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Higher concentrations of kynurenic acid in CSF are associated with the slower clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Introduction: The kynurenine pathway's (KP) malfunction is closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), for antagonistic kynurenic acid (KA) and agonistic quinolinic acid act on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, a possible ... -
Highly conserved serine residue 40 in HIV-1 p6 regulates capsid processing and virus core assembly
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2011-02-16)Background: The HIV-1 p6 Gag protein regulates the final abscission step of nascent virions from the cell membrane by the action of two late assembly (L-) domains. Although p6 is located within one of the most polymorphic ... -
Highly contiguous genomes of human clinical isolates of Giardia duodenalis reveal assemblage-and sub-assemblage-specific presence–absence variation in protein-coding genes
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. intestinalis, G. lamblia) is a widespread gastrointestinal protozoan parasite with debated taxonomic status. Currently, eight distinct genetic sub-groups, termed assemblages A–H, are defined ... -
Histologic healing and factors associated with complete remission following conventional treatment in ulcerative colitis
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Background: Endoscopic and histological activity scores in ulcerative colitis (UC) are associated with clinical outcomes and have become important targets of clinical trials. However, these endpoints have been scarcely ... -
Histone deacetylase inhibition in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: the effects of valproic acid on leukemic cells, and the clinical and experimental evidence for combining valproic acid with other antileukemic agents
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013-07-30)Several new therapeutic strategies are now considered for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy, including modulation of protein lysine acetylation through inhibition of histone deacetylases ... -
A history of late and very late stent thrombosis is not associated with increased activation of the contact system, a case control study
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2010-04-15)Background: The pathophysiological pathways resulting in Late Stent Thrombosis (LST) remain uncertain. Findings from animal studies indicate a role of the intrinsic coagulation pathway in arterial thrombus formation, while ... -
HIV patients with latent tuberculosis living in a low-endemic country do not develop active disease during a 2 year follow-up; a Norwegian prospective multicenter study
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014-12-17)Background: Interferon-γ release assays (IGRA) serve as immunodiagnostics of tuberculosis (TB) infection to identify individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) eligible for preventive anti-TB therapy. In this longitudinal ... -
HIV-1 subtype distribution and its demographic determinants in newly diagnosed patients in Europe suggest highly compartmentalized epidemics
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013-01-14)Background: Understanding HIV-1 subtype distribution and epidemiology can assist preventive measures and clinical decisions. Sequence variation may affect antiviral drug resistance development, disease progression, ... -
HIV-infected persons with type 2 diabetes show evidence of endothelial dysfunction and increased inflammation
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-03-29)Background: Increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in both HIV infection and type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to the general population has been described. Little is known about the combined effect of HIV ... -
HNF4A haploinsufficiency in MODY1 abrogates liver and pancreas differentiation from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-06-28)Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 1 (MODY1) is a monogenic diabetes condition caused by heterozygous HNF4A mutations. We investigate how HNF4A haploinsufficiency from a MODY1/HNF4A mutation influences the development ... -
Homocysteine-lowering clinical trials in Norway. Cardiovascular and cancer outcomes in the Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial and the Norwegian Vitamin Trial
(Doctoral thesis, 2010-09-17)Introduction: Observational studies have reported associations between levels of the amino acid homocysteine in the circulation and risk of cardiovascular disease. Oral administration of the synthetic B vitamins folic acid ... -
Horizontal plasmid transfer among klebsiella pneumoniae isolates is the key factor for dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamases among children in Tanzania
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)Increased knowledge about the role of horizontal gene transfer is key to improve our understanding of the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in human populations. We therefore studied the dissemination of the blaCTX-M-15 ... -
Hormone references for ultrasound breast staging and endocrine profiling to detect female onset of puberty
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)Context Application of ultrasound (US) to evaluate attainment and morphology of glandular tissue provides a new rationale for evaluating onset and progression of female puberty, but currently no hormone references complement ... -
Hospitalization for acute heart failure during non-working hours impacts on long-term mortality: the REPORT-HF registry
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)Aims Hospital admission during nighttime and off hours may affect the outcome of patients with various cardiovascular conditions due to suboptimal resources and personnel availability, but data for acute heart failure ... -
Hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction – trends in case fatality, and the impact of changing definition on number of events, subtypes and mortality
(Doctoral thesis, 2014-09-24)Background: Few studies of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among hospitalized patients have had direct estimates of long-term case fatality after AMI, and the literature is conflicting regarding gender-related prognosis ... -
Host blood RNA transcript and protein signatures for sputum-independent diagnostics of tuberculosis in adults
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)To achieve the ambitious targets for tuberculosis (TB) prevention, care, and control stated by the End TB Strategy, new health care strategies, diagnostic tools are warranted. Host-derived biosignatures are explored for ... -
Host blood-based biosignatures for subclinical TB and incipient TB: A prospective study of adult TB household contacts in Southern India
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-11)A large proportion of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden is asymptomatic and not detectable by symptom-based screening, driving the TB epidemic through continued M. tuberculosis transmission. Currently, no validated tools ... -
Host Transcriptional Signatures Predict Etiology in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Potential Antibiotic Stewardship Tools
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)Background: Current approaches for pathogen identification in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remain suboptimal, leaving most patients without a microbiological diagnosis. If better diagnostic tools were available for ... -
The Host-Pathogen interaction of Human Cyclophilin A and HIV-1 Vpr requires specific N-terminal and novel C-terminal domains
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2011-12-20)Background: Cyclophilin A (CypA) represents a potential key molecule in future antiretroviral therapy since inhibition of CypA suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. CypA interacts with the ... -
HOTAIR and its surrogate DNA methylation signature indicate carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-10-24)Background: Understanding carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer is critical for the improvement of patients’ lives. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells or an aggravated epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenotype of ...