The Evolving Proteome of a Complex Extracellular Matrix, the Oikopleura House
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012-07-05)Extracellular matrices regulate biological processes at the level of cells, tissues, and in some cases, entire multicellular organisms. The subphylum Urochordata exemplifies the latter case, where animals are partially or ... -
Exciting times to study the identity and evolution of cell types
(Journal article, 2019)The EMBO/EMBL Symposium on ‘The Identity and Evolution of Cell Types’ took place in Heidelberg, Germany, on 15-19 May 2019. The symposium, which brought together a diverse group of speakers addressing a wide range of ... -
Exonic remnants of whole-genome duplication reveal cis-regulatory function of coding exons
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2009-12-06)Using a comparative genomics approach to reconstruct the fate of genomic regulatory blocks (GRBs) and identify exonic remnants that have survived the disappearance of their host genes after whole-genome duplication (WGD) ... -
Expression of multiple Sox genes through embryonic development in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi is spatially restricted to zones of cell proliferation
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-04-24)Background: The Sox genes, a family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of a high mobility group (HMG) box domain, are among the central groups of developmental regulators in the animal kingdom. They are ... -
Expression of segment polarity genes in brachiopods supports a non-segmental ancestral role of engrailed for bilaterians
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-26)The diverse and complex developmental mechanisms of segmentation have been more thoroughly studied in arthropods, vertebrates and annelids—distantly related animals considered to be segmented. Far less is known about the ... -
Extreme Levels of Ocean Acidification Restructure the Plankton Community and Biogeochemistry of a Temperate Coastal Ecosystem: A Mesocosm Study
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)The oceans’ uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) decreases seawater pH and alters the inorganic carbon speciation – summarized in the term ocean acidification (OA). Already today, coastal regions experience episodic ... -
Five New Species of Guimaraesiella (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from Broadbills (Aves: Passeriformes: Calyptomenidae: Eurylaimidae)
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Five new species of Guimaraesiella Eichler, 1949 are described and illustrated from hosts in the Eurylaimidae and Calyptomenidae. They are Guimaraesiella corydoni n. sp. from Corydon sumatranus laoensisMeyer de Schauensee, ... -
Functional annotation of human long noncoding RNAs via molecular phenotyping
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute the majority of transcripts in the mammalian genomes, and yet, their functions remain largely unknown. As part of the FANTOM6 project, we systematically knocked down the expression ... -
Gap junction-dependent coordination of intercellular calcium signalling in the developing appendicularian tunicate Oikopleura dioica
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)We characterized spontaneous Ca2+ signals in Oikopleura dioica embryos from pre-fertilization to gastrula stages following injection of GCaMP6 mRNA into unfertilized eggs. The unfertilized egg exhibited regular, transient ... -
Gene expression in bryozoan larvae suggest a fundamental importance of pre-patterned blastemic cells in the bryozoan life-cycle
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2011-06-06)Background: Bryozoa is a clade of aquatic protostomes. The bryozoan life cycle typically comprises a larval stage, which metamorphoses into a sessile adult that proliferates by asexual budding to form colonies. The homology ... -
Gene expression profiles of dicyemid life-cycle stages may explain how dispersing larvae locate new hosts
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-13)Metazoans have evolved a great variety of life histories in response to environmental conditions. A unique example is encountered in dicyemid mesozoans. In addition to a highly simplified adult body comprising only ~ 30 ... -
Generating transgenic reporter lines for studying nervous system development in the cnidarian nematostella vectensis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)Neurons often display complex morphologies with long and fine processes that can be difficult to visualize, in particular in living animals. Transgenic reporter lines in which fluorescent proteins are expressed in defined ... -
The genetic basis for PRC1 complex diversity emerged early in animal evolution
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)Polycomb group proteins are essential regulators of developmental processes across animals. Despite their importance, studies on Polycomb are often restricted to classical model systems and, as such, little is known about ... -
Genomic features and computational identification of human microRNAs under long-range developmental regulation
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2011-05-27)Background: Recent functional studies have demonstrated that many microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed by RNA polymerase II in a specific spatiotemporal manner during the development of organisms and play a key role in ... -
Genomic regulatory blocks encompass multiple neighboring genes and maintain conserved synteny in vertebrates
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2007-03-06)We report evidence for a mechanism for the maintenance of long-range conserved synteny across vertebrate genomes. We found the largest mammal-teleost conserved chromosomal segments to be spanned by highly conserved noncoding ...