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    • Evidence for waning of latency in a cohort study of tuberculosis 

      Wiker, Harald G.; Mustafa, Tehmina; Bjune, Gunnar Aksel; Harbo, Morten (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2010-02-23)
      Background To investigate how the risk of active tuberculosis disease is influenced by time since original infection and to determine whether the risk of reactivation of tuberculosis increases or decreases with age. Methods ...

    • The evolution of humoral immune responses to past and novel influenza virus strains gives evidence for antigenic seniority 

      Sicca, Federica; Sakorafa, Eleni; de Jonge, Anouk; de Vries-Idema, Jacqueline; Zhou, Fan; Cox, Rebecca Jane; Huckriede, Anke (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      The high genetic and antigenic variability of influenza virus and the repeated exposures of individuals to the virus over time account for the human immune responses toward this pathogen to continuously evolve during the ...

    • An evolutionary epigenetics approach to schizophrenia 

      Banerjee, Niladri (Doctoral thesis, 2018-09-28)
      Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder with an estimated lifetime prevalence of ~1% worldwide. Despite reduced fecundity of patients, this rate is stable across population groups separated by geography and time. There is ...

    • Exercise Capacity after extremely preterm birth. Development from childhood to adulthood 

      Clemm, Hege Synnøve Havstad (Doctoral thesis, 2015-08-28)
      Background: Extremely preterm (EP) birth is associated with a series of adverse health outcomes, some of which may be alleviated by improved physical fitness. Subjects born EP are reportedly less physically active than ...

    • Exercise capacity and breathing pattern in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Predictors and longitudinal changes 

      Frisk, Bente (Doctoral thesis, 2015-05-26)
      Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by expiratory flow limitation. The knowledge about factors contributing to the long-term changes in exercise capacity and breathing ...

    • Exercise induced laryngeal obstructions in humans and equines. A comparative review 

      Fretheim-Kelly, Zoe Louise; Halvorsen, Thomas; Clemm, Hege Synnøve Havstad; Roksund, Ola Drange; Heimdal, John-Helge; Vollsæter, Maria; Fintl, Constanze; Strand, Eric (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-10-30)
      Dynamic obstructions of the larynx are a set of disorders that occur during exercise in equines and humans. There are a number of similarities in presentation, diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment. Both equines and ...

    • Exercise inducible laryngeal obstruction: diagnostics and management 

      Røksund, Ola Drange; Heimdal, John-Helge; Clemm, Hege Synnøve Havstad; Vollsæter, Maria; Halvorsen, Thomas (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-01)
      Obstruction of the central airways is an important cause of exercise-induced inspiratory symptoms (EIIS) in young and otherwise healthy individuals. This is a large, heterogeneous and vastly understudied group of patients. ...

    • Exercise related respiratory problems in the young—Is it exercise-induced bronchoconstriction or laryngeal obstruction? 

      Vollsæter, Maria; Stensrud, Trine; Maat, Robert; Halvorsen, Thomas; Røksund, Ola Drange; Sandnes, Astrid; Clemm, Hege Synnøve Havstad (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Complaints of breathlessness during heavy exercise is common in children and adolescents, and represent expressions of a subjective feeling that may be difficult to verify and to link with specific diagnoses through objective ...

    • Exercise training and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction 

      Koppen, Elias; Omland, Torbjørn; Larsen, Alf Inge; Karlsen, Trine; Linke, Axel; Prescott, Eva Irene Bossano; Halle, Martin; Dalen, Håvard; Delagardelle, Charles; Hole, Torstein; van Craenenbroeck, Emeline M.; Beckers, Paul; Ellingsen, Øyvind; Feiereisen, Patrick; Valborgland, Torstein; Videm, Vibeke (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Aims Whether an exercise training intervention is associated with reduction in long-term high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentration (a biomarker of subclinical myocardial injury) in patients with heart ...

    • Exercise Training in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 

      Hammer, Stian; Toussaint, Michel; Vollsæter, Maria; Tvedt, Marianne Nesbjørg; Røksund, Ola Drange; Reychler, Gregory; Lund, Hans; Andersen, Tiina Maarit (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Objective: To evaluate the effects and safety of exercise training, and to determine the most effective exercise intervention for people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Exercise training was compared with no training, ...

    • Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) in athletes: a narrative review by a subgroup of the IOC Consensus on 'acute respiratory illness in the athlete' 

      Clemm, Hege Synnøve Havstad; Olin, J Tod; McIntosh, Cameron; Schwellnus, Martin; Sewry, Nicola; Hull, James H.; Halvorsen, Thomas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is caused by paradoxical inspiratory adduction of laryngeal structures during exercise. EILO is an important cause of upper airway dysfunction in young individuals and athletes, ...

    • Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction in athletes treated with inspiratory muscle training 

      Sandnes, Astrid; Andersen, Tiina Maarit; Clemm, Hege Synnøve Havstad; Hilland, Magnus; Vollsæter, Maria; Heimdal, John-Helge; Eide, Geir Egil; Halvorsen, Thomas; Røksund, Ola Drange (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-01-18)
      Background Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is common in athletes and presents with dyspnoea, chest tightness, inspiratory stridor and sometimes panic reactions. The evidence for conservative treatment is weak, ...

    • Exercise-induced Laryngeal Obstruction: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Treatment Trial 

      Clemm, Hege Synnøve Havstad; Røksund, Ola Drange; Andersen, Tiina Maarit; Heimdal, John-Helge; Karlsen, Tom; Hilland, Magnus; Fretheim-Kelly, Zoe; Hufthammer, Karl Ove; Sandnes, Astrid; Hjelle, Sigrun Margrethe; Vollsæter, Maria; Halvorsen, Thomas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Background: Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a common cause of exertional breathing problems in young individuals, caused by paradoxical inspiratory adduction of laryngeal structures, and diagnosed by ...

    • Exhaled nitric oxide is related to atopy, but not asthma in adolescents with bronchiolitis in infancy 

      Mikalsen, Ingvild Bruun; Halvorsen, Thomas; Øymar, Knut (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013-11-17)
      Background: The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been suggested as a non-invasive marker of eosinophilic inflammation in asthma, but lately rather as a biomarker of atopy than of asthma itself. Asthma after ...

    • Exogenous female sex steroids may reduce lung ageing after menopause: A 20-year follow-up study of a general population sample (ECRHS) 

      Triebner, Kai; Accordini, Simone; Calciano, Lucia; Johannessen, Ane; Benediktsdóttir, Bryndís; Bifulco, Ersilia; Demoly, Pascal; Dharmage, Shyamali C.; Franklin, Karl A.; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Gullón Blanco, José Antonio; Heinrich, Joachim; Holm, Mathias; Jarvis, Debbie; Jõgi, Rain; Lindberg, Eva; Martínez-Moratalla, Jesús; Muniozguren Agirre, Nerea; Pin, Isabelle; Probst-Hensch, Nicole; Raherison, Chantal; Sánchez-Ramos, José Luis; Schlünssen, Vivi; Svanes, Cecilie; Hustad, Simon Steinar; Leynaert, Bénédicte; Gomez Real, Francisco (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      Objectives: Menopause involves hypoestrogenism, which is associated with numerous detrimental effects, including on respiratory health. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is often used to improve symptoms of menopause. The ...

    • Exome chip analyses in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 

      Zayats, Tetyana; Jacobsen, Kaya Kvarme; Kleppe, Rune; Jacob, CP; Kittel-Schneider, Sarah; Ribases, Marta; Ramos-Quiroga, JA; Richarte, Vanesa; Casas, M; Mota, NR; Grevet, EH; Klein, M; Corominas, J; Bralten, Janita; Galesloot, T; Vasquez, AA; Herms, S; Forstner, AJ; Larsson, H; Breen, G; Asherson, P; Gross-Lesch, Silke; Lesch, KP; Cichon, Sven; Gabrielsen, Maiken Elvestad; Holmen, Oddgeir Lingaas; Bau, CH; Buitelaar, Jan; Kiemeney, L; Faraone, Stephen V.; Cormand, B; Franke, Barbara; Reif, Andreas; Haavik, Jan; Johansson, Stefan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)
      Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable childhood-onset neuropsychiatric condition, often persisting into adulthood. The genetic architecture of ADHD, particularly in adults, is largely unknown. ...

    • Experimental Infection of Human Volunteers with the Heat-Stable Enterotoxin-Producing Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strain TW11681 

      Sakkestad, Sunniva Todnem; Steinsland, Hans; Skrede, Steinar; Kleppa, Elisabeth; Lillebø, Kristine; Sævik, Marianne; Søyland, Hanne; Heien, Astrid Rykkje; Tellevik, Marit Gjerde; Barry, Eileen M.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Hanevik, Kurt (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-06-22)
      Infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) producing the heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) is one of the most important causes of childhood diarrhoea in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we undertook a controlled ...

    • An expert consensus on the recommendations for the use of biomarkers in Fabry disease 

      Burlina, Allesandro; Brand, Eva; Hughes, Derralynn A.; Kantola, Ilkka; Krämer, Johannes; Nowak, Albina; Tøndel, Camilla; Wanner, Christoph; Spada, Marco (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by the accumulation of glycosphingolipids in various tissues and body fluids, leading to progressive organ damage and life-threatening complications. Phenotypic ...

    • Expert opinion of mediastinal lymph node positions from an intrabronchial view 

      Roth, Kjetil; Eagan, Tomas; Hardie, Jon (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016-01-22)
      Background The knowledge of the mediastinal lymph node positions from an intrabronchial view was important for conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA). The introduction of endobronchial ultrasound guided ...

    • Exploration of Cellular Signaling Patterns for the Stratification of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis 

      Bader, Lucius (Doctoral thesis, 2020-09-16)
      Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by synovial inflammation that, if not treated early and efficiently, causes joint damage. The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis ...